中国七省（区）剑属线虫的分类学研究

从中国七省（区）采集的５６０份植物根围土样中查见了４种剑属线虫，经鉴定分别为Ｘｉｐｈｉｎｅｍａｂｒｅｖｉｃｏｌｌｅ，Ｘ。ｉｎｓｉｇｎｅ，Ｘ．ｈｕｎａｎｉｅｎｓｅ，，其中前３种属国内新记录种。对４种剑线虫有关群体的形态测计特征及其地理分布和寄生种类进行了记述，并对Ｘ．ｂｒｅｖｉｃｏｌｌｅ的群体间形态变异和Ｘ．ｈｕｎａｎｉｅｎｓｅ的种诊断特征进行了讨论。     

Morphology and Taxonomy of Xiphinema(Nematoda:Longidoridae) Occurring in Arkansas,USA

In a survey, primarily from the rhizosphere of hardwood trees growing on sandy stream banks, for longidorids, 828 soil samples were collected from 37 Arkansas counties in 1999-2001. One hundred twenty-seven populations of Xiphinema were recovered from 452 of the 828 soil samples (54.6%), including 71 populations of X. americanum sensu lato, 33 populations of X. bakeri, 23 populations of X. chambersi and one population of X. krugi. The morphological and morphometric characteristics of these Arkansas species are presented. Morphological and morphometric characteristics are also given for two populations of X. krugi from Hawaii and North Carolina.     

进口盆景截获克鲁克剑线虫

对进口香港盆景检疫中发现的剑线虫进行的研究,记述了我国线虫新记录种克鲁克剑线虫Ｘｉｐｈｉｎｅｍａｋｒｕｇｉ,对剑属线虫的检疫及鉴定方法进行了总结和研讨。     

Some coat protein constituents from strawberry latent ringspot virus expressed in transgenic tobacco protect plants against systematic invasion following root inoculation by nematode vectors

The coding sequences in RNA2 for the coat proteins (CP) of strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRSV) were modified and amplified using polymerase chain amplification reactions (PCR) to facilitate their expression inAgrobacterium tumefaciens-transformedNicotiana tabacum Xanthi-nc. The coding sequences for the smaller capsid protein (S, 29kDa) and that for the theoretical precursor of L and S (P, 73kDa) had ATG initiation codon sequences added at the 5-proximal Ser/Gly (S/G) cleavage site in the unmodified sequence. The sequence coding for the larger of the two proteins of mature SLRSV capsids (L, 44kDa) had an ATG codon added at its 5 S/G site and a TAG stop codon sequence added at the 3-proximal S/G site. The P, L and S proteins were expressedin planta to a maximum concentration of 0.01 % of total extractable proteins but did not assemble into virus-like particles. When challenged by mechanical inoculation with virus particles or viral RNA, and compared with control plants, tobacco plants (primary transgenic clones or S1 and S2, kanamycin-resistant seedlings) expressing the virus capsid subunits separately, or their precursor, decreased the accumulation of SLRSV particles in inoculated leaves and fewer plants became invaded systemically. In experiments in which the roots of seedlings were exposed to SLRSV-carrying vector nematodes (Xiphinema diversicaudatum), SLRSV was detected in the roots of non-transformed control tobacco plants (6/20) and in transgenic tobacco expressing the L protein (7/40), but not in any of 25 tobacco plants expressing the S protein or in 35 expressing the P protein. This is the second example of CP-mediated resistance to virus inoculation by nematode vectors.     

台湾进境罗汉松根际土壤中锐尾剑线虫的鉴定

2010年1月,广东检验检疫技术中心从台湾进境的罗汉松根际土壤中分离到一种剑线虫。该虫虫体长度中等,约1.8mm,齿尖针长82.6~88.6μm,齿托长45.8~50.7μm;生殖腺对生、回折,子宫内无任何特殊分化,阴门横裂;尾圆锥形,向腹面弯曲,尾尖尖锐。对其rDNA-ITS序列进行扩增、克隆、测序,结果获得1455bp的序列(HM990158),与Xiphinema oxycaudatum(AY359859)的同源性达99.9%。根据形态及测序结果,该虫鉴定为锐尾剑线虫(Xiphinema oxycaudatum Lamberti et Bleve-Zacheo,1979)。     

中国四省( 区) 葡萄根围剑线虫种类的调查

 从中国4 个省( 区) 采集的36 个品种( 株系) 230 份葡萄根围土样中查见了4种剑线虫, 经鉴定分别为Xip hinema americanum、X . insigne、X. hunaniese 和X . elongatum, 其中X . elongatum 在葡萄上为首次发现。对4 种剑线虫的地理分布和寄主品种进行了记述与讨论。     

山西短颈剑线虫(Xiphinema brevicollum)形态与rDNA分子特征

采用浅盘分离法在山西太谷松树根际土壤中分离得到一种剑线虫,通过Seinhorst脱水制片后利用显微镜观察其形态特征并进行测量,其主要特征为:雌性虫体经热杀死后呈腹面弯曲的"C"形,体长1.71~2.26mm,两端渐细;齿针全长127.3~140.8μm;a(体长/体宽)为35.9~51.4μm,b(体长/食道外宽)为5.8~8.7μm,c(体长/尾长)为50.7~103μm。前卵巢与后卵巢长短相近,尾形近似圆锥形。未见雄虫。对该线虫的rDNA-ITS1,rDNAITS2和28SRNA序列进行扩增、测序及系统进化分析,结合形态学特征进行鉴定,将分离到的剑线虫鉴定为短颈剑线虫(Xiphinema brevicollum),这是山西首次发现报道剑线虫属的一个种。     

索雷剑线虫（Xiphinema thornei）在梨园的发生及其对梨树的影响

天津市静海县双塘乡朴楼梨园土壤中含有Ｘｉｐｈｉｎｅｍａｔｈｏｒｎｅｉ，Ｃｒｉｃｏｎｅｍｏｉｄｅｓｓｐ，Ｈｅｌｉ－ｃｏｔｙｌｅｎｃｈｕｓｓｐ．和Ｓｃｕｔｅｌｌｏｎｅｍａｓｐ．４种主要寄生线虫，其中Ｘｉｐｈｉｎｅｍａｔｈｏｒｎｅｉ发生频率为７５％，平均密度为５３条／２００ｍｌ土壤，为优势种群，检查梨树根系发现根尖形成典型的极尖瘤，占所取样品总数的３６．５％，病情指数为１３．２。地上部观测发现枝条稀疏。     

新疆葡萄产业发展探析

目的随着葡萄在新疆种植品种的增多,导致植物线虫病害种类也随之增多,为了了解新疆葡萄种植区为害葡萄的寄生线虫种类,对葡萄根部寄生线虫种类进行了初步鉴定,为葡萄寄生线虫的研究增加了内容。方法采用形态学方法对采自新疆葡萄主产区的葡萄根际土壤寄生线虫进行鉴定。结果初步鉴定发现3种寄生线虫：小尾盾线虫(Scutellonema brachyurus)、美洲剑线虫(Xiphinema americanum)和丰富小环线虫(Cricomemella profuse)。结论本研究对为害新疆葡萄的寄生线虫种类进行了初步鉴定。