薰衣草茎段再生体系的建立

以薰衣草带芽茎段为外植体,探讨不同激素种类与水平等因素对其愈伤诱导、不定芽分化、增殖与不定根形成的影响,并筛选了薰衣草试管苗过渡移栽的适宜基质等。试验结果表明:不定芽启动培养以MS+BA1.0~2.0mg/L+蔗糖30g/L+琼脂6.5g/L为宜;继代增殖以MS+BA1.0~2.0mg/L+IBA0.25mg/L+GA1.0mg/L+蔗糖30g/L+琼脂6.5g/L为宜;不定根分化以White+IBA0.4mg/L+蔗糖20g/L+琼脂6.5g/L或White+NAA0.8mg/L+蔗糖20g/L+琼脂6.5 g/L为宜。     

宽叶薰衣草扦插繁殖的影响因素研究

为了有效利用扦插技术在我国南方地区生产出优质的薰衣草苗,以薰衣草半年生枝条为试材,比较研究了不同基质、不同部位插穗及不同浓度的NAA和IBA(0、20、100、300、500、800 mg/L)对插穗苗生长的影响。结果表明:基质对扦插成活率及苗期生长有一定的影响,以②园土∶草炭土=9∶1为插壤时地下部分生长最好;③园土∶生物碳=9∶1为插壤时地上部分生长最好,在扦插时应选择稍部的插穗,用300 mg/L的IBA处理插穗苗期生长效果最佳,后期生长成苗效果最好。     

薰衣草精气与精油化学成分的比较

对薰衣草精气与精油化学成分进行比较.结果表明,薰衣草精油共鉴定出39种化合物,其主要成分为芳樟醇(37.03％)、乙酸芳樟酯(22.34％)、乙酸薰衣草酯(14.55％)、α-松油醇(4.03％)、乙酸香叶酯(2.05％).薰衣草精气共鉴定出13种化合物,其主要成分为对异丙基甲苯(23.17％)、柠檬烯(20.76％)、1-甲基-4-(1-甲基乙烯基)苯(17.58％).薰衣革精气和精油在化学成分和相对含量上有很大不同,不能以精油的成分作为精气医用诊疗或保健养生的依据.     

羽叶薰衣草的组织培养

以羽叶薰衣草(Lavandula pinnata L.)茎段为外植体进行离体培养,探讨羽叶薰衣草外植体的消毒灭菌、增殖培养、生根培养、炼苗移栽等一系列技术措施。结果表明:用0.1%HgCl2处理羽叶薰衣草外植体6~8 min的效果较好;外植体在含0.8 mg/L 6-BA及0.1 mg/LNAA的MS培养基中培养,增殖效果较好,培养42 d后,平均增殖系数达11.3;较合适的试管苗生根培养基为含0.2 mg/L NAA的1/2 MS培养基,培养21 d后,生根率为98.2%,平均每株生根12.5条;炼苗后移栽成活率达95.0%以上。     

常温条件下薰衣草精气成分研究

研究常温条件下薰衣草精气的化学成分及含量。用抽滤瓶和大气采样器采集薰衣草精气,通过气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)对其进行分析鉴定,峰面积归一法测定各成分GC含量。常温条件下共鉴定出13种化合物,其主要成分为对异丙基甲苯(23.17%)、柠檬烯(20.76%)和1-甲基-4-(1-甲基乙烯基)苯(17.58%)。与前人所鉴定出的薰衣草精油成分比较表明,薰衣草精气和精油的化学组成是不同的。     

The antimicrobial activity of lavender essential oil (Lavandula angustifolia) and its influence on the production performance of broiler chickens

The aim of the study was the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity (in vitro) of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) essential oil (LEO) and the effect of its addition to the drinking water of broiler chickens on their production performance. Antimicrobial activity was determined by establishing the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using a series of microdilutions. Bird experiments were carried out on a commercial farm on 300 Ross 308 broilers. One‐day‐old chicks were randomly assigned to three experimental groups of 100 individuals (five replications of 20 individuals each). In the control group, chickens received drinking water without added essential oil throughout the rearing period. In the LEO_0.2 and LEO_0.4 groups, from 1 to 42 days of bird life, the LEO_0.2 group had 0.2 ml/L of essential lavender oil added to the drinking water, while LEO_0.4 had 0.4 ml/L added. The results of the experiment showed the antimicrobial activity of LEO and its positive effect on the production results of broiler chickens. Application of higher concentration of essential oil (0.4 ml/L) significantly affected production results (BW, FCR, WCR—p < .01). No differences were observed in FI, WI, F:W and mortality (p > .05). In vitro studies indicate a significant effect of LEO on the inhibition of microbial growth. These results encourage further studies on a larger scale that will confirm antimicrobial efficiency and define the mechanisms of action of Lavandula angustifolia essential oil and its individual components.     

AM真菌对桔梗和薰衣草生长和生理的影响

于盆栽条件下试验了不同丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal,AM)真菌摩西球囊霉(Glomus mosseae)、根内球囊霉(Glomus intraradices)和混合菌种(Glomus mosseae+Glomus intraradices)对桔梗(Platycodon grandi florum)薰衣草(Lavandula angusti folia)生长和部分生理指标的影响.结果表明,接种AM真菌60 d后,桔梗和薰衣草以接种混合菌种处理的侵染率最高,分别为38％和30％;供试AM真菌促进桔梗和薰衣草生长,接种混合菌种的桔梗和薰衣草地上鲜重分别比对照显著提高了61％和74％(P＜0.05);接种处理的植株比对照花期提前、花量增大;接种处理还提高根系活力,其中,以混合菌种效果最佳,接种混合菌种的桔梗植株比对照提高153％;接种AM真菌提高了两种植物叶绿素总含量、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量.结论认为G.mosseae与G.intraradices组成的混合菌剂在桔梗和薰衣草生产栽培中具有较大应用潜力.     

抗生素对薰衣草愈伤组织诱导和生长的影响

研究了卡那霉素（Kanamycin）和头孢霉素（Cefotaxime）对法国孟士德薰衣草（Lavandula angustifolia,cv．Munstead）愈伤组织诱导和生长的影响。结果表明：在以卡那霉素为抗性选择标记时,叶盘的选择压力为10mg／L,愈伤组织的选择压力为20mg／L;在以头孢噻肟钠为抑菌剂用于薰衣草叶盘遗传转化实验时,其浓度为200mg／L时即可有效抑制农杆菌的生长,同时又不会对薰衣草愈伤组织产生明显的伤害作用。     

Zinc Sulfate Foliar Application Effects on Some Physiological Characteristics and Phenolic and Essential Oil Contents of Lavandula stoechas L. Under Sodium Chloride (NaCl) Salinity Conditions

Lavandula stoechas L. plant is a perennial evergreen used as a fragrant ornamental and medicinal plant. In order to study the effect of foliar spray of zinc sulfate (ZnSO₄) (0, 1000, and 2000 mgL^?1) and sodium chloride (NaCl) salinity (0, 75, and 150 mM) on some physiological characteristics of Lavandula stoechas L. plants, a pot experiment was carried out at the Research Greenhouse of Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Iran. Physiological characteristics [root and leaf dry weights, total soluble solids (TSSs), total anthocyanins, chlorophyll b, Zn²⁺, potassium (K⁺) contents, and K⁺/Na⁺ ratio] were significantly affected by the interaction effects of ZnSO₄ foliar application and salinity levels. The highest root dry weight, chlorophyll b, anthocyanin, and Zn contents as well as TSS were found in the plants with NaCl₀ × ZnSO_{4 2000} mgL^?1. For Na⁺, the greatest value was recorded with NaCl ₁₅₀ × ZnSO₄₀. The highest K⁺/Na⁺ ratio was found in the control plants. Foliar application of ZnSO₄ promoted the total phenolic content, especially at 2000 mgL^–1. The highest amounts of flower dry weights were recorded at NaCl₀. Chlorophyll a, total flavonoids, stem dry weight, and essential oil content were affected with ZnSO₄ treatment and salinity levels. The highest values for the essential oil content, chlorophyll a content, and stem dry weight were attained by the nonsaline treatment. Both foliar application levels positively influenced the essential oil and flavonoid contents of the plants. The results reveal that zinc application had marked effects on the physiological characteristics of Lavandula stoechas L. plants growing under salinity stress conditions.