Association of TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-6 promoter polymorphisms in pulmonary tuberculosis patients and their household contacts of younger age group

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of cytokine genes have been found to be involved in the clinical outcome of Tuberculosis. The present study was aimed to identify the high risk genotypes in Tuberculosis patients and their household contacts. A total of 490 subjects were studied which includes 150 active pulmonary tuberculosis patients (APTB), 190 household contacts (HHC) and 150 healthy controls (HC). The SNPs of TNF-α (-308A/G), IL-10(-1082G/A) and IL-6(-174G/C) were performed by ARMs PCR. The IL-10 GA genotype showed significant association in APTB and HHC and was 2.3 times higher risk in APTB and 3.7 times in HHC compared to HCs. The A allele was found to be significantly associated with the risk of disease. The CC genotype of IL-6 was found to be significantly associated in APTB and an insignificant positive association in HHCs. The multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) analysis indicated that the genotypes of IL-6 were showing high risk with GA genotype of IL-10. In conclusion the gene interaction may be useful for identification of genotypes as biomarkers to distinguish high risk individuals.     

西安荷斯坦奶牛群5个基因座位遗传多态性的PCR-RFLP分析

应用PCR-RFLP方法对西安荷斯坦牛的κ-en、β-lg、β-lg5′侧翼区、CSN1S2、IGFBP-3共5个基因座位进行了多态性分析。结果表明，在西安荷斯坦牛群中，没有发现携带CSN1S2^P等位基因的个体，其多态信息含量为0。κ-en基因座位呈现低度多态(PIC=0．2366)，β-lg、β-lg5′侧翼区、IGFBP-3基因座位的多态信息含量分别为0．3168、0．3689、0．4439，均呈现中度多态。κ-en、β-lg、β-lg5′侧翼区、IGFBP-3、CSNIS2基因座位的杂合度和DNA多态度分别为0．2742、0．3947、0．4879、0．4891、0和0．0255、0．0116、0．0333、0．0112、0。而且，在西安荷斯坦牛群中，κ-en、β-lg、β-lg5′侧翼区、IGFBP-3共4个基因座位均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态，CSN1S2基因座位处于纯合状态。     

Rapid mapping of candidate genes for cold tolerance in Oryza rufipogon Griff. by QTL-seq of seedlings

Cold stress is a major problem in rice production. To rapidly identify genes for cold tolerance in Dongxiang wild rice(DWR, Oryza rufipogon Griff.), sequencing-based bulked segregant analysis of QTL-seq method was used to resequence the extremely resistant(R) and susceptible(S) bulks of a backcross inbred lines(BILs) population(derived from Oryza sativa×O. rufipogon) and their parents. Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)-index graphs and corresponding Δ(SNPindex) graphs(at 99 and 95% confidence levels) for R-and S-bulks detected a total of 2 609 candidate SNPs, including 58 candidate cold-tolerance genes. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that 5 out of the 58 candidate genes had significant differences in expression between O. sativa and O. rufipogon. Structural variation and functional annotations of the 5 candidate genes were also analyzed, and allowed us to identify 2 insertion-deletion(InDel) markers(12-7 and 12-16) that were linked with candidate genes on chromosome 12 in DWR. These results are helpful for cloning and using cold tolerance genes from common wild rice in cultivated rice.     

Polymorphism in promoter region of growth hormone receptor is associated with potential production capacity of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 in pre‐pubertal Holstein heifers

Insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) is one of the important factors for growth, milk production and reproductive functions and mainly released from the liver in response to growth hormone (GH) via GH receptor (GHR) in cattle. Recently, some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the bovine GHR gene. Some GHR‐SNPs were shown to be related to plasma IGF‐1 concentration in cattle. Hence, the capacity to IGF‐1 production in the liver might be affected by GHR‐SNP and associated with performance in the future. This study examined whether GHR‐SNP is associated with IGF‐1 production in the liver of pre‐pubertal heifers. In 71 Holstein calves, blood samples for genomic DNA extraction were obtained immediately after birth. To genotype the GHR‐SNPs in the promoter region, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products were digested with restriction enzyme NsiI (cutting sites: AA, AG and GG). All heifers at 4 months of age were intramuscularly injected with 0.4 mg oestradiol benzoate. Blood samples were obtained from the jugular vein just before (0 h) and 24 h after injection. The number of AA, AG and GG at the NsiI site was 0, 17 and 54 respectively. In AG and GG, plasma GH concentrations were higher pre‐injection than 24 h post‐injection (p < 0.01). Moreover, plasma GH concentrations in AG post‐injection were higher than in GG (p < 0.05). In contrast, the GG genotype exhibited higher plasma IGF‐1 concentrations in pre‐injection than post‐injection (p < 0.01), although oestradiol did not change IGF‐1 concentration in the AG genotype. We conclude that the GG polymorphism in the promoter region of GHR is associated with a higher potential capacity of IGF‐1 production in the liver of cattle.     

Polymorphism Analysis on Partial Sequence of Pig Obese Gene of Different Breeds by PCR-SSCP

Obese gene (ob gene) was identified in mouse adi- pose tissues in 1954, and it has an autosomal reces- sive genetic pattern[1]. Mouse ob gene is located on chromosome 6, whose mutation will lead to seriously genetic fatness. Human ob gene is mapped on q31…     

大口黑鲈肌肉生长抑制素基因单核苷酸多态性位点的筛选及其与生长性状关联性分析

采用PCR-SSCP和PCR-RFLP技术对大口黑鲈肌肉生长抑制素(myostatin,MSTN)基因全序列进行了SNPs位点筛选和分型,共筛选到2个单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)位点(C-1453T和T+33C),其中C-1453T位于启动子E8 box和Octamer(＋)调控元件之间的区域,T+33C的突变位于第一外显子区域,属于同义突变,氨基酸没有发生变化;利用一般线性模型分析单标记位点与大口黑鲈生长性状(体重、体长、体高、体宽和眼间距)相关性,均未达到显著水平(P>0.05)。将2个SNPs位点不同基因型组合成6种双倍型(去掉频率小于3%的组合),关联分析表明,双倍型D2在体重、体长、体高、体宽和眼间距的均值均高于其它双倍型,而双倍型D5在体重、体长、体高、体宽和眼间距的均值均低于其它双倍型,双倍型D2与D5之间在5个主要生长性状均存在差异显著(P＜0.05),推测双倍型D2对生长性状起正相关,而双倍型D5与大口黑鲈的生长性状呈负相关,因此推断MSTN基因突变位点双倍型D2与D5可作为大口黑鲈生长性状的两个标记位点,用其分子标记位点来辅助大口黑鲈育种工作以期加快育种进程。     

Genetic diversity in Cynara cardunculus revealed by AFLP markers: comparison between cultivars and wild types from Sicily*

Genetic diversity in 49 plants of 16 accessions representing one wild and two cultivated taxa of Cynara cardunculus L. (wild cardoon, cultivated cardoon and globe artichoke) was investigated using amplified fragment length polymorphic (AFLP) analysis. Four pairs of primers identified a total of 264 scorable loci, 196 of which were polymorphic. The number of markers scored per primer combination ranged from 41 to 107, with an average of 66 markers per primer combination. All the primer combinations detected polymorphism. The data were used for cluster analysis and AMOVA. The clusters obtained are in agreement with the current botanical classification and the differences among the taxa were substantial. The eco‐geographical groups within wild cardoon are clearly separated in relative subclusters, and reflect the geography of the collection areas. The six clones of the four cultivated artichoke varieties were clearly separated into four subclusters, corresponding to the current classification which is based on morphological traits. The results obtained may have a direct and important bearing on plant genetic resource conservation and management and on breeding.     

粤黄鸡分化品系血液蛋白质多态性基因频率的变化

本试验采用醋酸纤维薄膜电泳和聚丙烯酸胺凝胶电泳方法测定了粤黄鸡4个分化品系(群体)以及石歧杂鸡和杏花鸡的血液蛋白质多态性,观察了多态性血液蛋白质基因频率的变化,根据基因频率计算出6个群体相互之间的相似系数和标准遗传距离及各群的平均杂合度,分别以系统聚类分析和主分量分析方法对这种变化进行研究。结果表明,4个粤黄鸡分化品系大多数多态性血液蛋白质基因频率相近,少数出现品系(群体)间差异,而相似系数和遗传距离说明品系(群体)间分化与选育目的相符;系统聚类分析显示4个粤黄鸡分化品系(群体)与石歧杂鸡间关系较为密切;与杏花鸡相对地较为疏远,主分量分析却清楚地表明了粤黄鸡从石岐杂鸡中的分化以及与杏花鸡的区别。这两种分析方法结果相互补充,而两者的不一致有待进一步研究。另外,平均杂合度似乎也表明了品系(群体)选育程度的差异。     

五个品系肉鸡的血浆蛋白质多态分析

本文用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法.对中国农业科学院畜牧所的5个品系肉鸡进行了血浆淀粉酶(A_(mY)-1)、血浆酯酶(E_(■-1)和血浆转铁蛋白(Tf)3个位点8个等位基因的蛋白质多态性测定.计算其基因频率和遗传距离,并进行系统聚类分析.结果表明,品系间A×D_1、H×D_2、H×B的配套组合杂交较为合理,可望获得较强的杂种优势.     

高通量分子标记检测方法的研究进展

分子标记直接反映基因组序列水平上的遗传多样性,被广泛地应用于基因定位、多样性分析、作物遗传育种及医疗等领域。近几年,伴随着芯片杂交技术和测序技术的快速发展,高通量、高自动化的分子标记检测技术有许多新发展。本文针对目前常用的分子标记检测新技术,包括dCAPS、KASPar、基因芯片、简化基因组测序和靶向测序基因型检测等技术的原理、方法、优缺点和其应用前景进行综述,为分子标记的检测和遗传相关研究提供信息支持。