Changes of urinary albumin and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in high altitude polycythemia at different altitudes and its mechanism

AIM:To study the changes of excretive amount of albumin(ALB), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase(NAG) in patients with high altitude polycythemia(HAPC) at different altitude and its mechanism.METHODS:Urinary ALB, NAG, activity of red blood cell superoxide dismutase(RBC-SOD), malonyldialdehyde(MDA) and erythrocyte filtration index(EFI) of 231 healthy subjects and 86 patients with HAPC at different altitude were detected.RESULTS:Excretive amount of urinary ALB, NAG, and plasma MDA, EFI were higher, and RBC-SOD was lower in patients with HAPC than those in healthy subjects, the changes were significantly obvious, with increasing altitude. Urinary ALB and NAG were negatively correlates to EFI, and no correlated to the content of MDA and RBC-SOD.CONCLUSIONS:EFI exertes an independent influence on urinary ALB and NAG. The decrease in erythrocyte deformability caused by the increase of peroxidation of lipids might participate in the pathogenesis and progress of the increase of excretive amount of ALB and NAG in HAPC.     

Cholinesterases as markers of the inflammatory process associated oxidative stress in cattle infected by Babesia bigemina

The objective of this study was to assess the influence of an asymptomatic experimental infection by Babesia bigemina on cholinesterase’s as markers of the inflammatory process and biomarkers of oxidative imbalance. For this purpose, eight naive animals were used, as follows: four as controls or uninfected; and four infected with an attenuated strain of B. bigemina. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 7 and 11 post-inoculation (PI). Parasitemia was determined by blood smear evaluation, showing that the infection by B. bigemina resulted in mean 0.725 and 0.025% on day 7 and 11 PI, respectively, as well as mild anemia. The activities of acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and catalase were lower, while levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and superoxide dismutase activity were higher in infected animals, when compared with the control group. This attenuated strain of B. bigemina induced an oxidative stress condition, as well as it reduces the cholinesterasés activity in infected and asymptomatic cattle. Therefore, this decrease of cholinesterase in infection by B. bigemina purpose is to inhibit inflammation, for thereby increasing acetylcholine levels, potent anti-inflammatory molecules.     

烯效唑延缓小麦成熟期间叶片衰老的效应

１９８９～１９９２年田间与盆栽试验，研究烯效唑对小麦成熟期间旗叶及下二叶等三片功能叶衰老的延缓作用和增产效果。研究表明：１．烯效唑延缓小麦成熟期间功能叶片的衰老，表现在叶片细胞电解质渗漏率降低，超氧物歧化酶活性增高，丙二醛积累减少；２．烯效唑对离休旗叶片有保绿作用；于小麦齐穗期喷施２０～４０×１０－６，烯效唑药液７５０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，可提高小麦千粒重３～４ｇ，增产１２％～１６％。     

四十种瓜菜中超氧化物歧化酶含量测定

采用化学发光法测定了40种蔬菜、瓜、果中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的含量,并在此基础上探讨了9种蔬菜中维生素E、C、蛋白对SOD的影响以及它们之间的关系.还观察了蔬菜中SOD的热稳定性.结果表明,不同蔬菜、瓜、果间SOD含量的差异很大,其范围在1.26～176.10×10~(-3)g/g蛋白之间;去除脂溶性维生素E时SOD有不同程度的下降;维生素C及蛋白与SOD无明显对应关系;加热处理后样品的SOD仍得到较好保存.     

高温处理对结果期草莓叶片衰老特征的影响

以‘日本丰香’(Fragaria ananassa Duch.cv Toyonaka)草莓品种为试材,于2010-12-2011-02在人工气候箱进行环境控制试验,以25℃为对照,设30、32、34、36、38℃共5个高温处理,分别在处理1、3、5d后,测定与叶片衰老特征密切相关的生理指标,包括叶片中超氧化岐化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性以及丙二醛(MDA)含量、可溶性蛋白质和叶绿素含量.结果表明,在30 ～ 38℃范围内,随着温度升高及处理时间的延长,草莓叶片中MDA含量呈持续增加趋势;经30 ～ 34℃高温处理后,可溶性蛋白质含量、SOD、POD、CAT酶活性值均高于对照,其中SOD、POD酶活性在34℃处理3d后达到最高,可溶性蛋白质含量、CAT酶活性在34℃处理5d后达到最高.36℃及38℃高温处理后,可溶性蛋白质含量、SOD、POD、CAT酶活性明显低于对照(P＜0.05);高温处理中叶片的叶绿素a、b和类胡萝卜素含量均低于对照,而且随着高温时间的延长,草莓叶片叶绿素a、b及类胡萝卜素含量都呈持续下降趋势.表明高温胁迫降低了草莓叶片保护酶活性,导致体内活性氧大量积累,抗氧化能力降低,加速了草莓叶片的衰老,研究结果为设施草莓高温气象灾害的防御提供了依据.     

野生大豆接种大豆疫霉根腐病菌后超氧化物歧化酶活性变化

对大豆疫霉菌胁迫下抗感不同野生大豆根、茎、叶中超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dis-mutase,SOD)活性的变化进行了初步研究。结果表明:接种大豆疫霉根腐病菌后,抗感野生大豆根、茎、叶中SOD活性在病程的大部分阶段多高于相应对照,且总体而言,抗病野生大豆比感病野生大豆SOD活性较相应对照增幅大。     

酶解油菜蜂花粉抑制超氧阴离子自由基的研究

【研究目的】探讨油菜蜂花粉中水溶性有效组分的抗氧化能力及其在黄嘌呤氧化酶体系中抑制O2-.的机理。【方法】采用酶解技术和膜分离技术提取分离油菜蜂花粉中水溶性抗氧化有效组分,用黄嘌呤氧化酶体系测定酶解物的不同相对分子质量级分淬灭超氧阴离子自由基(O2-.)的能力。【结果】实验结果表明,经酶解和超滤后得到的相对分子质量大于1000的组分抑制O2-.的效果非常显著【结论】酶解和膜分离技术是提高花粉抗氧化功效成分含量的有效途径。     

水稻对紫外光B辐射增强的生化适应机制

水稻品种１Ｒ６８和Ｄｕｌａｒ生长在室外条件下,在以自然条件（６．０）,１３．０和１９．１ｋＪｍ＾－１ｄａｙ＾－１（分别模拟臭氧浓度下降２０％和４０％时的ＵＶ－Ｂ强度）的紫外光Ｂ（ＵＶ－Ｂ２８０～３２０ｎｍ）进行二周与四周的辐射处理,研究ＵＶ－Ｂ对水稻叶片内一些生化指标的影响,研究结果表明,ＵＶ－Ｂ辐射增强诱导了二个水稻品种对叶片内吸收ＵＶ的类黄酮化俣物的积累,同时使叶片内多胺的含量明显提高,然而,     

铅胁迫对番茄种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

研究不同铅浓度对番茄种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响.试验结果表明,铅胁迫可明显降低番茄种子发芽率、株高和根长.超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性随铅浓度增加先下降后趋于稳定,其敏感浓度范围是40～60 mg/L.过氧化物酶(POD)活性随铅浓度的增加而增加,达到活性高峰后,则随铅浓度的增加而降低.     

Bioaccumulation of cadmium and its biochemical effect on selected tissues of the catfish (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Clarias gariepinus</Emphasis>)

The present study examines the pattern of accumulation of cadmium (Cd) and its biochemical effects on selected tissues of a variety of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), after exposure to various doses of Cd. The results obtained indicate that at the end of 21 days of exposure, the total tissue organ cadmium concentration followed the pattern kidney > gill > liver > muscle for each of the exposure concentrations. The levels of Cd in these organs were higher than those in ambient water. Moreover, while the rate of uptake of Cd increased with time in the kidney, liver and muscle, it decreased in the gill. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly elevated only in the kidney of catfish treated with 0.2 and 0.4 ppm of Cd for 7 days compared with the control. Conversely, gill SOD was significantly decreased in the same concentrations of Cd-treated catfish relative to the control. Statistically similar levels of SOD were observed in the liver, brain and muscle with all the treatments after the same duration of treatment. In the fish exposed for 21 days, SOD activity was significantly decreased in the kidney with a corresponding increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO), but it manifested only with the 0.2- and 0.4-ppm Cd treatment relative to the control. In the liver, however, Cd exposure significantly increased SOD in the 0.2- and 0.4-ppm treatments of the same duration. In conclusion, the present study indicates that the accumulation of Cd and its effect on SOD and LPO in C. gariepinus is dependent on concentration, tissue and time