电导法测定林木种子活力的研究

本文研究了林木种子电导法测定条件和测定电导率或相对电导率,通过回归分析建立电导率或相对电导率与种子活力指数的相关方程,找出了电导法测定林木种子活力的方法。     

酸碱对低活力苜蓿种子萌发及初期生长的影响

以H2SO4，HCl，HNO3及NaOH为激活荆，研究其对低活力苜蓿种子萌发及初期生长产生的影响。结果表明：不同酸碱处理及其时间不同，效果差异明显，但各处理在不同程度上均对苜蓿种子萌发和初期生长有促进作用；尤其是短时间HNO3处理，对激发苜蓿种子活力效果最佳。     

不同培养基对杏鲍菇菌丝生长的影响

比较了杏鲍菇一级种和二级种培养基配方 ,试验表明杏鲍菇一级种培养基以配方三最好 ,菌丝干重是配方七 (对照 )的 3 5倍 ,差异极显著 ;杏鲍菇二级种培养基以配方四最好 ,菌丝生长势最强 ,与供试各培养基配方相比较 ,差异均为极显著     

Agronomic performance of an IR64 introgression line with large leaves derived from New Plant Type rice in aerobic culture

Aerobic culture is a promising water-saving technology in irrigated rice ecosystems, but the vulnerability of plants to fluctuations in soil moisture constrains leaf expansion and yield. The objective of this study was to examine whether an aboveground architecture with large leaves and reduced tillering is associated with vigorous leaf growth in aerobic rice culture. In a series of field experiments, we evaluated the agronomic performance of an IR64 introgression line, YTH323 (IR84640-11-27-1-9-3-2-4-2-2-2-B), with fewer tillers and larger leaves than IR64, derived from New Plant Type rice, under various water and nitrogen conditions. In flooded culture, YTH323 yielded the same as IR64 and 38% more than IR65564-44-51 (a New Plant Type rice) (9.0 vs. 6.6 t ha⁻¹). In aerobic culture, in contrast, it yielded 81% more than IR64 in slightly dry soils (5.1 vs. 2.8 t ha⁻¹). YTH323 had a higher leaf area index than IR64 and IR65564-44-51 under slightly dry soil conditions and under a range of nitrogen conditions. The higher and more stable yield of YTH323 in aerobic culture was attributable to greater early vigor, high specific leaf area, a high ratio of leaf weight to total biomass, and larger leaves, along with the characteristics of high-yield cultivars such as high responsiveness to fertilizers and good grain filling. We conclude that genetic modification of the aboveground architecture of IR64, a typical tropical lowland rice cultivar, to reduce tiller and leaf number improves adaptation to aerobic culture.     

高粱新选不育系研究

采用不完全双列杂交、人工控制授粉和田间自然鉴定等方法,对6个中晚熟不育系和6个早熟不育系进行了配合力、柱头生活力和其他主要农艺性状鉴定.结果表明,中晚熟不育系中V_4A的一般配合力、柱头生活力、育性、熟期、对丝黑穗病的抗性等综合农艺性状表现最好;早熟不育系中1105A的一般配合力、穗长、千粒重、育性等性状表现较佳.这两个不育系可在我国高粱春播中晚熟区和早熟区加以利用.     

几种化学试剂浸种对隔年茄子种子发芽力的影响

本试验着重从发芽率、发芽势两方面入手，用不同浓度的CaCl2，Na2B4O7，（NIL）6Mo7O24，KNO3，H2O2，vc，NAA，H2NCSNH2溶液对隔年茄子种子进行浸种处理，结果表明：Cacl2，Na2B4O7，（NIL）6MOT024可以不同程度的提高茄子种子的发芽率和发芽势，浓度为16．0g／L的cach的效果最好；Na2B4O7，〈NH4）6Mo7O024的处理效果低于CaCl2且规律不明显；KNO3，H202对茄子种子的萌发没有促进作用，NAA能使幼苗的下胚轴膨大，Vc，H2NCSNH2强烈的抑制茄子种子的发芽力。     

湿度、NaCl浓度对铜仁珍珠豆型花生种子活力及发芽的影响

研究发芽床不同含水量及NaCl浓度对铜仁珍珠豆型花生种子活力及发芽的影响,试验表明,发芽床含水量从20%升高至40%,铜仁珍珠豆型花生种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数呈上升趋势,含水量继续升高至60%,三项指标呈下降趋势,40%是铜仁珍珠豆型花生最适发芽床含水量,花生发芽各项指标达到最高。用NaCl溶液处理种子,浓度从0mol/L升高至0.5mol/L,花生种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数三项指标表现出先急剧后缓慢又急剧下降的趋势。     

亚麻根系活力与主要农艺性状的相关性研究

对亚麻根系活力与地上部主要农艺性状进行了研究,结果表明:亚麻根系的还原强度以枞形期至现蕾期最高,以后逐渐递减,其中上段根递减最快,其次为中段根,下段根比较平稳。在枞形期和快速生长期,上段和中段根的还原强度分别比下段根高出37.78%~84.6%和20.40%~45.39%,进入成铃期,三段根的还原强度几乎无差异。还原强度与单株果数、单株粒重、单株花朵数呈高度正相关,与结实率呈负相关,根系干重的增长符合Log istic生长方程,根系干重与平均增长速率、渐增期增长速率、快增期增长速率呈极显著正相关,与增长期长短关系不显著,根系干重与单株果实数,单株粒重,单株花朵数呈极显著正相关,与结实率呈显著负相关。     

Growth,yield and fruit quality of ‘Marisol’ clementine grown on four rootstocks in Egypt

To evaluate the most appropriate rootstocks for mandarin production in Egypt, vegetative growth, yield and fruit quality of ‘Marisol’ clementine (as newly introduced cultivar in Egypt) grafted on Sour orange (the common rootstock), Cleopatra mandarin, Carrizo citrange and ‘Swingle’ citrumelo were evaluated under the Egyptian conditions during 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 seasons. Trees were grown in a private farm at ‘Wady El-Mullak’ region, Ismailia Governorate (Latitude, 30°36′ N; longitude, 32°14′ E; Altitude, 10 m above sea level).     

水稻超高产育种的理论和方法

 水稻超高产育种是当前世界性的热门课题，也是难题。现在我国人口已近十二亿，水稻是我国粮食生产的大头。高产更高产，难度越来越大。它的超高产育种，既无现成的理论和方法可循，就只能摸索前进。本文试图将几十年来多少人的汗水心血所凝成的宝贵经验，全面加以分析整理，藉以进一步完善过去所提出的理想株形与优势利用相结合的大方向，优化性状组配以及杂交后代选择标准等理论和方法，以供国内外同行参考试用。