干巴菌根际土壤理化性质的研究

本言语报道昆明小哨和宜良良竹山两地区两种植被类型和两种成土母质发育的土壤上，干巴菌只能在弱酸性的沉积岩类（石灰岩或砂页岩）或河流沉积物类成土母质发育形成的山原红壤的针叶林型的云南松或阔叶林型的麻栎林下生长发育。而其它成土母质形成的土壤中云南松林或麻栎林下，不会长出干巴菌。（２）干巴菌根际土壤必须具有良好的理化性质－－土壤疏松多孔、透水透气和土温传递优良；ＰＨ值在４．５－５．５区间内；土质富含钙和铁     

干巴菌（Thelephoraganbajun Zang）的研究Ⅰ．干巴菌与其生境因子的关系

本文研究了干巴菌的分布及其在分布区内的植被类型，查清了干巴菌主要分布于针叶树林中，尤以云南松林内分布最多，但也分布于纯的栗树林中。通过对于巴菌生境中土壤微生物的分析，结果与宏观调查一致：其生长土壤较为贫瘠，是一种菌根菌。     

干巴菌菌丝营养生理特性的初步研究

本文报道了不同碳源、氮源、微量元素及维生素培养基对干巴菌菌丝生长的影响。试验表明，干巴菌菌丝利用最好的的碳源是葡萄糖，其次是蔗糖。利用最好的氮源是硝酸钙，其次是硝酸铵和硫酸铵，对蛋白胨和尿素的利用效果差。缺少碳源或氮源时，菌丝生长细弱、稀少，不形成原基。微量元素和维生素均对干巴菌菌丝生长有促进作用，其中以锰、铜和维生素Ｂ２的作用尤为突出。     

干巴菌担孢子多核现象的研究

干巴菌（ＴｈｅｌｅｐｈｐｒａｇｏｎｂａｊｕｎＺａｎｇ）是一种可食性菌根真菌，主要分布于中国云南中部地区。本文报道干巴菌振孢子的多核性及其担孢子在萌发过程中的多芽管现象。采用Ｇｉｅｍｓａ＇ｓＳｔａｉｎ及Ｎｅｍａｔｏｘｙｌｉｎ等染色方法研究的结果表明：干巴菌担孢子具有单核、双核、三核、七核等多核性。并在担孢子萌发过程中发现与孢子多核性相对应的一个芽管，二个芽管、三个穿管、七个芽管等多芽管现象，产生真菌孢子多核现象原因，是由于孢子形成过程中，细胞核行为造成的。当担孢子形成过程中，二个单倍体核进行核配形成一个二倍体核，它再进行一次减数分裂，结果在担子中产生四个单倍体核，四个单倍体核随机进入担孢子后，造成多个核、一个核和无核孢子现象。另一种情况，是担孢子中一个核或多个核再行一次或多次减数分裂，从而产生了某些属种真菌的多核孢子。干巴菌担孢子的多核现象，属首次报道。     

掘塘技术对干巴菌菌塘数量和产量的影响

研究了在干巴菌菌塘周围挖掘小塘对干巴菌菌塘数量和产量的影响,试验结果表明,掘塘能明显增加珍稀野生菌干巴菌菌塘的数量和产量.     

干巴菌仿野生栽培菌种培养基碳源氮源筛选

配制不同碳源氮源培养基接种干巴菌菌种,研究不同配方碳源、氮源培养基对干巴菌母种、栽培种菌丝长势、生长速度、满袋时间的影响。结果表明,干巴菌母种培养基用松针水配制,栽培种培养基中添加40%的松针,其菌丝生长速度均较快。干巴菌母种培养基菌丝最适合的主要碳源是马铃薯,菌丝生长速度最快（4.53mm/d）,最适合的主要氮源是蛋白胨与酵母粉1:1的混合物,菌丝生长速度快（5.06mm/d）、菌丝长势强。干巴菌栽培种碳源以糯米最好,生长速度快（5.89mm/d）、菌丝长势强,菌丝满袋时间短（39d）;栽培种氮源以麸皮最好,生长速度快（5.75mm/d）、菌丝长势强,菌丝满袋时间短（40d）。     

干巴菌半人工栽培培养基的试验研究和培养条件探索

以松针、草糠、麦粒和麸皮为主料、添加营养元素进行多组配比，再接种干巴菌菌种培养．根据培养特征找出最佳的配比培养基，用于半人工栽培实验。根据实验结果，选出了松针麦粒培养基为二级培养基．松针麸皮培养基为菌包培养基，并得出pH5．8、料：水比为1：1．5最适于干巴菌菌丝生长．     

干巴菌病虫害调查及防治研究

介绍了干巴菌侵染性病害1种，非侵染性病害2种．虫害3种．同时对其相应的防治方法作了描述。     

In vitro ectomycorrhizal formation of Pinus patula, P. pseudostrobus, P. oocarpa and P. elliotii grown in southern India

In vitro syntheses of ectomycorrhizas of Pinus patula, P. pseudostrobus, P. oocarpa and P. elliotii with Amanita muscaria, Laccaria fraterna, L. laccata, Pisolithus tinctorius, Rhizopogon luteolus, Scleroderma citrinum and Thelephora terrestris were attempted. Most of the fungi initiated mycorrhizal formation within 2 weeks after inoculation. Laccaria fraterna and S. citrinum formed mycorrhizas after 6 weeks of inoculation. Amanita muscaria failed to form mycorrhizas during the 12 week period of observation. The degree of colonization of different mycorrhizal fungi varied with different species of Pinus.     

Interactive Effects of Mycorrhization and Fertilization on Growth,Nutrition, and Water Relations of Sweet Birch

Abstract

Pisolithus tinctorius(Pers.) Coker & Couch was evaluated as an ectomycorrhizal associate of sweet birch (Betula lentaL.). Sand culture and mine soil growth media were employed, and three fertilization treatments were imposed by application of differing Hoagland's nutrient solution #2 concentrations. The high fertilization treatment suppressed mycorrhizal formation by P. tinctoriusin both growth media, while the medium rather than the low treatment induced the most extensive colonization by this mycobiont. Seedlings with induced P. tinctoriusmycorrhization exhibited enhanced above— and below-ground growth according to shoot dimensions and dry weight and root weight and length. However, these responses were frequently absent with high fertilization, especially in the mine soil. Inoculated seedlings had higher foliar N, P, and K concentrations overall but lower Ca, Mg, and S concentrations than uninoculated seedlings. Those with P. tinctoriusalso had lower concentrations of several potentially phytotoxic trace elements, specifically Zn, B, Mo, and Al. Furthermore, xylem pressure and soil water potentials measured during a simulated drought episode indicated that water uptake was enhanced by these mycorrhizae. Again, however, the above physiological responses were often compromised by high fertilization. Collectively, these results indicate that P. tinctoriusis a viable mycobiont for the inoculation of sweet birch, and when substrate fertility is not excessive, can avail this host of physiological benefits that result in substantial growth enhancement.