Soil colloids-bound plasmid DNA: Effect on transformation of E. coli and resistance to DNase I degradation

The adsorption and binding of plasmid p34S DNA on four different colloidal fractions from a Brown soil and clay minerals in the presence of various Ca²⁺ concentrations, the ability of bound DNA to transform competent cells of CaCl₂-treated Escherichia coli, and the resistance of bound DNA to degradation by DNase I were studied. DNA adsorption on soil colloids and clay minerals was promoted in the presence of Ca²⁺. Kaolinite exhibited the highest adsorption affinity for DNA among the examined soil colloids and clay minerals. In comparison with organo-mineral complexes (organic clays) and fine clays (<0.2 μm), DNA was tightly adsorbed by H₂O₂-treated clays (inorganic clays) and coarse clays (0.2-2 μm). The transformation efficiency of bound DNA increased with increasing concentrations of Ca²⁺ at which soil colloid or clay mineral-DNA complexes were formed. DNA bound by kaolinite showed the lowest transformation efficiency, and especially no transformants were observed with kaolinite-DNA complex prepared at 5-100 mM Ca²⁺. Compared to organic clays and fine clays, DNA bound on inorganic clays and coarse clays showed a lower capacity to transform E. coli at different Ca²⁺ concentrations. The presence of soil colloids and minerals provided protection to DNA against degradation by DNase I. Montmorillonite, organic clays and fine clays showed stronger protective effects for DNA than inorganic clays and coarse clays. The protection mechanisms as well as the differences in transforming efficiency of plasmid DNA molecules bound on various soil colloidal particles are discussed. The information obtained in this study is of fundamental significance for the understanding of the horizontal dissemination of recombinant DNA and the fate of extracellular DNA in soil environments.     

来自海南等地的17个Bt分离株质粒多样性分析

本研究采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳对分离白海南岛的12个反菌株与分离自广西、黑龙江的5株＆菌株及2株胁模式菌株进行质粒数量、大小等特征分析。19个供试菌株可区分为16种独特的质粒电泳图谱,充分显示出不同来源肪菌株的质粒多样性。进一步选择了其中的10个菌株,利用包埋法制备琼脂块进行脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）,结果表明苏云金芽孢杆菌大质粒组成特征也具有丰富多样性。但是供试菌株的质粒电泳图谱并未体现与地理和生态特征相关联的特征差异。研究结果初步证实海南分离株S3078—1是一株无内生质粒的助菌株,而S3031-1和S3073—1两个分离株仅有一个大质粒存在,这三个分离株将为进一步研究质粒功能提供初始菌株。本研究进一步暗示将琼脂糖凝胶电泳和脉冲场凝胶电泳结合起来研究质粒特征提高了结果的可靠性。     

转基因大豆MON89788检测质粒标准分子构建与应用

[目的]构建适用于转基因大豆MON89788检测的质粒标准分子.[方法]利用定性PCR和连接、转化等分子克隆技术,将大豆内标准基因lectin、MON89788的3'端特异性序列和5'端特异性序列依次克隆到pMD18-T载体上,获得质粒标准分子pMD-LM3M5,并进行适用性验证.[结果]获得了3 700 bp的质粒标准分子,其中重组DNA片段1 029 bp.该质粒标准分子的定性PCR检测灵敏度达到10 copy.[结论]该研究构建的质粒标准分子pMD-LM3M5能替代NON89788基体标准品,用于MON89788大豆及其产品的定性PCR检测. Abstract： [Objective] The aim was to construct a plasmid reference molecule (PRM) for detection of transgenic soybean MON89788.[Method]the lectin gene sequence,3'-junction and 5'-junction sequence between host plant DNA integrated DNA of MON89788 soybean were amplified independently,and the three fragments were cloned into the cloning vector pMD18-T in order through molecular manipulation method to construct pMD-LM3M5,the applicability of the constructed novel PRM was tested. [Result] Sequencing confirmation result showed that the PRM was 3 700 bp in length,containing 1 029 bp of recombined DNA fragment.The limits of qualitative detection of the PRM were 10 copies,[Conclusion]The PRM constructed in this study was suitable for the identification of MON89788 event.     

河南省鸡致病性大肠杆菌耐药性质粒的研究

对河南省32个县市的93株鸡致病性大肠杆菌进行耐药性质粒的分析,并对其中12株100%耐庆大霉素(GM)的菌株进行耐药质粒的转化试验,成功获取了2个转化子。质粒检测结果表明:93株鸡致病性大肠杆菌可以分为49种质粒图谱类型,质粒电泳条带最多6条,最少1条,其中质粒图谱为1条条带的菌株占测试菌株的45.16%;同一地区、同一鸡场菌株的质粒图谱相同或相似,不同地区菌株的质粒图谱不同,但它们之间会有相同或相近的少量流行质粒存在。质粒转化结果表明:同一质粒可编码1个至数个抗药性基因,不同质粒可以携带相同或不同的抗性基因,证明了质粒可以传递多种耐药性,细菌的抗药性与抗药性质粒的转移有很大关系。     

质粒介导的氟喹诺酮类抗生素耐药机制研究进展

近年来,质粒介导的耐药已经成为细菌对氟喹诺酮类抗生素耐药(PMQR)的主要机制之一。质粒携带的耐药基因种类不断增多,且其耐药基因可随质粒在不同种属细菌间相互传递,进而引起细菌耐药性的广泛传播,得到了国内外相关工作者的高度关注。本文将就近年来有关质粒携带氟喹诺酮类药物耐药基因的研究进展做以综述,为其耐药机制进一步研究奠定理论基础。     

10株鸡源奇异变形杆菌的质粒消除及耐药性研究

为建立SDS消除奇异变形杆菌质粒的方法,了解奇异变形杆菌的质粒与奇异变形杆菌耐药性表型之间的关系,采用正交设计的试验方法研究奇异变形杆菌的消除条件,并采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳的方法进行验证,筛选出质粒消除效果最佳的试验条件。采用微量稀释法进行质粒消除前后奇异变形杆菌对13种抗生素的药敏性测定。结果显示,消除效果最好的条件为消除剂SDS浓度0.2%,温度42℃,消除72 h。将该组消除后不含质粒的奇异变形杆菌与原含质粒奇异变形杆进行耐药性试验,结果表明,10株鸡源奇异变形杆菌消除质粒后,其中9株对头孢噻呋的药物敏感性由耐药变为敏感。     

海南木豆丛枝植原体质粒全序列测定及分析

提取木豆叶片基因组总DNA,通过克隆,测序木豆丛枝植原体海南株系质粒(pPPWB-Hn)的完整DNA序列,并使用生物信息学软件对该质粒全长序列进行分析。分析结果显示:pPPWB-Hn质粒全长4 218 bp,含有4个开放阅读框,分别编码Rep、dnaG、threonine synthase和未知蛋白。其中,Rep是2次跨膜蛋白,dnaG是单次跨膜蛋白,Rep和dnaG均与质粒自主复制有关。Rep和未知蛋白可能分布在细胞质中,dnaG可能定位到细胞膜上或膜外,Threonine synthase可能定位到线粒体膜上或线粒体内腔。系统进化树显示:pPPWB-Hn与植原体16SrⅡ组的pPNWB(AY270152),pTBBperi(DQ119297)及pTBBcap(DQ119296)处在同一进化分支。     

牛生发泡期裸卵体外成熟培养体系的建立

本研究通过牛(Bos taurus)卵母细胞体外成熟培养不同时间(0和10 h),剥除卵母细胞外周的颗粒细胞后继续培养,观察其与不脱颗粒细胞正常体外成熟培养卵母细胞之间的差异.研究结果显示:成熟培养0脱颗粒细胞的卵母细胞,与正常成熟培养的卵母细胞在成熟率(19.51%vs.80.14%,P<0.05)、卵裂率(27.08%vs.82.61%,P<0.05)和孤雌激活胚胎囊胚率(7.69%vs.21.71%,P<0.05)差异显著;成熟培养10 h后脱颗粒细胞的牛卵母细胞,与正常体外成熟培养的卵母细胞相比,在成熟率(82.71%vs.80.14%,P>0.05)、卵裂率(83.01%vs.82.61%,P>0.05)和孤雌激活胚胎囊胚率(19.30%vs.21.71%,P>0.05)无显著差异.向成熟培养10h脱颗粒细胞的卵母细胞内注射pVenus-Hlfoo mRNA,pVenus,pDsRed1-N1和重组质粒pDsRedl-Hle都能够得到表达.非功能标记基因显微注射组与对照组在卵母细胞成熟率(81.42%vs.82.03%,P>0.05)、卵裂率(75.24%vs.78.15%,P>0.05)和孤雌激活胚胎囊胚率(17.42%vs.18.82%,P>0.05)上差异不显著.研究结果提示:在成熟培养10 h,剥离颗粒细胞不会影响牛卵母细胞的发育潜能,这一技术平台可以用于牛卵母细胞体外成熟分子机制的研究.     

基因枪法获得转基因小麦植株

 利用适用于禾谷类作物的表达载体 pGU4ABBar,采用基因枪法 ,将人工合成的苏云金芽孢杆菌杀虫晶体蛋白基因cryIa导入小麦品种扬麦 15 8,经PCR和Southernblot鉴定 ,证明获得 4株导入cryIa基因的小麦转基因植株 ,转化率约为 0 .7% ,并通过Westernblot鉴定检测到了目的蛋白的表达。     

脂质体介导质粒DNA法转染藏鸡成纤维细胞的研究

采用Lipofectin阳离子脂质体介导质粒DNA转染藏鸡成纤维细胞,通过优化重组质粒转染细胞的各种参数以寻求最佳的转染条件。结果表明:6孔培养板中细胞汇合度达70%~80%时,用2μL脂质体介导1.5μg重组质粒转染10 h即可获得较满意的转染效率。说明Lipofectin能有效介导质粒pEGFP-N3转染藏鸡成纤维细胞,转染率与细胞生长汇合程度、脂质体包被质粒的浓度比例及转染时间直接相关。