两步法改善杉木表面的疏水性1）

采用两步法在杉木表面修饰疏水涂层,来改善其疏水性能。通过浸渍—提拉法在杉木表面涂上一层二氧化硅（ SiO2）涂层,分别采用氨处理和六甲基二硅氮烷（ HMDS）处理对杉木表面涂层进行固化和疏水修饰。采用动态接触角测量仪对修饰前后杉木的疏水性能进行表征。结果表明：修饰前杉木的吸水性强,其对水的接触角随观测时间不断减小,最后水被完全吸收,接触角为0°;两步法修饰后杉木的疏水性变好,其对水的接触角随观测时间几乎不变,最高达142．2°。红外结果表明：HMDS处理后,SiO2粉末在848 cm－1处出现新的吸收峰,归属于—Si—CH3吸收峰。     

Attachment and adhesion of conidia of Stagonospora nodorum to natural and artificial surfaces

Attachment and adhesion of conidia of a wheat-isolate of Stagonospora nodorum to leaf and artificial surfaces was studied. Attachment of conidia was a non-viable process, separate from adhesion, that occurred rapidly and irreversibly. Attachment involved conidial-surface carbohydrates and was partially influenced by surface hydrophobicity. The subsequent adhesion, via the secretion of extracellular matrix from conidia, was a viable process that induced the complete cover of conidia in response to wheat leaf surface components containing epi-cuticular wax and to a lesser extent to barley but inducing only partial covering on glass. Results suggest that specific surface components from the compatible host promote rapid attachment and adhesion of S. nodorum conidia.     

郑州黄河风景区滨水景观优化设计研究

笔者从“人”的角度出发,注重特定地域的人群在滨水环境中的感受,结合风景园林学、环境心理学等交叉学科理论,针对郑州黄河风景区的滨水景观现状,在景观设计原则的基础上,通过探索人的亲水性以及游人与滨水景观的互动心理,找寻滨水景观设计开发的新思路。     

Synthesis and hydrophilicity of poly(trimethylene 2,6-naphthalate)/poly(ethylene glycol) copolymers

Poly(trimethylene 2,6-naphthalate) (PTN)/poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) copolymers were synthesized by the two-step melt copolymerization process of dimethyl-2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate (2,6-NDC) with 1,3-propanediol (PD) and PEG. The copolymers produced had different PEG molecular weights and contents. The structure, thermal property, and hydrophilicity of these copolymers were studied by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR) analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and by contact angle, moisture content, and instantaneous elastic recovery measurements. The intrinsic viscosity and the instantaneous elastic recovery of the PTN/PEG copolymers increased with increasing PEG molecular weight and content, whereas the glass transition, melting, and cold crystallization temperatures, and the heat of fusion of the PTN/PEG copolymers all decreased with increasing PEG molecular weight or content. The thermal stability of the copolymers was not affected by PEG molecular weight or content. The hydrophilicity, as determined by contact angle and moisture content measurements of the copolymer films, was significantly improved with increasing PEG molecular weight and content.     

添加前缀对重组蛋白生物学特性影响的预测分析

利用分子生物学软件DNASTAR对DAB389-αMSH和含有亲和标记、Xa factor识别序列、连接肽的DAB389（Gly4Ser）2-αMSH的表位、亲水性、等电点等生物学特性进行了预测分析。结果显示：DAB389（Gly4Ser）2-αMSH的表位为0.8,DAB389-αMSH为2.1;亲水性为2.7,高于DAB389-αMSH的1.96;两者的等电点均为5.9。His.Tag、Xa factor识别序列使重组蛋白的亲水性增强,表位降低;重组蛋白氨基端前70个氨基酸中不存在信号肽;DAB389（Gly4Ser）2-αMSH的表达量低于DAB389-αMSH2%左右,前缀对蛋白表达量有一定的影响。     

两种重组融合蛋白的分子生物学特性比较

使用DNASTAR软件,利用计算机模拟比较了带有亲和标记和连接肽的DAB389（Gly4Ser）2-αMSH与DAB389-αMSH两种融合蛋白的抗原性、亲水性、等电点及表位等分子生物学特性.结果显示,DAB389（Gly4Ser）2-αMSH的抗原性和表位明显低于DAB389-αMSH,而DAB389（Gly4Ser）2-αMSH的亲水性高于DAB389-αMSH,两者的等电点均为5.9.     

Improvement of hydrophilicity and blood compatibility on polyethersulfone membrane by adding polyvinylpyrrolidone

Polyethersulfone (PES) is widely used as biomaterials due to its thermal stability, mechanical strength, and chemical inertness. Nevertheless, their blood compatibility is still not adequate for hemodialysis. Moreover, it is very difficult to change the molecular structure by chemical modification due to the very stable chemical characteristics. In this study, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as an additive in the preparing of PES membrane in order to improve the hydrophilicity and blood compatibility. The result shows that the PVP-added PES membrane has higher water flux, water adsorption, and lower water contact angle (CA) than the pristine PES membrane. This indicates that the hydrophilicity of PES membrane was improved through adding PVP. Moreover, adding PVP as an additive could effectively reduce bovine serum albumin adsorption and prolong the blood coagulation time, thereby improving blood compatibility of PES membrane.     

Continuous photografting of HEMA onto polypropylene fabrics with benzophenone Photoinitiator

Continuous photografting onto polypropylene fabrics in the absence of inert gases was carried out to improve hydrophilic property of PP fabrics, which was padded with a formulated solution of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate(HEMA) and benzophenone as a monomer and a photoinitiator, respectively. The grafting yield increased with increases in benzophenone concentration up to 30 % on the weight of the monomer and UV energy up to of 38 J/cm², while 30 % HEMA concentration was optimal for the grafting efficiency. The physicochemical properties of the grafted PP fabrics were monitored by FT-IR, SEM, zeta potential, and dyeability to a cationic dye. The grafting increased O_1s/C_1s content and remarkably produced more negative zeta potentials compared with the pristine PP fabric. Also the grafted PP showed the increased dyeability to cationic dyes with increasing graft yield resulting from the enhanced electrostatic interaction between the dyes and negatively charged surface of the grafted PP fiber. In addition, improved hydrophilic property of grafted PP fabrics was ascertained by more rapid water wetting time and higher water absorbency.