不同种类多不饱和脂肪酸对产蛋鸡抗体产生和淋巴细胞增殖的影响

选用360只60～70周龄海兰褐蛋鸡,研究不同种类的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)在不同添加水平下对产蛋鸡免疫功能的影响。试验共设10个处理,其中n-3PUFA的来源分别为亚麻籽油和鱼油,在日粮中的添加水平分别为20、40、60和10、30、50g/kg。n-6PUFA的来源为玉米油,在日粮中的添加量为20、40和60g/kg,另设一处理为不添加脂肪酸的对照组。在试验开始后的第5周和第7周分别给每个处理组中的6只鸡注射牛血清白蛋白抗原(BSA)和绵羊红细胞(SRBC),并分别于注射后第6,10,14天和第5,9,13天翅静脉采血,测定BSA抗体效价和SRBC抗体滴度。在试验开始后的第5周和第10周,采血测定外周全血淋巴细胞增殖速度,同时每个处理杀3只鸡,取脾脏制备单核细胞,测定其增殖速度。试验结果表明,日粮中添加PUFA具有提高产蛋鸡一免及二免BSA抗体和SRBC抗体产量的趋势,并呈现剂量依赖性。其中高鱼油添加组在一免10天时能显著(P<0.05)提高SRBC抗体滴度,二免后高鱼油添加组和高亚麻籽油添加组都能够显著(P<0.10)提高SRBC抗体滴度;对于BSA抗体效价,高n-3PUFA添加组都能够显著(P<0.10)提高。产蛋鸡外周全血淋巴细胞和脾脏单核细胞增殖速度在饲喂添加高n-3PUFA日粮后受到明显抑制。鱼油来源的n-3PUFA对产蛋鸡免疫功能影响程度比亚麻籽油的大。

EFFECTS OF DIETARY POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS ON ANTIBODY PRODUCTION AND LYMPHOCYTE PROLIFERATION IN LAYING HENS

In order to study the effects of different sources and levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)on the immune responses of laying hens,three hundred and sixty sixty-week old laying hens were randomly assigned to one of ten diets containing no oil,10g/kg,30g/kg,50g/kg fish oil(FO);20g/kg,40g/kg,60g/kg linseed oil (LO) and 20g/kg,40g/kg,60g/kg corn oil(CO).After 5 wk of feeding experimental diets,humoral and cellular immune responses were assayed.Laying hens were injected with SRBC and BSA at week 5 and week7,antibody titers were measured at 4,9 and 14 day after primary challenge and 5,9,13 day after secondary challenge respectively,Concanavalin(ConA)and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated proliferation of blood and spleen lymphocytes were assessed by thymidine incorporation at week 5 and week 10 respectively.Results showed that antibody titers after secondary challenge were higher than primary challenge.Antibody titers in FO-fed and LO-fed laying hens were significantly(P<0.05)higher compared with titers in laying hens fed CO and CK.The proliferative response to ConA was lower in laying hens fed the oils rich in n-3 PUFA,LO and FO.The response to LPS was poor.In conclusion,dietary fat sources and levels had a significant impact on immune response of laying hens.