Thermal time requirements for the development of green pea (Pisum sativum L.) |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Agricultural Production, School of Agricultural Engineering, Food Technology and Biosystems, and Research Centre for the Management of Agricultural and Environmental Risks, Madrid, Spain;2. Technical University of Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain;3. Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC, Córdoba, Spain |
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| Abstract: | The purpose of this investigation was to quantify, for crop modelling purposes, temperature response functions of various developmental stages of several green pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars. Cardinal temperatures, namely the base (Tb), optimum (Tm) and maximum temperature (Tx), for various developmental stages, were also determined. Below Tb and above Tx, development rates were zero and at Tm development proceeded at the maximum rate. Developmental stages were monitored in both controlled environments and field trials. No significant differences were found between cultivars regarding optimum temperatures for 50% germination. A Tb of 0°C, Tm of 29°C and Tx of 40°C for germination represents a good summary of the results. For the emergence, vegetative and reproductive stages, a Tb of 3°C, Tm of 28°C and Tx value of 38°C are appropriate. In the field, the crops required approximately 100°C d for emergence, 260°C d to reach the four-leaf stage, 380°C d till the seven-leaf stage and 730°C d to reach the 14-leaf stage. Thermal time requirements from sowing to flowering ranged from 770°C d to 890°C d for different cultivars, and from sowing to maturity (tenderometer reading of 130) from 1370°C d to 1450°C d. |
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