泰勒焦虫重组蛋白 TaSP-Tams1-SPAG1间接ELISA 检测方法的建立

以真核表达的焦虫表面抗原重组蛋白 TaSP-Tams1-SPAG1作为 ELISA 板包被抗原,通过方阵实验确定抗原包被浓度,探索抗原包被时间、温度、一抗及二抗血清稀释度及作用时间,建立牛环形泰勒焦虫表面抗原重组蛋白 ELISA 方法.结果得出 TaSP-Tams1-SPAG1的最佳包被浓度为10μg/mL,血清最佳稀释度为1∶100, ELISA 阳性反应的临界值为 OD 492nm ≥0．348,重复试验变异系数小于12％,所建立的 ELISA 方法不与牛巴贝斯虫及牛瑟氏泰勒虫血清发生反应.TaSP-Tams1-SPAG1为抗原建立的 ELISA 方法特异性强,敏感度高,重复性好,为牛环形泰勒焦虫病的准确检测及防治提供技术支持.     

秦川牛ADIG基因重组腺病毒过表达载体的构建与病毒包装

【目的】构建秦川牛ADIG基因的重组腺病毒载体,包装并扩繁病毒,为下一步研究该基因在脂肪细胞分化过程中的分子作用机制和相关信号通路奠定基础。【方法】根据NCBI收录的家牛ADIG基因(NM_001113720.1)mRNA序列设计引物,以秦川牛组织样提取的总RNA反转录而成的cDNA为模板,通过RT-PCR和PCR扩增获得目的基因,将其连接到pMD19-T Simple载体并测序。质粒提取纯化后通过BglⅡ与SalⅠ双酶切,然后胶回收酶切产物,将其连接到穿梭载体pAdTrack/CMV上,构建重组穿梭质粒pAdTrack/CMV-ADIG。将pAdTrack/CMV-ADIG质粒用PmeⅠ酶切线性化,转化含有腺病毒骨架载体pAdEasy-1的大肠杆菌BJ5183感受态细胞中进行同源重组,构建重组腺病毒质粒pAD-ADIG,并用PacⅠ酶切鉴定,提取质粒后转化大肠杆菌Top10进行扩繁。用PacⅠ酶切线性化pAD-ADIG载体并回收质粒大片段,转染293A细胞进行病毒包装,然后完成病毒扩繁和病毒滴度的测定。【结果】PCR扩增获得了399bp ADIG基因CDS区;成功构建了重组穿梭质粒pAdTrack/CMVADIG和重组腺病毒质粒pAD-ADIG。经检测,ADIG重组腺病毒包装成功,扩繁后得到了高滴度的腺病毒(1×108PFU/mL)。【结论】成功构建了秦川牛ADIG基因的重组腺病毒表达载体pAD-ADIG,完成了病毒包装和扩繁。     

8株分离自四川、贵州地区猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒毒株的全基因组特征分析

本研究旨在了解近年来我国四川、贵州地区猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）的分子流行病学及遗传变异情况,对该地区2016—2018年间采集的8份PRRSV阳性样品进行病毒分离鉴定和全基因组测序,进一步使用RDP4和Simplot生物软件对全基因序列进行重组分析。结果显示,8个PRRSV毒株全基组全长为15 010~15 321 nt,毒株间相似性为80.9%~91.7%。NSP2氨基酸分析结果显示,4个毒株表现出与HP-PRRSV毒株一致的30 aa缺失,另外4株表现出与NADC30毒株一致的131 aa缺失。其中,GZgy17表现为“1+19+29 aa”新型缺失模式。ORF5氨基酸分析显示,3个毒株在33位点出现新型的1 aa缺失。遗传重组分析显示,8个毒株表现出PRRSV-2毒株6种不同谱系（Lineage）间的重组方式,分别如下：1） SCnj16：L8+L1;2） SCxyz17：L1+L5;3） SCya18：L1+L3;4） GZgy17：L8+L3;5） SCcd17和SCN17：L1+L8+L5;6） SCcd16和SCya17：L1+L8+L3。本研究结果表明,我国四川、贵州地区不仅有多种谱系PRRSV毒株并存,其基因组还出现了复杂的遗传重组现象,具有上述复杂基因组的PRRSV毒株在我国的流行状况值得高度关注。     

转基因植物中删除选择标记基因的研究进展

选择标记基因广泛应用于植物转基因工程中,然而这些基于除草剂和抗生素类抗性选择标记基因的利用,在转基因筛选和鉴定完成后功能多余。当前转基因植物的标记基因及相关产物对环境污染和食用安全的潜在影响,已经引起了人们的广泛关注。随着转基因技术的不断发展和人们对转基因植物和食品安全性的关注,删除转基因植物中的选择标记基因非常重要。文章着重讨论了植物转基因过程中,选择标记基因的利用,删除选择标记基因的几种方法,包括共转化法、位点特异性重组、染色体内重组、转座子介导的重组、删除叶绿体转化中选择标记基因,以及无选择标记基因植株的直接再生等。同时,还对这些技术的发展作了展望。     

Occurrence of 2n gametes in the F1 hybrids of Oriental × Asiatic lilies (Lilium): Relevance to intergenomic recombination and backcrossing

Cytological modes of the origin of 2n gametes were investigated in six different genotypes of F₁ hybrids between Oriental and Asiatic (OA) lilies (Lilium, 2n = 2x = 24). Chromosome pairing between the parental genomes was very low, the average frequency range from 0.3 to 1.2 bivalents per cell among the genotypes. Within a genotype the frequency of bivalents varied from 0 to 6 in some cases. The normally occurring haploid pollen grains were totally sterile. In contrast, in different genotypes, variable percentages of 2n pollen were found and shown to be fertile as estimated from pollen germination. A cytological analysis of Metaphase I and subsequent stages of meiosis using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) revealed that there was intergenomic recombination between the alien genomes. Following Metaphase I stage, three different types of abnormal cytological events led to the formation of 2n pollen: (i) Post-Metaphase I division (PMI), (ii) Post-Metaphase II division (PMII) and (iii) Asymmetric Cytokinesis of the pollen mother cell followed by chromosome division. All three cytological events led to first division restitution (FDR) gametes. Based on in vitro pollen germination it was proved for two genotypes that 2n pollen was viable only during the first day of anthesis. It was possible to use 2n pollen successfully for backcrossing. Implications of 2n pollen for intergenomic recombination in BC₁ progenies are discussed.     

八家子林业局林场实行撤并重组的探讨

根据森工企业森林资源现状和实行限额采伐的现实,对林场规模、布局进行了研究分析。目前,林场只有实行撤并重组、科学规划、讲求效益,才能推进森工企业体制改革和实现林业可持续发展。     

Malvastrum leaf curl Guangdong virus is a distinct monopartite begomovirus

Virus isolates GD6, GD7, GD8, GD9 and GD10 were obtained from Malvastrum coromandelianum showing leaf curl symptoms in Guangdong Province of China. A specific 500 bp product was consistently detected in total DNA extracts, amplified with universal primers specific for members of the genus Begomovirus. Analysis of their partial DNA sequences revealed that they are isolates of the same begomovirus species, sharing 92·8%–97·1% nucleotide sequence identity. The complete DNA sequences of both GD6 and GD9 were found to be 2767 nucleotides, with all the characteristic features of begomovirus genome organization. The two isolates have less than 85·2% nucleotide sequence identity with other reported begomoviruses. Consequently, GD6 and GD9 are considered to be isolates of a novel begomovirus species, for which the name Malvastrum leaf curl Guangdong virus (MLCuGdV) is proposed. Sequence analyses suggest that MLCuGdV may have arisen by recombination between viruses related to Papaya leaf curl China virus , Tomato leaf curl Philippines virus and other undiscovered virus ancestors. Neither the DNA-B component nor the DNAβ molecule associated with these begomovirus isolates was found. An infectious clone of GD6 was constructed. GD6 efficiently infected Nicotiana benthamiana , N. glutinosa and Petunia hybrida by agro-inoculation, and Malvastrum coromandelianum by whitefly transmission, inducing leaf curling, vein swelling and stunting symptoms. GD6 was also infectious in N. tabacum , but did not induce observable disease symptoms.     

玉米和水稻全基因组控制重组频率QTL的遗传定位分析

 【目的】尝试利用分子标记和QTL定位技术直接定位影响重组频率的QTL,探索物种遗传变异难易的分子基础。【方法】分别借助3张玉米和3张水稻分子标记连锁图,以所有染色体上标记的交换次数为性状进行分析。【结果】分别定位了7个和11个影响玉米和水稻重组频率的QTL。以玉米和水稻高密度分子标记连锁图IBM302和Genetic98每条染色体上标记的交换次数为性状,分别在玉米和水稻上定位了12个和57个QTL。【结论】影响重组频率的基因真实存在。培育高重组频率材料将有助于加速基因的定位和克隆、比较图位克隆基因和遗传育种进程。     

猪瘟病毒E2基因在百脉根叶绿体基因组中定点整合载体的构建

 【目的】构建猪瘟病毒主要抗原E2基因在百脉根叶绿体基因组中定点转化载体，为百脉根叶绿体的转化及用叶绿体生产动物可直接食用疫苗奠定基础。【方法】通过用BLAST、DNAMAN等分子生物学分析软件对百脉根叶绿体基因组序列进行分析选定同源重组片段，采用PCR、分子克隆技术进行载体构建和鉴定。【结果】在百脉根叶绿体基因组中选择合适的外源基因整合位点，设计引物用PCR扩增叶绿体同源片段，将同源片段克隆后，构建百脉根特异的叶绿体转化载体；构建的百脉根叶绿体定点转化载体pAKE2以扩增的1.35 kb psbA 和1.5 kb trnK两段相邻叶绿体 DNA为定点整合外源基因的同源重组片段，包含以叶绿体基因特异强启动子Prrn和终止子TpsbA为调控序列的E2基因表达盒和aadA壮观霉素抗性基因表达盒。【结论】经PCR和酶切验证，所构建的转化载体符合预期设计。叶绿体转化及后续工作目前正在进行之中。