大白菜杂交种和亲本之间基因表达差异分析

利用cDNA-AFLP技术研究大白菜白引2号杂交种及其亲本在幼苗期、莲座期、结球期的基因差异表达。结果表明：在3个发育期,发现有29条差异片段,其中5个差异片段出现在幼苗期,14个差异片段出现在莲座期,10个差异片段出现在结球期|19个差异片段在杂种中表达,3个差异片段在双亲中同时表达,2个差异片段仅在母本中表达,5个差异片段仅在父本中表达。将29个差异片段的序列在白菜基因组序列数据库网站（http://brassicadb.org/brad/）进行BLAST分析,均找到了对应的染色体位置。其中17个差异片段分别有明确的基因及编码蛋白与其相对应。其中有两个基因片段分别含有AP2/EREBP结构域和PPR结构域,这两个结构域在控制植物生长发育方面具有重要作用。     

大白菜受环境胁迫影响的研究进展

大白菜(Brassica rapa ssp.pekinensis)是中国种植面积较大的蔬菜作物之一,其不仅可以为人体补充维生素C和维生素E,对预防心血管疾病也有很大的帮助.大白菜在生长发育过程中受许多不利环境的影响,包括盐碱胁迫、水涝胁迫、重金属胁迫、温度胁迫等非生物胁迫,以及病虫害等生物胁迫.这些胁迫会引起大白菜发生...     

氮肥不同施用量对大白菜产量和品质的影响

田间试验结果表明,氮肥对大白菜生长发育有促进作用,随着氮肥用量增加,大白菜产量也相应增加。施尿素196,240,600kg/ha的产量,分别比对照增产18.53%,16.23%和23.69%。维生素C的含量施氮肥处理也均高于对照,但大白菜体内硝酸盐的含量也随着氮肥用量而升高,分别为对照的2.3,2.7,2.6倍。还原糖含量却随着氮肥用量的增加而减少。两季盆裁试验结果与田果效果一致。据此初步认为。氮肥虽然能提高大白菜产量。但品质却下降。为达到提高产量和改进品质的目的,有待进一步开展氮、磷,钾不同配比的试验。     

污泥对白菜·生菜和番茄种子发芽率的影响

[目的]研究城市生活污水厂污泥对生菜(Lactuca sativa var. ramose)、白菜(Brassica pekinensis)和番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum)种子发芽率的影响。[方法]通过盆栽试验,测量污泥施用量对生菜、白菜和番茄的种子发芽率的影响。[结果]随着污泥施用量的增加,生菜、白菜和番茄种子发芽率降低。[结论]污泥对生菜、白菜和番茄的发芽率有明显的抑制作用。     

Effect of potassium on uptake and translocation of sodium and potassium in Chinese cabbage under NaCl stress

To investigate the influence of potassium (K⁺) on the salinity tolerance of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis Rupr.) seedlings, the plants were cultured at three K⁺ levels (0, 5, or 10?mM), under normal (0?mM NaCl) and high-salt (100?mM NaCl) conditions. The results indicated that the dry weight of Chinese cabbage increased with the application of K⁺ under salt stress. Addition of K⁺ increased K⁺ concentrations and suppressed sodium (Na⁺) concentration, which eventually increased the K⁺/Na⁺ ratios in roots or shoots. Application of K⁺ enhanced the uptake of K⁺ and suppressed the uptake of Na⁺. Moreover, the ratios of shoot-K⁺/root-K⁺ increased considerably, but the ratios of shoot-Na⁺/root-Na⁺ decreased in response to K⁺ application. It was concluded that the application of K⁺ could enhance the salt stress tolerance in Chinese cabbage because more K⁺ than Na⁺ was absorbed and translocated from roots to shoots.     

大白菜叶球相关性状的QTL定位与分析

 应用 35 2个标记位点的大白菜AFLP和RAPD图谱和一套品种间杂交获得的重组自交系群体 ,采用复合区间作图的方法 ,对大白菜叶球相关的 7个农艺性状进行QTL有定位及遗传效应研究。结果表明 ,在 14个连锁群上检测到 33个QTL ,其中控制生育期的有QTL 3个 ,控制外叶数的QTL有 3个 ,控制球高的QTL有 7个 ,控制球径的QTL有 5个 ,控制球叶数的QTL有 4个 ,控制球重的QTL有 4个 ,控制荒重的QTL有 7个。另外 ,估算了单个QTL的遗传贡献率和加性效应 ,其加性效应各不相等     

大白菜带柄子叶离体不定芽再生过程中的组织学观察

以普通大白菜品种秋早55和彩色大白菜材料06J28的带柄子叶为试验材料,对离体带柄子叶不定芽再生过程中的组织学变化进行了观察研究。结果表明,在带柄子叶离体培养过程中,培养2~3 d,子叶柄切口端皮层及维管束薄壁细胞开始启动,细胞迅速分裂形成分生细胞团,秋早55和06J28分别在培养5 d、6 d时出现明显芽原基,不定芽的产生方式为直接出芽,在秋早55中还观察到有个别芽再生发生于愈伤组织内部,为内起源。     

提取大白菜基因组DNA的几种方法比较

对用 SDS法、尿素法、改良 SDS法、氯化苄和 CTAB法提取的大白菜基因组DNA进行了比较。结果表明 ,改良 SDS法提取的 DNA具有典型的天然 DNA分子的标准紫外吸收光谱特点 ,其 A2 6 0 /A2 80 为 1 .7～ 1 .9,A2 6 0 /A2 30 为 1 .8～ 2 .0 ,叶片的 DNA产量为 40 0μg/g。用该法提取的大白菜 DNA适于进行 RAPD分析。     

Zinc exposure has differential effects on uptake and metabolism of sulfur and nitrogen in Chinese cabbage

Zinc (Zn) is a plant nutrient; however, at elevated levels it rapidly becomes phytotoxic. In order to obtain insight into the physiological background of its toxicity, the impact of elevated Zn²⁺ concentrations (1 to 10 μM) in the root environment on physiological functioning of Chinese cabbage was studied. Exposure of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis) to elevated Zn²⁺ concentrations (≥ 5 μM) in the root environment resulted in leaf chlorosis and decreased biomass production. The Zn concentrations of the root and shoot increased with the Zn²⁺ concentration up to 68‐fold and 14‐fold, respectively, at 10 μM compared to the control. The concentrations of the other mineral nutrients of the shoot were hardly affected by elevated Zn²⁺ exposure, although in the root both the Cu and Fe concentrations were increased at ≥ 5 µM, whereas the Mn concentration was decreased and the Ca concentration strongly decreased at 10 µM Zn²⁺. The uptake and metabolism of sulfur and nitrogen were differentially affected at ≥ 5 µM Zn²⁺. Zn²⁺ exposure resulted in an increase of sulfate uptake and the activity of the sulfate transporters in the root, and in enhanced total sulfur concentration of the shoot, which could be ascribed partially to an accumulation of sulfate. Moreover, Zn²⁺ exposure resulted in an up to 6.5‐fold increase in water‐soluble non‐protein thiol (and cysteine) concentration of the root. However, nitrate uptake by the root and the nitrate and total nitrogen concentrations of the shoot were decreased upon Zn²⁺ exposure, demonstrating the absence of a mutual regulation of the uptake and metabolism of sulfur and nitrogen at toxic Zn levels. Evidently, elevated Zn²⁺ concentrations in the root environment did not only disturb the uptake, distribution and assimilation of sulfate, it also affected the uptake and metabolism of nitrate in Chinese cabbage.