Characteristics of 18F-FDG and 18F-FDOPA PET in an 8-year-old neutered male Yorkshire Terrier dog with glioma: long-term chemotherapy using hydroxyurea plus imatinib with prednisolone and immunoreactivity for PDGFR-β and LAT1

An 8-year-old neutered male Yorkshire Terrier dog presented with head pressing, vestibular ataxia, neck tenderness, and no oculocephalic reflex. A demarcated lesion in the pons was identified on MRI. The patient was tentatively diagnosed with a glioma and was treated with hydroxyurea plus imatinib and prednisolone. After 30 days of therapeutic treatment, the patient showed a clear improvement in neurological signs, which lasted for 1117 days. On day 569 after the initiation of treatment, ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) was performed with no significant findings on visual analysis. The average and maximal standardized uptake values (SUVs) were 1.92 and 2.29, respectively. The tumor-to-normal-tissue (T/N) ratio was 0.97. The first evidence of clinical deterioration was noticed on day 1147. On day 1155, 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[¹⁸F]-fluoro-l-phenylalanine (¹⁸F-FDOPA)-PET was performed. High uptake of ¹⁸F-FDOPA was observed in the intracranial lesion. The mean and maximal SUVs of the tumor were 1.59 and 2.29, respectively. The T/N ratio was 2.22. The patient was euthanized on day 1155 and histopathologic evaluations confirmed glioma (astrocytoma). This case shows that chemotherapy with hydroxyurea plus imatinib may be considered in the treatment of canine glioma. Furthermore, this is the first case describing the application of ¹⁸F-FDG and ¹⁸F-FDOPA in a dog with glioma.     

Binding Sites for Ca2+-Channel Effectors and Ryanodine in Periplaneta americana—Possible Targets for New Insecticides

The calcium channel and the ‘calcium release channel’ of muscle membrane of the cockroach Periplaneta americana have been characterized. Biological assays with calcium channel blockers and ryanodine on different insects and acari revealed pronounced insecticidal effects with ryanodine, but not with calcium channel blockers, at concentrations between 0·1 and 300 μg ml⁻¹. Skeletal muscle membranes derived either from the tubular network or from the sarcoplasmatic reticulum of P. americana were characterized with respect to the binding of the dihydropyridine (DHP) [³H]isradipine (PN 200-110), the phenyl-alkylamine [³H]verapamil and the alkaloid [³H]ryanodine. Preliminary binding studies with the benzothiazepine [³H]diltiazem suggest a low-affinity binding site with a IC₅₀ value of 3·3 μM . All binding sites tested were sensitive to treatment with proteinase K. Optimal conditions for binding of the radioligand ryanodine revealed the highest specific binding at pH 8 and at calcium chloride concentrations between 100 and 500 μM . EGTA at 10 μM abolished 95% of the ryanodine binding. Binding studies with calcium channel binding sites revealed a pronounced effect of low Ca²⁺ concentrations on specific isradipine binding, whereas verapamil and diltiazem binding were only reduced by the presence of 200 μM EGTA. With respect to high Ca²⁺ concentrations, specific binding of diltiazem, isradipine and verapamil was reduced by 73, 40 and 20%, respectively, at 5 mM Ca²⁺. Radioligand binding experiments showed high-affinity binding sites for ryanodine and isradipine. K_D values of 0·95 nM (B_max=550 fmol mg⁻¹ protein) and 0·75 nM (B_max=213 fmol mg⁻¹ protein) were determined respectively. A lower-affinity binding site was identified in binding studies with verapamil (K_D=7·4 nM and B_max=27 fmol mg⁻¹ protein). [³H]isradipine displacement studies with several dihydropyridines revealed the following ranking of affinity: nitrendipine>isradipine>Bay K8664≪nicardipine. Displacement of [³H]verapamil binding by effectors of the phenylalkylamine binding site showed that bepridil and S(-)verapamil had the highest affinities of the compounds tested followed by (±)verapamil, nor-methylverapamil and R(+)verapamil.     

海洋L形立管系统不稳定流简化计算模型

根据严重段塞流4个阶段的特点,针对L形立管系统不稳定流建立了一维准平衡态简化计算模型,其忽略摩阻和加速度的影响,立管中气相穿透过程应用漂移流模型。气相穿透、气液喷发阶段采用特征线方法求解,并引入气相密度偏移修正过程,能够对典型严重段塞流和液塞长度小于立管高度的过渡严重段塞流进行模拟。将模型计算结果与实验室结果以及其他文献的实验数据进行对比,结果表明模型能够对L形立管系统中的两相不稳定流动进行较准确的模拟。（图2,表3,参16）。     

热棒位置与热棒效果关系的研究

热棒主要是在冬季将地下的热通过热棒导向大气,使冻土范围和冻土上限都变大,这样使冻土路基更加稳定.由于热棒只能影响一定的区域,所以热棒的埋设位置对热棒保护路基土有很大的影响,本文通过MRDT600温度监测系统对埋设直插型热棒的试验路路基与埋设了斜插型热棒的试验路路基进行温度监测.通过对监测的温度数据进行分析和对比,总结直棒、斜棒与L型热棒在保护冻土路基方面的优缺点.     

Cx43 is involved in electrical remodeling of atrial myocytes through regulating L-type calcium current

AIM: To investigate whether the association of connexin 43(Cx43) and L-type calcium channel involved in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS: The biochemical assays and whole-cell patch-clamp technique were used to study the expression of Cx43 in human atrial tissue. The co-localization of Cx43 and L -type calcium channel, and the regulation of L-type calcium current in atrial myocytes were investigated. RESULTS: The expression of Cx43 at mRNA and protein levels was decreased in human atrial tissues of AF patients. In cultured atrium-derived myocytes (HL-1 cells), knockdown of Cx43 significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of L-type calcium channel α1c subunit, as well as L-type calcium current. Co-localization of Cx43 with L-type calcium channel α1c subunit in mouse atrial myocytes was observed. CONCLUSION: The decrease in Cx43 is involved in the pathogenesis of AF, probably through reducing the L-type calcium current in atrial myoctyes by co-localization with L-type calcium channel, thus representing the potential pathogenesis in atrial fibrillation.     

Effects of Tian ma gou teng decoction on the serum free calcium concentration and the L-type calcium channels in the vascular smooth muscle cells in spontaneously hypertensive rats

AIM: The research was to investigate the effects of the Tian ma gou teng decoction on the electric physiology feature of L-type calcium channels in the vascular smooth muscle cells in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), and to further explain the mechanism of the Tian ma gou teng decoction in the intervention of blood pressure.METHODS: 12-week-old SHRs were assigned randomly into five groups：group A (treated with Tian ma gou teng decoction), group B (treated with Tian ma gou teng decoction with subtraction concha haliotidis), group C (treated with nifedipine), group D (treated with concha haliotidis), group E (treated with normal saline as control), each group consisted of 9 rats. After treatments were conducted for 4 weeks, the free calcium concentration in serum was measured. The electric physiology feature of L-type calcium channels in the vascular smooth muscle cells was analyzed by patch clamp technique (PCT).RESULTS: No significant difference between group A and group C was observed in the serum free calcium concentration (P>0.05). There were significant differences among group B, group D and group E (P<0.05), compared to before treatment, the change in group E was the most obvious. A decrease in the L-type calcium channel current of vascular smooth muscle cells was observed in group A and group C. The function of group D was feeble, no decrease in the L-type calcium channels current of vascular smooth muscle cells was observed in group B and group E.CONCLUSION: Tian ma gou teng decoction can increase the serum free calcium concentration and block the L-type calcium channel current in vascular smooth muscle cells, indicating one of the mechanism of intervention of blood pressure.     

Effect of lipopolysaccharide on L-type voltage-gated calcium channel currents in primarily cultured rat caudate nucleus neurons and its modulation by 2-arachidonoylglycerol

AIM: To explore whether L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (L-VGCC) currents are involved in neurotoxicity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the neuroprotective mechanism of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in caudate nucleus (CN) neurons. METHODS: On the 7th day, the primarily cultured CN neurons were treated with 2-AG, LPS, SR141716A (a CB1 receptor inverse agonist) and AM630 (a CB2 receptor inverse agonist) for 12 h. The L-VGCC currents in the CN neurons were recorded using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Hoechst staining was used to detect the effect of 2-AG on neurotoxicity of LPS. Caspase-3 assay kit was used to determine the activity of caspase-3 induced by LPS alone or with 2-AG. RESULTS: LPS enhanced the current density of L-VGCC, but did not influence the activation and deactivation of L-VGCC. 2-AG inhibited the enhancement of L-VGCC currents induced by LPS. The effect of 2-AG on the suppression of L-VGCC currents induced by LPS was not mediated through CB1 or CB2 receptor. 2-AG alone did not affect the L-VGCC currents, activation and deactivation in the CN neurons. 2-AG inhibited LPS-induced elevated activity of caspase-3 in the CN neurons. This effect was inhibited by SR141716A. 2-AG inhibited the cell apoptosis induced by LPS, and this effect was mediated via CB1 receptor. CONCLUSION: Endocannabinoid 2-AG may exert the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects through the modulation of L-VGCC currents in primarily cultured rat CN neurons.     

SHR大鼠心室肌细胞分离方法改进及其L-型钙电流的观察

文章探索建立简单可靠的SHR大鼠心室肌细胞的分离方法,提高细胞存活率和膜片钳试验成功率。采用Langendorff灌流装置,离体心脏逆向灌流,分离单个SHR大鼠心室肌细胞。使用膜片钳全细胞记录技术,记录大鼠心室肌细胞L-型钙电流。通过对细胞的观察发现,细胞呈长杆状,横纹清晰,细胞膜结构完整。膜片钳全细胞记录到典型的L-型钙电流,激活电位-40 mV,峰值电位0 mV,反转电位+50～+60 mV,呈现出电压依赖性。观察到的L-型钙电流可被钙通道阻滞剂维拉帕米抑制。结果表明,采用的大鼠心肌细胞分离方法可分离制备出适合膜片钳电生理观察的心肌细胞标本。     

L型木塑构件结构强度特性的研究

将L型构件简化成L型构件模型,并将其连接看作是半刚性节点,通过最大破坏载荷、角应变、抵抗弯矩、等效弹性模量等指标,分析了不同臂长对木塑L型构件结构强度的影响.研究结果表明:臂长对木塑L型构件结构强度的影响显著,且臂长越短,结构强度越大.臂长对连接结构强度也有较大的影响,臂长在150 mm左右时,连接性能最好.     

引导孔孔径对塑木构件结构强度影响

塑木复合材料作为一种新型材料,其螺钉连接能否沿用木材或人造板材料的连接方式尚有待于研究.而引导孔孔径是影响木材和人造板材螺钉连接强度的重要因素,本文通过对塑木复合材料的握钉力和L型构件结构强度的测试,得出塑木构件螺钉连接强度的最佳引导孔孔径.