Photosynthesis,water and nitrogen use efficiencies of four paper birch (Betula papyrifera) populations grown under different soil moisture and nutrient regimes |
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| Institution: | 1. Federal University of Alagoas, Institute of Biology Science and Health, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil;2. Department of Fish & Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA;3. Federal University of Pará, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Biologia Pesqueira e Manejo de Recursos Aquáticos, Belém, Pará, Brazil;1. Karlsruhe Institute for Technology, Institute for Regional Science, Karlsruhe, Germany;2. School of Urban and Regional Planning, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines;3. The Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines;1. IRTA, Sustainable Plan Protection, Centre de Cabrils, Ctra. Cabrils Km. 2, 08348 Cabrils, Barcelona, Spain;2. Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragon CITA, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain;3. European Mycological Institute (EGTC-EMI), 42003 Soria, Spain;1. Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Vegetal, Brazil;2. Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Brazil;3. Departamento de Fitopatologia e Nematologia (LFN), Escola Superior de Agricultura, Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo (ESALQ – USP), Brazil;4. Laboratório de Histotécnica Vegetal, Brazil;5. Laboratório de Ecologia Energética, Brazil;6. Grupo Aplicado ao Levantamento e Espacialização dos Solos, Brazil;1. Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand;2. PALEVOL, UMR CNRS 7262 INEE, Université de Poitiers, 6 rue Michel Brunet, 86022, Poitiers, France;3. Department of Geosciences, Biogeology, University of Tübingen, Hölderlinstrasse 12, 72074, Tübingen, Germany;4. Senckenberg Research Centre for Human Evolution and Paleoenvironment, University of Tübingen, Sigwartstrasse 10, 72076, Tübingen, Germany;5. Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand |
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| Abstract: | A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine how four populations of paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.), adapted to particular temperature, water and photoperiod regimes responded physiologically to different soil water and nutrient regimes. Seedlings of each of the four populations (Eaglet, LeeCreek, Porcupine and Skeena) from British Columbia were planted in pots and subjected to high and low water and nitrogen regimes for 4 months. Net photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (gs), water use efficiency (WUE) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) were measured and compared among treatments. Trade-offs between WUE and NUE were examined. Soil moisture was the major factor affecting A for all the populations. All populations showed relatively high A in the high-water and high-nitrogen (HWHN) treatment, ranging from 8.5 to 9.9 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1. Photosynthesis of trees in the low-water and high-nitrogen (LWHN) treatment was about 45% of that in the HWHN treatment. There was a linear increase in A as gs increased in all populations. A decreased with increasing vapor pressure deficit (VPD). The populations demonstrated significantly different relationships between A and gs, and VPD, with the LeeCreek population being the most conservative. This may provide a physiological basis for provenance selection and seed transfer. Eaglet and LeeCreek populations had lower WUE at the same level of NUE compared with Porcupine and Skeena populations. Porcupine and Skeena populations may be more suitable for moist sites due to their greater capacity to sequester water quickly, while the LeeCreek and Eaglet populations may be more suitable for drier interior sites where long drought periods can occur. |
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