塔里木河叶尔羌高原鳅摄食和生长的研究

为了探讨叶尔羌高原鳅在高盐碱水域环境的摄食和生长,本研究通过鱼类生物学和渔业资源调查等研究方法,对2012-2013年在塔里木河干流阿拉尔段、阿拉尔周边排碱渠和台南河等3个不同水域的叶尔羌高原鳅样本237尾、水生生物和水质进行了测定和分析。结果显示:塔里木河叶尔羌高原鳅口裂较大,下口位,有高原鳅属鱼类类似的摄食器官和肠道,体肠比约为1,杂食性偏肉型;3个不同水域水质和水生生物差异较大,叶尔羌高原鳅适口饵料缺乏,摄食强度明显降低,抢食现象严重,残食现象明显,成活率差,生长性状不稳定。研究表明:塔里木河叶尔羌高原鳅应对不同水域,摄食形态未发生改变,但其食物组成有所变化,长期的适应中摄食行为可能会发生变化。

Study on feeding habits and growth of Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis (Day)

In order to investigate the feeding habits and growth of Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis (Day) in highly saline-alkaline water, this study examined and analyzed 237 T.(H.) yarkandensis (Day), aquatic organisms and water quality based on 3 water areas of the Tarim River Alar, channel and Tainan River from 2012 to 2013 through fish biology, fisheries resources survey and other research methods. Results showed that the T.(H.) yarkandensis (Day) has relatively wider mouth, lower mouth position, and similar characteristics in feeding organs and intestines compared with other Triplophysa; the proportion of length body and length intestinal was 1:1 belonging to omnivore which prefers to feeding on other animal; the aquatic organisms and water qualities are quite different in the 3 water areas, and there is no the sufficient diet for T.(H.) yarkandensis (Day); its food composition simplified and feeding intensity decreased; cannibalism, low survival rate and growing instability of T.(H.) yarkandensis (Day) are founded as well. In conclusion, since its feeding morphology did not change but food composition changed responding to different waters, T.(H.) yarkandensis (Day)'s behavior may change for adjusting to these feeding behaviors for the long term run.