Induction of apoptosis with Salvia miltiorrhiza monomer IH764-3 via downregulating focal adhesion kinase in H2O2-stimulated hepatic stellate cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of IH764-3 on the apoptosis of H₂O₂-stimulated hepatic stellate cells(HSCs) and the alteration of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). METHODS: The proliferation of HSCs was examined by direct cell count and the apoptosis was determined by Annexin-V/PI labeling, while the morphological change was observed by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, FAK mRNA was detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS: H₂O₂ promoted the proliferation of HSCs. IH764-3 induced the apoptosis of HSCs in a dose-dependent manner. The HSC apoptotic rates of different groups were 6. 35%,9. 28%,15. 10%,19. 69%,respectively, after treated with different concentrations of IH764-3 for 48 h while H₂O₂ group showed 2. 30%. In 30 mg/L group, the apoptosis rates were 6. 73%、10. 34%、15. 10% for the indicated time periods(12 h, 24 h, 48 h). In the presence of IH764-3, FAK mRNA decreased. The FAK mRNA reduction began at 2 h after adding IH764-3. CONCLUSION: IH764-3 induced the apoptosis of HSCs. Down-regulating the expression of FAK mRNA may be one of its mechanisms.     

荔枝草农用活性初步研究

研究了荔枝草乙醇提取物及其萃取物的抑菌、除草活性。结果表明,荔枝草乙醇提取物对27种供试病原真菌均有一定抑制作用。乙醇提取物在浓度为0．03g／mL（以干材料计）时,对苹果腐烂病菌、葡萄白腐病菌、瓜果腐霉病菌的抑制率分别达到89．09％、91．12％、92．59％;荔枝草乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取物对苹果腐烂病菌、葡萄白腐病菌、瓜果腐霉病菌抑制效果最好,其EC50分别为0．24、0．29、0.12mg/mL;荔枝草乙醇提取物对几种杂草也有很好的抑制效果,在浓度为0．2g／mL时,对生菜、反枝苋、黄瓜的抑制率分别为93．65％、92．76％和97．57％。     

丹参药渣栽培糙皮侧耳和毛头鬼伞

采用不同比例丹参(Salviae miltiorrhiza)药渣替代玉米芯对糙皮侧耳(Pleurotus ostreatus)、毛头鬼伞(Coprinus comatus)供试菌株进行栽培实验.经栽培收获两茬子实体,分别对不同配方两个菌种的菌丝长速、单位料重产量、生物学效率等指标进行统计分析.结果表明:在单位料重产量及生物学效率表现上,随培养料中所含丹参药渣比例增加而增加;在菌丝长速表现上则相反.经丹参药渣、玉米芯的碳氮比分析(28.5∶1;88.1∶1)得知,栽培料中随药渣含量的增加氮素含量相应提高(碳氮比55.27∶1～27.44∶1,氮含量为0.76％～2.43％),成为两个菌种产量增加的主要原因.     

一串红(Salvia splendens Ker-Gawl)的小孢子发生及雄配子体发育

采用石蜡切片法对一串红的小孢子及雄配子发育过程的细胞学特性进行观察。结果表明,一串红具有两个花药室,花药壁的发育方式为双子叶型,腺型绒毡层。胞质分裂方式为同时型,成熟花粉粒为三细胞型,大量的花粉粒在单核靠边期到二细胞花粉的过程中出现花粉粒变形现象。     

不同采收期丹参中丹酚酸B的含量测定

[目的]考察不同采收期丹参中丹酚酸B的含量。[方法]采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）,对不同采收期丹参中丹酚酸B含量进行测定、分析。[结果]结果表明,不同采收期丹参的丹酚酸B含量间有显著差异,尤以9、10月份最高,4、5月份次之。[结论]在丹参的加工生产中应注意不同的采收季节对其质量的影响。     

Clinical,pathologic, and toxicologic characterization of Salvia reflexa (lance-leaf sage) poisoning in cattle fed contaminated hay

Salvia reflexa (lance-leaf sage)-contaminated alfalfa hay was fed to ~500 mixed-breed beef cattle. Within hours of exposure, nearly half of the cattle developed lethargy, anorexia, depression, and recumbency, followed by bellowing, colic, and death. Even though the uneaten contaminated hay was removed the first day, nearly 100 animals died within the first 48 h. Three of these cattle were examined postmortem, and tissues and hay samples were collected for microscopic and chemical analysis. Several days later, a smaller number of the clinically poisoned cattle developed neurologic disease with aberrant behavior, aggression, icterus, blindness, exhaustion, and death. A total of 165 cattle were fatally poisoned. Poisoned cattle had swollen, dark, mottled livers that had a prominent nutmeg-like lobular pattern on cut section. Histologically, there was severe centrilobular-to-panlobular hepatic necrosis with marked hepatocellular swelling, degeneration, and necrosis. The surviving cattle developed liver disease characterized by altered serum biochemical analyses and microscopic hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis. In subsequent biopsies and analysis, these lesions resolved within 6–7 mo. After confirming toxicity of the hay in cattle, goats, and mice, followed by a mouse bioassay–guided chemical fractionation process, Salvia reflexa was identified as the contaminant in the hay responsible for the hepatotoxicity. S. reflexa has not been reported previously to cause fatal hepatotoxicity in livestock in North America, to our knowledge.     

铜、锌离子影响丹参金属硫蛋白MT2基因表达

植物金属硫蛋白在金属离子的储存、运输和代谢及降低重金属离子的毒性等方面起着重要作用本文研究了Cu2 、Zn2 对丹参毛状根中金属硫蛋白基因表达的影响.以6,7-V为液体培养基,分别以缺乏正常及原培养基100、500、1 000倍的cu2 、Zn2 处理,采用半定量PCR法检测不同时间点时金属硫蛋基因的表达情况.结果发现Cu2 、Zn2 诱导金属硫蛋基因的表达量分别在100倍处理量时的9 h和6 d达到峰值Cu2 、Zn2 能显著诱导丹参金属硫蛋白基因的表达,该基因可能在丹参对铜、锌元素的吸收方面发挥着重要的作用.     

丹参海藻糖-6-磷酸合成酶基因（SmTPS）的克隆及其表达分析

对丹参EST序列进行Blast分析,得到一条海藻糖-6-磷酸合成酶（TPS）基因,将其命名为SmTPS,GenBank注册号为JF937196。该基因cDNA全长2836 bp,包含一个长为2574 bp的ORF,编码857个氨基酸。生物信息学分析表明,分子量为97.04 kD,等电点为5.76,含α-螺旋、β转角、延伸连和无规则卷曲。该蛋白同时具有海藻糖-6-磷酸合成酶（TPS）和海藻糖-6-磷酸磷酸酯酶（TPP）的功能结构域。系统进化树分析表明丹参TPS功能域和拟南芥AtTPS6属于一类,而TPP功能域与低等生物酵母ScTPS2属于一类。实时定量PCR结果分析表明,SmTPS基因在丹参不同组织器官中差异表达,其茎中表达量最高。在干旱和低温处理下,其表达量与对照相比均可上调约2倍,表明SmTPS基因在丹参抵抗干旱和低温胁迫中发挥一定的作用。     

丹参DHN2基因的克隆与序列分析

本文以组织培养2～13周的丹参幼苗为材料，构建丹参cDNA文库并进行大规模EST序列分析，所得序列经NCBI的BLAST工具分析，克隆号为rsmsxl_014903．y1．scf序列与晚期胚胎丰富(late embryogenesis abundant)基因家族Ⅱ中的成员有较高的同源性。该序列全长864bp，包含1个长726bp开放阅读框(ORF)，编码241个氨基酸，并含有ⅡLEA蛋白的特征序列，与NCBI注册的脱水素家族基因具有较高的同源性，表明本基因可能是一种新的脱水素基因，命名为DHN2，并在GenBank上进行了注册，序列号为：AY737725。     

丹参膜上倾斜移栽机构设计与试验

针对丹参膜上倾斜移栽人工作业效率和质量较低、劳动强度较大、现有移栽机不适合丹参膜上倾斜移栽等问题,结合丹参大垄双行覆膜高效生产技术提出的膜上倾斜移栽农艺要求,设计一种基于变形椭圆齿轮-双变速曲柄五杆机构的鸭嘴式丹参膜上倾斜移栽机构。在移栽机构所要求的运动轨迹、栽植器倾斜姿态和设计要求的基础上,分析机构的工作原理并建立机构理论模型。依据数学模型运用Matlab开发出移栽机构人机交互可视化辅助程序,应用该辅助程序研究机构参数对栽植器倾斜角和栽植器端点轨迹的影响规律,通过人机交互的方式得到符合丹参膜上倾斜移栽机构农艺要求的参数组合。根据优化后的参数组合设计样机并进行虚拟仿真和样机田间试验,试验结果表明:变形椭圆齿轮-双变速曲柄五杆式丹参膜上倾斜移栽机构在满足丹参膜上倾斜移栽要求的同时能保证作业质量,移栽机构的立苗角度合格率为90. 7%、漏栽率为2. 7%、株距变异系数为5. 6%、栽植深度合格率为93. 7%。