北京市空气污染物对过敏性鼻炎的影响研究

 以2009年3月19日至2010年3月18日间北京医院耳鼻喉—头颈外科的过敏性鼻炎（AR）门诊就诊病人观测为基础,结合北京市空气质量,探讨空气质量与AR的关系。结果表明, AR患者的人数均随年龄的增长呈现先增加后减少的趋势,以中青年龄段（21～50岁）人数最多。春、秋季是过敏性鼻炎的易发时期,夏、冬季发病率相对较低。AR日就诊人数的时间变化趋势与空气中PM10,SO2,NO2的浓度变化具有一定的时间对应性,在观测的上半期内尤为明显,表明在短期内空气中PM10,SO2,NO2浓度的增加会直接影响AR的发生与症状加重,并导致就诊人数增加     

牛源分枝杆菌变应原对免疫豚鼠变态反应试验

本文采用牛结核PPD检出阳性牛分离的分枝杆菌(包括有牛分枝杆菌、瘰疬分枝杆菌、乌胞内分枝杆菌2型及9型、副结核分枝杆菌、偶发分枝杆菌以及草分枝杆菌等),制成灭活免疫原进行豚鼠接种,并以各种分枝杆菌PPD进行变态反应检查,以观察其发生交叉反应的情况。试验结果表明:各种分枝杆菌除发生主反应外,均表现出明显的相互交叉的变态反应,尤以瘰疬分枝杆菌、乌胞内分杆菌2型及9型、副结核分枝杆菌以及牛分枝杆菌等交叉严重。提示:在牛结核及副结核的检疫中出现其它分枝杆菌干扰的假阳性反应。     

Effects of tripterygium glycosides combined with dexamethasone on TLRs/NF-κB signaling pathway in EAE rats

AIM: To investigate the role of TLRs/NF-κB pathway in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) rats treated with tripterygium glycosides (TG) + dexamethasone (DX). METHODS: Lewis rats were used in the study and divided into control group, EAE model group, therapy 1 group (EAE rats treated with DX) and therapy 2 group (EAE rats treated with DX+TG). The mean clinical score of the rats was determined. The expression of TLR4 and TLR9 at mRNA and protein levels was detected by the methods of real-time quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The protein level of NF-κB p65 was also measured. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were assayed by ELISA. RESULTS: The mean clinical scores at 5th, 16th and 20th day were lower in therapy 1 group and therapy 2 group than that in EAE model group. The mean clinical score in therapy 2 group was even lower than that in therapy 1 group. At the 16th day (the peaking period), the mRNA expression of TLR4 and TLR9 in therapy 1 group and therapy 2 group were obviously lower than that in EAE model group. The protein levels of TLR4, TLR9 and NF-κB p65 were also significantly lower in therapy 1 group and therapy 2 group than those in EAE model group at peak stage of EAE. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were lower in therapy1 group and therapy2 group than those in EAE model group. The significant differences of the mean clinical score, the mRNA expression of TLR4 and TLR9, the positive ratio of NF-κB p65 and the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 between therapy 1 group and therapy 2 group were found. The result of orthogonal factorial analysis of variance indicated that the difference of therapeutic effect between DX and DX+TG was significant (F=75.749, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The TLRs/NF-κB pathway takes part in the pathological process of EAE. TG combined with DX alleviates the symptoms of EAE by suppressing inflammatory and immunological reactions of EAE.     

牛源非典型分枝杆菌的分离与鉴定

对我国东北和华北地区牛群中非典型分枝杆菌的感染情况进行了调查,从５２头结核（副结核）菌素变态反应阳性及可疑牛的１４２份巴结等材料和在屠宰场预备屠宰的２００头猪（肉）牛（其中８头结核菌素变态反应阳性或可疑）的５６９份淋巴结材料中分离出２０株分枝杆菌。经鉴定牛分枝杆菌３株,非典型分枝杆菌１７株。非典型分枝杆菌进一步被鉴定为：瘰疠分枝杆菌５株,偶发分枝杆菌４株,鸟－胞内分枝杆菌复合物４株,副结核分枝杆菌     

伊维菌素微乳制剂的过敏性研究

本试验旨在观察伊维菌素微乳制剂对动物的过敏性反应。以《化学药物刺激性、过敏性和溶血性研究技术指导原则》为指导,选用豚鼠及Wistar大鼠为试验动物,采用全身主动过敏试验和被动皮肤过敏试验观察伊维菌素微乳制剂对动物的致敏作用。结果显示伊维菌素微乳制剂对豚鼠和Wistar大鼠的过敏性反应均为阴性。本试验为伊维菌素微乳制剂的安全性评价提供了试验依据。     

红车轴草总黄酮对小鼠免疫功能的影响

［目的］研究红车轴草总黄酮对小鼠免疫功能的影响。［方法］设计迟发变态反应试验、炭粒廓清试验、脏器指数试验,每个试验均用40只小鼠,随机分成4组,设对照组与高、中、低剂量3个试验组。3个试验组分别给予85 mg/（kg·d）（高剂量组）,53 mg/（kg·d）（中剂量组）,22 mg/（kg·d）（低剂量组）红车轴草总黄酮灌胃,对照组以吐温-盐水液灌胃。［结果］3个试验组48 h足跖增厚与对照组均有增加,以中剂量试验组增加显著（P〈0.05）;中剂量组与低剂量组的吞噬指数较对照组有显著增高（P〈0.05）;脏器指数试验结果表明,试验组与对照组均有增加,但没有显著的统计学意义。［结论］试验全面评价了红车轴草总黄酮的各种生理药理功能及其对免疫功能的影响,为其开发应用提供了可靠的参考资料。     

常年性变应性鼻炎手术疗法探讨

探索常年性变应性鼻炎的治疗新方法,方法选择各种非手术疗法不佳的常年性变应性鼻炎患者３６例为手术组（６例伴有支气管哮喘）,病程１．５－２０ａ局麻下行双侧蝶腭,筛前神经电灼加下鼻甲部切除切;另选３１例未行手术首作为对照组。结论蝶腭,筛前神经电灼加下鼻部分切除的新方法为治疗常年性变性鼻炎之有效的方法之一。     

牛副结核检疫中的非特异性干扰

给犊牛接种各种分枝杆菌，然后以副结核ＰＰＤ进行变态反应试验，观察各分枝杆菌感染对副结核变态反应的干扰；从各种分枝杆菌感染牛群采取血清进行副结核ＥＬＩＳＡ检测，以观察各分枝杆菌血清对牛副结核ＥＬＩＳＡ的干扰。结果：多种分枝杆菌，特别是鸟胞内分枝杆菌、瘰疬分枝杆菌的感染可干扰副结核变态反应；部分结核牛血清干扰副结核ＥＬＩＳＡ的检测