苹果组培芽露地嫁接技术研究

提高苹果组培芽露地嫁接成活率的关键技术措施,主要有三个方面:培育壮芽,嫁接前对组培芽进行3至5天通风锻炼,增强其对外部环境条件的适应性;正确选择砧木及嫁接部位和方法,尽可能缩小砧穗间形态结构及木质化程度的差异,人为创造适宜的环境条件,搭棚遮荫避免阳光直射,适时灌水增加土壤及空气湿度,滴注激素促进接口愈合.本试验组培芽露地嫁接成活率达到93.3%,枝条最大月生长量为38厘米.     

特种脱水蔬菜研究进展

综述了国内外特种脱水蔬菜的生产状况和趋势，特种脱水蔬菜的加工技术，特种脱水蔬菜生产成果及展望。     

以固氮树种发展食用菌专用林的建议

许多固氮树种速生丰产，萌生能力强，叶片，木屑含氮率较高，可为食用菌栽培提供理想原料，而且固氮树种在绿花荒山，保持水土，提高地力方面作用显著，以固氮树种发展短轮伐期食用菌专用林，具有较高的经济效益和生态效益，本文介绍了银合欢，黑荆，大叶相思，银荆，桤木，南洋楹和马占相思等在食用菌栽培上的应用概况，各地可因地制宜栽培合适的固氮树种作为食用菌专用林。     

云南特有野生果树资源及其分布特点

 云南有各类野生果树资源约500 余种, 其中云南特有的164种, 分属35科54属, 多为热带、亚热带果树和浆果类果树, 形成滇南—滇东南、滇西—滇西北和滇中—滇东北3个特有野生果树集中分布中心。这些果树资源用途广泛, 优异性状明显, 有待深入研究和综合开发利用。     

Study of some factors affecting the growth and development of myoga (Zingiber mioga Roscoe)

In order to optimise production of the edible flower buds produced by myoga (Zingiber mioga Roscoe) a greater understanding of the growth and development of the plant and factors influencing flower initiation and development are required. The vegetative growth phase in myoga was characterised by a distinct period of pseudostem development from the planted rhizome piece followed by an extended period of rhizome growth from both the base of pseudostems and the planted rhizome piece. The transition from pseudostem formation to the initiation of rhizome growth occurred at the same time as the dry weight of the planted rhizome piece ceased to decline. Flower bud initiation and development occurred over an extended period, beginning soon after the commencement of new rhizome growth and ending prior to foliage senescence. Flower buds were observed at the terminal meristem of first, second, third and fourth order rhizomes. Increasing temperatures stimulated both increased vegetative growth and flower bud initiation and development. Low flower bud yields recorded under conditions of low temperature were the result of reduced rate of floral initiation and not abortion of flower buds. Increased shading of plants grown under glasshouse conditions resulted in reduced flower bud yield and similarly the response resulted from decreased initiation rather than abortion.     

夏威夷菠萝高效再生体系研究

采用菠萝试管苗的叶片、叶鞘、茎段和茎薄片作外植体,以MS或1/2 MS为基本培养基,应用正交试验设计方法研究了不同浓度的2,4-D、6-BA、NAA和AgNO3对夏威夷菠萝不定芽的诱导效果,并在添加不同激素组合的培养基中进行芽的增殖和生根培养研究.结果表明,茎段为诱导不定芽的最佳外植体,6-BA是影响不定芽产生的最主要因素.其中MS 6-BA 5.0 mg/L 2,4-D 0.5 mg/L NAA 0.3 mg/L AgNO3 2.0 mg/L为不定丛芽诱导的最佳培养基,诱导率为83.3%;MS 6-BA 1.0 mg/L NAA 0.05 mg/L为芽增殖的最佳培养基,可分化成绿色小苗;1/2 MS IBA 1.0 mg/L NAA 0.5 mg/L为小苗生根的最佳培养基,生根粗壮,生根率达100%.     

黄瓜花叶病毒外壳蛋白基因转化辣椒的研究

以辣椒品种'B162'为试材,探讨了通过根癌农杆菌介导法将黄瓜花叶病毒外壳蛋白(CMV-CP)基因转化辣椒的适宜条件.结果表明,将辣椒带柄子叶进行预培养2 d后,用D600 nm为0.3的根癌农杆菌菌液浸泡7 min,再经过共培养2 d后转移到筛选分化培养基中进行培养,有利于获得辣椒抗性不定芽.通过对获得的10株抗性不定芽进行PCR检测,其中有2株扩增出目的条带,初步证明CMV-CP基因已经转入辣椒不定芽中.     

小麦专用肥在河南省典型地区的应用效果研究

河南省小麦单产和总产均居全国首位,然而当地农户施肥量大,且偏施氮肥、忽视磷钾肥现象严重,导致肥料利用率和经济效益较低.为解决这些施肥问题,依据河南省土壤养分供应状况和小麦营养需求规律,并考虑大、中、微量元素养分形态配伍和协同增效,优化肥料配方和生产工艺,开发小麦专用复合肥料,于2017-2018年在河南禹州进行小区试验...     

花椰菜雄性不育系组培快繁及无糖培养技术

以花椰菜雄性不育亲本的花球为外植体,进行组培快繁及无糖生产技术的研究。结果表明：在MS＋BA 1.0 mg/L＋NAA 0.3 mg/L的培养基上诱导,25 d时不定芽的分化率达到96%,继代增殖在MS＋BA 0.6 mg/L＋NAA 0.1 mg/L的培养基效果最好,增殖率可达4.25倍。无糖组织培养的培养基为MS无机成分＋NAA 0.1,光照4 000 lx,CO2浓度1 000 mL/L,11 d可大量生根。通过上述方法,1个花球,在4个月可生产上万株组培苗,是一种高效快速的方法。     

Condition assessment of lamprey populations in the Yorkshire Ouse catchment,north‐east England,and the potential influence of physical migration barriers

• 1. River lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis) and sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) are designated features of the River Derwent Special Area of Conservation (SAC) and the Humber Estuary (a possible SAC). This study determined the condition of lamprey populations in the Yorkshire Ouse catchment by assessing the species composition, distribution, abundance and size‐structure of larval (ammocoete) populations in five major tributary rivers (Derwent, Swale, Ure, Nidd and Wharfe).
• 2. According to EU condition assessment criteria, Lampetra populations (assumed to be mostly river lamprey) are at present in favourable condition, with site mean (±SE) densities ranging from 2.7 (±1.2) to 160.3 (±50.5) individuals m^?2 (all river means >2 individuals m^?2), and at least two size (≈age) classes present in optimal microhabitats. By contrast, no sea lamprey larvae were recorded, suggesting that populations of this species are in unfavourable condition.
• 3. Actions to protect and enhance nationally or internationally important stocks must be implemented from at least a catchment perspective, because many of the issues affecting such species are not localized. With respect to lampreys, particular attention should be given to protecting spawning and nursery habitats, improving water quality, reducing impingement at abstraction points, preventing exploitation at spawning grounds and increasing passage at potential physical obstructions.

Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.