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1.
Currently, very few aquaculture operations are employing airlift pump technology for water recirculation, aeration, and waste removal. This is likely due to the poor design and lower efficiency of traditional airlift design, the limited amount of research effort that has been invested in improving performance capabilities of air lift pumps and the general lack of awareness of the industry about the inherent advantages of airlift systems. A new efficient airlift pump is hydrodynamically designed by incorporating the Volume of Fluid (VOF) multi-phase model along with the K-ε turbulence model utilizing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools. The pump is designed to offer a substantial reduction in total energy usage as well as an improved quality of the culture products in order to make it attractive to aquaculture industry. In this study, both numerical and experimental investigations were carried out for airlift systems operating under two different submergence ratios of 50% and 90% in a lab setting using 2.54 cm diameter pumps. Also, the performance of a large-scale pumps of 10.16 cm diameters were also tested in an aquaculture raceway to determine its effect on the operation. The numerical results were found to be in agreement with the experiments within ±20% which is considered very reasonable for multiphase flow analysis. The present study was found to present a great tool for modelling the airlift pump performance, and potentially proposing new designs. 相似文献
2.
【目的】得到含刚性沉水植物明渠的水流结构。【方法】采用粒子图像测速仪(PIV),用有机玻璃棒模拟刚性植物,在不同来水流量、植物密度条件下对明渠水流结构进行了试验研究。【结果】无植物时平均流速沿垂向呈对数分布规律,有植物时则呈现明显的分区分布特性。无植物时紊动强度值沿垂向变化不大,有植物时在植物顶端位置处紊动最剧烈。流量或植物密度越大,植物顶端位置的流速梯度就越大,植物层上方的流速最大值也越大。植物密度越大,植物顶端位置的紊动强度越大,植物密度对水流紊动强度由最大值减小到最小值的区域影响很大。【结论】刚性沉水植物的存在会改变水流结构,增强紊动掺混,增强流体质点交换和能量传递,且上述影响会随着流量或植物密度的增大而增强。 相似文献
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Abstract – The reproductive biology of three species of rainbowfish (Melanotaeniidae) in northeastern Australian rainforest streams was investigated. Two species, Melanotaenia eachamensis and Cairnsichthys rhombosomoides are endemic to the area, whereas the third, M. splendida splendida, is more widespread. The species were all highly fecund, producing many hundreds of eggs between 1.10 and 1.24 mm in diameter. Melanotaenia eachamensis was the most fecund, produced the largest eggs of the three species, and consequently exhibited the greatest maternal investment (as measured by gonadosomatic index). The majority of reproductive effort occurred during the dry season, although reproductively active fish were present year-round for each of the species, but particularly so for M. s. splendida and C. rhombosomoides. No evidence for a role by temperature or photoperiod as environmental cues for reproduction was found, and it was suggested that gonad development was strongly tied to somatic growth. The concentration of reproduction to the dry season ensures that larvae are produced during a period of relatively stable and benign physical conditions. Comparison of temporal changes in gonadosomatic index values suggest that the spawning season of M. eachamensis , which occurs in high-elevation streams, is more restricted and commences about 1 month earlier than either other species. A similar phenology was observed for the M. s. splendida population found at high elevation and highlights the potential for spatial differences in stream productivity to influence life history. Note 相似文献
5.
以单猪屎豆碱(MO)、槲皮素(QU)和环磷酰胺(CY)为参照,观察了狗舌草600mL/L乙醇提取物(EX)对淋巴细胞性白血病L1210细胞体外试验的形态变化;利用流式细胞术,从DNA分子水平上检查了EX对L1210细胞各周期相的影响,探讨EX对L1210细胞的分化机理。结果发现,EX能够使L1210细胞向淋巴细胞方向发展;经EX作用24h后,L1210细胞G0+G1期的百分比较对照组明显升高。提示EX对L1210细胞增殖的抑制作用可能是由于G1期的阻滞所致。 相似文献
6.
杨雨行 《北京林业大学学报》1995,(1)
依据航片判读、森林资源调查资料和水文数据,利用流域自身对比法,得出森林变化对河川径流泥沙的定量关系。文中还阐明本方法的技术关键——消除降雨量不同对水沙的影响.该方法具有适合我国国情、费小效宏、精度较高、简捷易行等优点,值得推广提倡。 相似文献
7.
8.
Traffic has a considerable effect on population and community dynamics through the disruption and fragmentation of habitat
and traffic mortality. This paper deals with a systematic way to acquire knowledge about the probabilities of successful road
crossing by mammals and what characteristics affect this traversability. We derive a model from traffic flow theory to estimate
traffic mortality in mammals related to relevant road, traffic and species characteristics. The probability of successful
road crossing is determined by the pavement width of the road, traffic volume, traversing speed of the mammals and their body
length. We include the traversability model in a simple two-patch population model to explore the effects of these road, traffic
and species characteristics on population dynamics. Analysis of the models show that, for our parameter ranges, traffic volume
and traversing speed have the largest effect on traffic mortality. The population size is especially negatively affected when
roads have to be crossed during the daily movements. These predictions could be useful to determine the expected effectiveness
of mitigating measures relative to the current situation. Mitigating measures might alter the road and traffic characteristics.
The effects of these changes on traffic mortality and population dynamics could be analysed by calculating the number of traffic
victims before and after the mitigating measures.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
9.
10.
热技术方法测算树木茎流的发展及应用 总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23
热技术方法根据其设计原理可分为热脉冲法、热平衡法、热扩散法和激光热脉冲法.回顾利用热技术方法测算树木茎流的历史,概述热技术方法的产生和发展过程,重点论述4种热技术方法的设计原理、最新研究成果和概况,及实际应用中需注意的问题.基于热技术法的特殊优点,对其拓展性应用前景进行了展望:应用热技术方法对林木耗水进行尺度扩展,扩展模型中主导环境因子的导入,不同树种群体耗水量的估测等难点问题的深入研究和解决,将推动热技术理论和研究方法的进步.对现有的研究成果和研究目标进行分析认为,热扩散方法将成为未来几年研究树木液流的重要测算方法. 相似文献