秀丽纤杆线虫在寄生性线虫抗原研究中的应用

秀丽纤杆线虫 (Caenorhabditis elegans)是一种模式线虫 ,目前广泛应用于寄生性线虫基因的功能研究 ,并且还被用于捻转血矛线虫等寄生性线虫疫苗侯选抗原基因的表达和耐药性产生机制方面的研究     

Effects of cerium on the antioxidant defence system in the petals and the contents of pigments in the calyces of Rosa chinensis Jacq. cut flower

To study the role of cerium (Ce) in regulating the vase life of Rosa chinensis Jacq. cut flowers, the effects of cerium nitrate (Ce(NO₃)₃) on the activities of antioxidant enzymes, the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in the petals, and the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids in the calyces were investigated. The results showed that Ce(NO₃)₃ evidently enhanced the activities of peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and evidently decreased the contents of MDA and H₂O₂ in the petals, compared with the control. Moreover, Ce(NO₃)₃ evidently increased the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids in the calyces. The results also showed that Ce(NO₃)₃ evidently increased the numbers of open flowers and decreased the numbers of wilted flowers. Our results suggest that Ce(NO₃)₃ extended the vase life of R. chinensis Jacq. cut flower by improving the antioxidant defence system in the petals and the contents of pigments in the calyces.     

Springtime abundance of chaetognaths in the shelf region of the northern Gulf of Alaska, with observations on the vertical distribution and feeding of Sagitta elegans

Chaetognatha were among the most dominant macrozooplankton taxa collected in 6 years of springtime collections, both throughout the water column and near-bottom on the continental shelf in the northern Gulf of Alaska. Three species ( Sagitta elegans, S. scrippsae, and Eukrohnia hamata ) were collected in 248 collections, although S. elegans was the numerically dominant species overall during most cruises. Collections taken in epibenthic sleds generally contained about two orders of magnitude more chaetognaths than those that sampled throughout the water column. Two size modes were apparent in the S. elegans size-frequency distributions which were believed to belong to different cohorts. Growth rate was on the order of 2–3 mm per month. The two cohorts showed asynchronous diel vertical distribution patterns, with the smaller individuals found near the surface during the day whereas the larger individuals were near the surface at night. About 7.5% of the S. elegans examined contained food. Copepods made up the majority (∼89% by number) of the diet of both large and small individuals. Euphausiid juveniles and cirripede larvae were also observed, as well as several incidences of cannibalism by large chaetognaths on smaller individuals. Based on the results of two diel series, this species was observed to feed mainly during the night-time.     

苎麻属植物RAPD反应体系影响因子的研究

以苎麻属植物中的4个种为材料，用SDS和CTAB2种方法提取基因组DNA并比较其RAPD分析的效果；对RAPD反应体系中的一些重要参数进行了优化，建立了适合苎麻属植物RAPD分析的反应体系。即在25μL的反应总体积中Mg^2 浓度为1.5mmol/L，dNTPs浓度为0.20mmol/L，40ng模板DNA，Taq酶1.0单位；反应程序为95℃预变性5min；前5个循环为94℃变性1min，36℃结合1min，72℃延伸2min；后40个循环为94℃30s，℃36℃1min，72℃2min（最后1个循环为10min）；共45个循环。该反应体系具有良好的稳定性和重复性。     

百日草自交系花粉萌发条件及花粉活力研究

研究了不同培养基、采集时间、贮藏温度和湿度等因素对百日草花粉离体培养萌发效果的影响。结果表明:花粉萌发较适宜的培养基为ME3 16%PEG4000 12%蔗糖;上午10:00采集花粉萌发率要显著地高于下午3:00采集的;在4℃湿润条件下贮藏18 h,J6花粉生活力下降较小,而在室温干燥条件下几乎失去活力;相对湿度在66%以下时极不利于花粉保存;11个百日草自交系花粉离体萌发率差异显著。     

Dactylospongia elegans—A Promising Drug Source: Metabolites,Bioactivities, Biosynthesis,Synthesis, and Structural-Activity Relationship

Marine environment has been identified as a huge reservoir of novel biometabolites that are beneficial for medical treatments, as well as improving human health and well-being. Sponges have been highlighted as one of the most interesting phyla as new metabolites producers. Dactylospongia elegans Thiele (Thorectidae) is a wealth pool of various classes of sesquiterpenes, including hydroquinones, quinones, and tetronic acid derivatives. These metabolites possessed a wide array of potent bioactivities such as antitumor, cytotoxicity, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory. In the current work, the reported metabolites from D. elegans have been reviewed, including their bioactivities, biosynthesis, and synthesis, as well as the structural-activity relationship studies. Reviewing the reported studies revealed that these metabolites could contribute to new drug discovery, however, further mechanistic and in vivo studies of these metabolites are needed.     

农药废水对秀丽隐杆线虫毒性效应及其主要有毒组分

应用battery生物测试法,检测研究农药废水对秀丽隐杆线虫的生命周期、繁殖速率、生殖能力、头摆和身体弯曲频率等影响的生物毒性,及其引发生物毒性的主要有机污染物。结果表明,在已经达到国家废水排放标准[GB 8978—1996]情况下,处理出水对受试动物仍然存在致毒效应;线虫的世代周期对进水的毒性最为敏感,产卵数量对出水的毒性最为敏感;进水毒性主要来自易受酸性调节影响的有机污染物,出水毒性主要来自易受碱性调节影响的有机污染物。结果表明,该项生物测试的毒性参数,可用于指示存在于低CODCr废水中的生物毒性;所用的毒性鉴别评价（TIE）方法,可用于鉴别废水中引发致毒效应的关键污染物。废水中悬浮颗粒污染物的生物毒性至关重要,尚未研究,有待继续。     

黄灯笼辣椒子叶离体培养与植株再生

以黄灯笼辣椒无菌苗子叶为外植体,研究激素对不定芽分化及植株再生的影响。结果表明:6-BA对子叶不定芽的诱导效果最好;IAA与6-BA配合能明显提高子叶不定芽的分化率;在分化培养基中添加4mg/LGA3,有利于不定芽的伸长。不定芽分化的最适培养基为MS 6-BA5mg/L IAA1mg/L AgNO36mg/L,平均诱导率达75%;不定芽伸长的最适培养基为MS 6-BA3mg/L IAA1mg/L AgNO36mg/L GA34mg/L,平均伸长率可达90%;最佳生根培养基为MS IAA0.5mg/L,生根率达95%;建立了辣椒子叶植株再生体系。     

袖珍椰子根际寄生线虫种类鉴定

于福州市多家园艺场随机采集65份袖珍椰子根部及根际样本,经鉴定,共有7个属8种植物寄生线虫:咖啡短体线虫、饰环矮化线虫、双宫螺旋线虫、双尾滑刃线虫、蘑菇滑刃线虫、燕麦真滑刃线虫、食菌茎线虫和普通丝尾垫刃线虫.利用次氯酸钠—酸性品红染色法证实,咖啡短体线虫可大量存在于袖珍椰子根部及根际介质中,并造成根系坏死、腐烂.     

'梦境'百日草花芽分化特性研究

［目的］研究‘梦境’百日草的分化形态及与营养生长的相关性。［方法］观察‘梦境’百日草不同时期顶芽的石蜡制片,并测定其株高、株幅、真叶数和分枝数等生长指标。［结果］‘梦境’百日草花芽分化过程划分为8个时期：营养生长前期、营养生长后期、花序原基分化期、苞片原基分化期、舌状花原基分化期、筒状花原基分化期、筒状花花冠和雄蕊原基分化期、筒状花雌蕊原基分化期;通过各生长指标的观测,得到了花芽分化时期与各生长指标间的回归方程。［结论］‘梦境’百日草各生长指标与花芽分化时期间均存在极显著的线性相关,其中,播种天数与花芽分化时期间的相关性最大。