The impact of Septoria tritici blotch in bread making quality among argentinean wheat cultivars

Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by Zymoseptoria tritici is a relevant foliar wheat disease worldwide. Several reports show the importance of STB on grain yield, their components and grain protein while little is known about its effect on the rheological properties of the wheat flour. The scarce literature found, only mentions the effect of the complex of foliar diseases on wheat quality, without individualizing the effect of the different pathogens separately. This study analyze the influence of increasing doses of inoculum of Zymoseptoria tritici, on the bread making quality of ten Argentinean wheat cultivars and its possible variation according to their quality group. The increase of inoculum concentration augmented the area under disease progress curve, decreased green flag leaf area duration and green leaf area duration. Cultivars K. Flecha and B.75 Aniversario had the lowest green flag leaf area duration causing higher reduction in grain filling period and higher reductions in P, indicating a lower gliadin/glutenin ratio. STB decreased P/L and E while L, W, D, SV and bread volume increased. Cultivars differed in rheological parameters according to their quality group. Gluten/protein relationship was significant in quality group 1 and non-significant in cultivars belonging to quality group 2 and 3.     

The effect of sprinkler and drip irrigation on lime-induced chlorosis of citrus

Trials were carried out on grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) ‘Marsh Seedless’ and orange (C. sinensis L.) ‘Valencia’, both on Sour orange (C. aurantium L.) rootstock. Shortening the interval between sprinkler irrigations increased the occurrence of lime-induced chlorosis (LIC), as indicated by reduced leaf chlorophyll and peroxidase enzyme activity. Drip irrigation, on the other hand, corrected LIC and increased leaf chlorophyll, peroxidase activity and photosynthesis.