大口黑鲈食性驯化装置设计及应用效果研究

大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmonides)作为一种肉食性鱼类,具有较高的经济价值,在人工养殖过程中,需要将其从进食生物饵料转化为人工配合饲料。传统适口性转化方法存在转化率低、互相吞食严重、劳动力使用量大等一系列问题。为解决这些问题,以大口黑鲈食性特点为基础,研发了一套水流式食性驯化装置。该装置通过水流送料的方式,实现均匀性喂料,使鱼苗长势均匀,缓解"大鱼吃小鱼"的种内残食现象。同时,该装置能够实现定时、定点的自动化投喂,利于幼鱼的驯化,并且降低了劳动强度。通过现场试验,与传统食性驯化方法相比,该装置提高了幼鱼生长均匀性和成活率,减少了人工投入,显著提高了经济效益。

Largemouth bass food habit domestication device design and research of its application effect

As a kind of carnivorous fish, largemouth bass is of high economic value. When it is farmed, its food habit should be transformed from the living food into artificial diet. The traditional way of feeding domesticating has such problems as low survival rate, cannibalism and heavy workload. To solve these problems, on the basis of the food characteristics of largemouth bass, a device depending on waterflow was developed. Furthermore, the device was optimized under the guidance of the hydrodynamics calculation. The diet is taken into pond by the water current and the diet is evenly distributed on the water surface. In this way, the bass larvae grow at a similar speed, which alleviates the problem that the bigger larvae tend to eat the smaller ones. At the same time, this device can realize automatic feeding in fixed time and places, which is favorable to domesticating the larvae, and reducing labor intensity. Compared with the traditional way of farming, using the device to domesticate larvae will increase the survival rate and reduce the workload, thus significantly improve the economic benefit of farming.