A releaser pheromone that attracts methyltestosterone- treated immature fish in the urine of ovulated female rainbow trout

SUMMARY: Behavioral experiments concerning a releaser pheromone in the urine of female rainbow trout were performed using immature fish administered orally with 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) during the non-spawning season. The urine was collected by catheter. The frequency of entries of test fish was recorded in each channel scented by test and control solutions in a Y-maze trough. The behavior of both MT-treated and control fish demonstrated that they could not discriminate the differences between distilled and environmental water as control solutions. There was also no difference between MT-treated and control fish when distilled and environmental water were introduced. The MT-treated immature fish were attracted to the channel scented by ovulated female urine. Neither coelomic fluid nor the immature female urine had any effect on the behavioral responses of MT-treated fish, while immature control fish had no preference for the urine of ovulated females. These results suggest in rainbow trout that ovulated female urine contains a releaser pheromone to attract mature males, and that androgens are involved in the sensory mechanisms detecting the releaser pheromone in fish.     

性引诱剂用于蔬菜害虫的预测预报和发生规律研究

小菜蛾、斜纹夜蛾、甜菜夜蛾是蔬菜上的重要害虫，应用三种性引诱剂预测预报三虫，具有灵敏高度、高峰清晰、规律清楚、省工省时等特点。     

果蝇引诱物的引诱效果与杨梅甜度、反光率的关系

经室内筛选,得到一果蝇引诱物,并对其进行田间引诱效果试验。结果发现,在杨梅逐渐成熟至干枯过程中,杨梅甜度先增加后减少,反光率越来越低,果蝇引诱物的引诱效果则呈现先升高后降低再升高的趋势。     

食物诱剂和粘胶型球形诱捕器协同防治柑橘大实蝇 效果调查

食物诱剂诱杀成虫是目前防治柑橘大实蝇的最主要措施,但是效果受施药期间的天气制约,周边山林多的橘园防治效果不稳定,5月下旬加挂诱蝇球,能够弥补其不足,提高防治效果。示范区加挂诱蝇球后,大实蝇虫果率显著下降,基本上达到防治标准。     

生物食诱剂对山东省莒南县花生田夜蛾科成虫监测与诱杀效果的初步评价

在山东莒南县花生田利用生物食诱剂和性诱剂对常见夜蛾科害虫成虫进行虫情监测,并对食诱剂防控夜蛾科害虫的效果进行研究。食诱剂和性诱剂监测结果表明,花生田棉铃虫、甜菜夜蛾、斜纹夜蛾、黄地老虎、小地老虎等夜蛾科害虫成虫的发生高峰期均出现在7月12日;性诱剂仅能诱捕到雄性成虫,食诱剂可同时诱捕到雌性和雄性成虫,其诱捕到的棉铃虫、甜菜夜蛾、斜纹夜蛾、地老虎雌雄比分别为1∶0.68、1∶5、1∶3和1∶1.4。食诱剂撒施、化学防治、食诱剂诱捕盒技术与化学防治组合处理后第10天花生叶片受害率分别为9.51%、6.73%、6.24%,百株虫量较对照降低68.68%、76.39%、85.87%,食诱剂诱捕盒技术与化学防治组合应用防控效果优良。     

4种不同性诱剂对玉米草地贪夜蛾诱集作用

为准确掌握草地贪夜蛾成虫发生动态,筛选对当地种群专一性强、灵敏度高的性诱剂,对深圳百乐宝生物农业科技有限公司(BLB)、宁波纽康生物技术有限公司(NK)、江苏宁录科技股份有限公司(NL)、南京新安中绿生物科技有限公司(XAZL)4个厂家生产的草地贪夜蛾性诱剂在江苏盐城市大丰区进行田间诱捕效果试验,探讨草地贪夜蛾性诱剂的使用技术。结果表明:4种不同性诱剂诱芯对草地贪夜蛾的诱集效果存在明显差异。BLB诱芯和NL诱芯可以有效监测草地贪夜蛾成虫田间发生动态,羽化高峰期明显,且峰值日期一致,NK诱芯诱集的成虫虫峰不明显,XAZL诱芯零星诱到成虫,无明显成虫高峰;BLB诱芯监测期内日均诱蛾量、最高单次诱蛾量、总诱蛾量均显著高于其他3种诱芯,其总诱蛾量达136.75头,分别是NL诱芯、NK诱芯、XAZL诱芯的1.47倍、4.76倍、10.52倍;通过对BLB诱芯进行持续30 d和持续60 d的诱捕对比试验,发现BLB诱芯1~30 d内诱捕性能稳定,诱蛾量大,31~60 d内日均诱蛾量、最高单次诱蛾量、总诱蛾量均有所下降且达显著水平,尤其是50 d后诱捕量下降明显。结果表明:BLB诱芯的诱蛾量大,能够明显反映出草地贪夜蛾的羽化高峰期,符合测报要求,更适合本地区草地贪夜蛾的监测,使用该诱芯时建议30 d更换1次。     

3种引诱剂对松褐天牛成虫引诱效果比较

为了更好地对松褐天牛成虫进行监测和诱杀,在遂昌地区的马尾松林及贮木场内利用3种不同引诱剂对松褐天牛进行诱捕对比试验。结果表明,3种引诱剂对松褐天牛都有较好的引诱效果,但差异显著。其中,APF-Ⅰ型引诱剂的效果最好,F1型引诱剂次之,ST-2型最弱。试验期共诱捕到松褐天牛成虫4 979头,其中雌成虫4 134头,雄成虫845头,雌雄比为1∶0.204。所诱捕到的雌虫数量是雄虫的4.89倍,差异显著(P=0.045,t=-4.551)。引诱剂捕获松褐天牛的高峰期为6月中旬至8月中旬,6月至8月份降雨量及气温对松褐天牛成虫诱捕规律产生较大影响。本研究为遂昌地区松褐天牛成虫的防治提供了科学依据。     

Development of plant‐based diets and the evaluation of dietary attractants for juvenile Florida pompano,Trachinotus carolinus L.

Sustainable and profitable commercial aquaculture production of marine fish species is dependent on the development of sustainable protein sources as substitutes for expensive animal meals such as fishmeal (FM). Previous Florida pompano Trachinotus carolinus studies have indicated that poultry by‐product meal (PBM) and meat and bone meal can be used to produce a FM‐free diet if suitable levels of nutrients (such as taurine) are included in the diets. In this study, we attempted to develop an all‐plant protein diet by removing the animal proteins in practical diets for pompano by substituting back select ingredients. A series of eight FM‐free diets were formulated, four systematically replaced soybean meal (SBM) with soy protein concentrate (SPC) and four replaced PBM with SPC. Based on the results, there is no clear disadvantage to the use of SPC as a replacement for SBM. However, the complete removal of PBM resulted in reduced performance. Two additional growth trials were conducted to supplement additional amino acids including glycine, valine and histidine, a proprietary chemical attractant mix, fish protein concentrate and squid hydrolysate to improve the growth of pompano when fed all‐plant protein diets. The only improvement in performance occurred with the squid hydrolysate. These results demonstrate that using soybean meal, soy protein concentrate and corn gluten meal as the primary protein sources, a plant‐based feed formulation can be developed, but the removal of all animal proteins is not yet feasible.     

缓释型引诱剂诱杀松墨天牛成虫效果试验

2 a试验结果表明:缓释型引诱剂诱杀松墨天牛效果与M99型引诱剂相当,诱到的松墨天牛雌性比相同,可真实地反映林间松墨天牛种群数量变化动态,并且药效延长至1个月。建议进一步完善药剂性能,稳定剂型,投入工业化生产,以便大面积推广应用。