CLIMEX-GIS预测大豆北方茎溃疡病菌在中国的潜在分布

大豆北方茎溃疡病菌是大豆的重要病原菌,广泛分布于世界主要大豆产区,造成严重的产量和品质损失。本文应用生物模型CLIMEX结合GIS软件预测大豆北方茎溃疡病菌在中国的适生区,并根据EI值划分相应的适生等级。结果表明,大豆北方茎溃疡病菌在我国绝大部分地区适合生长,其中东北地区、华北地区和云贵高原地区处于中适生区或高适生区。该菌在我国还未报道,通过分析其在我国潜在分布区对于防止病菌的传入、传播和蔓延有重要的检疫意义。     

Effect of Date of Planting, Genotype and Source of Seed on Disease Incidence, Yield, and Agronomic Performance of Soybean

Four soybean genotypes chosen from four seed sources were planted in a factorial arrangement on four dates in a split-plot design at the Alabama A & M Experimental Station on a Decatur silt clay loam soil. The highest vigor index was recorded from seeds harvested from the 4th date of planting. These seeds had the lowest level of Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora infection, indicating that vigor index, as a measurement of seed quality, was negatively correlated with the level of infection by soybean stem canker pathogen. Seed yield was highest at the 2nd date of planting and lowest at the 4th date of planting. Tracy-M and Bedford confirmed previous reports on their resistance and susceptibility, respectively, to soybean stem canker. All the genotypes performed their best at the 2nd date of planting. Source of seeds appeared to have little effect on the performance of the plant in the field.     

基于MAXENT的大豆南北方茎溃疡病菌在中国适生区的预测

利用MAXENT生态位模型和GIS系统,对大豆南北方茎溃疡病菌在我国的适生区进行预测.模型分析结果表明,这两种病菌在我国的潜在适生区域广泛.大豆北方茎溃疡病菌除了我国的宁夏、海南省外,其它省市均有该菌的适生分布区,其中适生等级高的地区主要在江苏、安徽、浙江、上海、江西和湖北6省.大豆南方茎溃疡病菌除了宁夏、青海、西藏外,我国的其它地区均为该菌的潜在适生区域,其中适生等级高的地区主要集中在江西、上海、江苏、安徽、浙江、河南以及陕西南部、四川东部和重庆的部分地区.     

基于MAXENT的大豆南北方茎溃疡病菌在中国适生区的预测

利用MAXENT生态位模型和GIS系统,对大豆南北方茎溃疡病菌在我国的适生区进行预测.模型分析结果表明,这两种病菌在我国的潜在适生区域广泛.大豆北方茎溃疡病菌除了我国的宁夏、海南省外,其它省市均有该菌的适生分布区,其中适生等级高的地区主要在江苏、安徽、浙江、上海、江西和湖北6省.大豆南方茎溃疡病菌除了宁夏、青海、西藏外,我国的其它地区均为该菌的潜在适生区域,其中适生等级高的地区主要集中在江西、上海、江苏、安徽、浙江、河南以及陕西南部、四川东部和重庆的部分地区.     

大豆茎溃疡病菌TaqMan MGB探针实时荧光PCR检测

 The technique of TaqMan MGB real-time fluorescent PCR was established to detect Diaporthe phaseolorum var.caulivora (DPC) and D. phaseolorum var.meridionalis (DPM). The primers and TaqMan MGB probes were designed based on the ITS of DPC, DPM, D. phaseolorum var. sojae and Phomopsis longicolla. A series of genomic DNA dilution were used to detect sensitivity of the technique, the results showed that the limits of detection for DPM and DPC were 7 fg/μL and 6 fg/μL DNA respectively.     

美国进境大豆北方茎溃疡病菌的分离与鉴定

在对美国进境大豆检疫过程中,对大豆籽粒和夹带茎秆进行病原真菌的分离培养,使用形态学和分子生物学相结合的方法对可疑菌株进行鉴定,确定该菌为Diaporthe phaseolorum(Cke.&; Ell.)Sacc.var.caulivora Athow &; Caldwell。该病原菌是进境植物检疫潜在危险性病原真菌,在国内属首次截获。     

大豆北方茎溃疡病菌分离鉴定技术的改进

本文对产生大豆北方茎溃疡病菌子囊壳的豆秆分别进行冷冻和水浸处理,发现2种处理均能促进成熟的子囊壳产孢,并且同一子囊壳经冷冻和水浸处理能够多次喷出子囊,释放子囊孢子,利用此特性有利于在不损失鉴定材料的前提下,多次获得分离物以完成病菌的分离鉴定,特别利于伴生其他真菌和子囊壳数量很少情况下,分离纯化大豆北方茎溃疡病菌。