Stand structure and regeneration of Quercus mongolica forests in Korea |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Environmental Biology Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, 613-2 Bulkwangdong, Eunpyunggu, Seoul 122-040, South Korea;2. Department of Forest Resources, Seoul National University, 103 Seodundong, Suwon 441-744, South Korea;1. Federal University of Roraima (UFRR), Post-graduate Program in Natural Resources (PRONAT), Av. Cap. Ene Garcez 2413 – Bairro Aeroporto, 69304-000 Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil;2. EMBRAPA Solos, UEP-Recife, Rua Antônio Falcão 402 – Boa Viagem, 51020-240 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil;3. Department of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Research in Amazonia (INPA), Av. André Araújo No 2936, 69 067-375 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil;4. Department of Environmental Dynamics, National Institute for Research in Amazonia (INPA) – Roraima Office (NPRR), Rua Coronel Pinto 315 – Centro, 69301-150 Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil;1. Institute of Forest Sciences, Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Tennenbacherstr. 4, 79106 Freiburg, Germany;2. Department of Computer Science, Bioinformatics Group, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 106, 79110 Freiburg, Germany;3. Institute of Forest Sciences, Chair of Forest Botany, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Bertoldstr. 17, 79085 Freiburg, Germany;1. State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, PR China;2. School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri-Columbia, 203m Anheuser-Busch Natural Resources Building, Columbia, MO 65211-7270, USA;1. Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, CZ -252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic;2. Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1645/31a, CZ-370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic;3. Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 21, Praha 6 - Suchdol, Czech Republic;4. Department of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, 51003, Estonia |
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| Abstract: | This study was conducted to analyze the stand structure of Quercus mongolica forests in Korea and to understand their regeneration dynamics. Forest community types of Mt. Joongwang, Mt. Chiri and Mt. Worak were classified into 7 groups by TWINSPAN. Q. mongolica appeared mainly on mid to upper slope positions. Acer mono, A. pseudo-sieboldianum, Maackia amurensis and Tilia amurensis are commonly associated with Q. mongolica. The density and basal area of Q. mongolica decreased as the stand developed into pole and early-mature stage forests. Total number of species increased as stands developed. Q. mongolica is an early invader of disturbed areas and dominates the stand, which means that this species should be considered as a pioneer species rather than a climax. Germination rate of scattered acorns was very low but fallen leaves over the acorns protected them from animal feeding and raised the germination rate. Among the seedlings of Q. mongolica, more than 70% originated from seedling sprouts. They showed a higher growth potential than seedlings, and their heartwoods are decay resistant. Therefore, their number and size were very important factors in determining the species composition of future forests after clearcutting. |
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