稠李巢蛾生物学特性研究

稠李巢蛾是一种食叶害虫,以幼虫取食嫩芽、嫩叶为害,在海拉尔地区1年发生1代.主要为害稠李、杜梨、苹果等植物的叶片.以幼龄幼虫在卵壳覆盖物下越冬.     

新疆额敏县野果林苹果巢蛾主要寄生蜂调查

近年来,新疆塔城地区额敏县野果林遭受苹果巢蛾Yponomeuta padella Linnaeus的严重危害,造成重大经济损失.为寻找其有效天敌,保护这些珍贵的果树资源,2008-2009年,对额敏县野果林苹果巢蛾的寄生性天敌资源展开了调查.通过野外采集及室内饲养,发现了寄生于该害虫卵、幼虫及蛹的3种寄生蜂,即:卵-幼虫跨期寄生蜂--巢蛾多胚跳小蜂Ageniaspis fuscicollis(Dalman),蛹期寄生蜂-黄柄齿腿长尾小蜂Monodontomerusdentipes(Dalman)和幼虫-蛹跨期寄生蜂--全北群瘤姬蜂指名亚种Iseropus stercorator stercorator(Fabricius);其中巢蛾多胚跳小蜂为优势种,寄生率可达95.98%.本研究为苹果巢蛾的生物防治奠定了基础.     

四种杀虫剂对扶芳藤上稠李巢蛾的室内毒力测定

采用叶片浸渍法,利用4种杀虫剂对稠李巢蛾的进行室内毒力测定,以期筛选高效、低毒的有效药剂,指导在扶芳藤上的稠李巢蛾的防治。结果表明:药剂处理24和48h后的室内毒力结果基本相同,稠李巢蛾幼虫对供试药剂的敏感程度依次为:1.8%阿维菌素乳油200g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂氯40%毒死蜱乳油0.3%印楝素乳油,其对稠李巢蛾3龄幼虫24和48h的LC50分别为1.96、7.18、12.53、276.46mg/L和1.19、1.03、6.30、184.40mg/L。建议在生产上采用阿维菌素和氯虫苯甲酰胺防治稠李巢蛾。     

稠李巢蛾的发生与防治

调查发现,陕西秦岭部分地区有稠李巢蛾分布。阐述了陕西秦岭稠李巢蛾分布区的气候特点及自然地理概况,以及该虫的形态特征与生物学习性。并结合在大兴安岭地区的发生及防治措施,提出了在陕西省今后的研究方向及防治建议。建议采取有力措施,谨防这一次要害虫上升为主要害虫。     

从性信息素特征谱看苹果巢蛾的演化

以原始材料为基础，分析了苹果巢蛾（Ｙｐｏｎｏｍｅｕｔａｐａｄｅｌａ）性信息素特征谱的主要特点，提出了“性信息素特征谱分子量”这一术语进一步阐述了昆虫性信息素中主、次级成份的意义，即主级成分主要起保持种间生殖隔离的作用，而次级成分则有在交尾前保持种群内或种内生殖隔离的功效。单个雌蛾都有自己独特而稳定的性信息素特征谱；不同个体间的性信息素特征谱有显著差异，这种差异主要是由性信息素中次级成分的变异所引起的。根据个体间性信息素特征谱的差异可以将苹果巢蛾种群划分成三个类群，据此推断出苹果巢蛾的演化历史及其与近缘种的亲缘关系。     

沈阳地区苹果巢蛾寄生天敌研究：Ⅰ.姬蜂科

报道了沈阳地区寄生苹果巢娥的３种姬蜂：棕角巢娥姬蜂（辽宁新记录）、桑蟥聚瘤姬蜂、舞毒蛾黑瘤姬蜂，并分别列出了各个种的主要寄主和分布。     

Biology and predation rate of the sarcophagid fly,Agria mamillata a predator of European small ermine moths

Abstract

The biology of the univoltine, predatory sarcophagid fly Agria mamillata (Pandellé) was studied in a population of Yponomeuta evonymellus(L.) (Yponomeutidae) attacking Prunuspadus L. in the Valais, Switzerland. Clarification of the literature records suggests that A. mamillata is oligophagus, attacking five Yponomeuta species in the Palaearctic. The adult flies emerged in May. The presence of host odour was advantageous to elicit mating. After a preoviposition period of 19 days, the ovolarviparous females deposited eggs/first instar larvae on the cuticle of late fifth instar prey larvae, or on cocoons of prey pupae. The potential fecundity averaged 40 eggs per female. Reid data indicated that females of the predator laid more eggs in tents with higher prey density. Larval development lasted 11 days. Rain stimulates mature predator larvae to leave the tents of Y. evonymellus to pupate in the soil. Pupation was observed between early July and mid August. Predation rates ( = number of prey eaten per predator) were estimated from laboratory food consumption tests and from the number of predator larvae and predated cocoons in prey tents in the field. It was shown that a single predator consumed an average of five Y. evonymellus individuals. Field data indicated that predation rates cannot increase with higher numbers of prey available. It was shown that the number of prey eaten per predator decrease with higher predator densities per tent in the field.     

稠李巢蛾丝巢和幼虫空间分布型的研究

稠李巢蛾是一种重要的食叶害虫，主要危害稠李、苹果、卫矛、樱桃等植物。Cassie指标、扩散系数、丛生指数和M*/M的计算结果表明：稠李巢蛾丝巢和幼虫的空间分布格局为聚集分布，聚集的基本单位为个体群；丝巢在树冠上的分布格局为聚集分布型，幼虫在丝巢中的分布格局为聚集分布型，聚集的程度不高，并有向随机分布变化的趋势。