Effects of sodium ferulate on the nonenzymatic glycation and oxidation in kidneys of diabetic rats

AIM: To investigate the blocking effects of sodium ferulate (SF) on the nonenzymatic glycation and oxidation in kidneys of diabetic rats. METHODS: The diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ) were treated with SF (110 mg/kg) per day for 8 weeks. The renal weight/body weight, clearance rate of creatinine (Ccr), proteinuria, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in renal cortex, and the malonyldialdehyde (MDA), fructosamine (FMN), antioxidant enzymes in serum and renal cortex were measured. The pathologic changes of kidneys were also observed. RESULTS: The levels of Ccr, proteinuria, FMN and AGEs in renal cortex, FMN in serum, and renal weight/body weight in diabetic control group were significantly higher than those in normal control group. In the diabetic control group, there was a highter level of MDA and a lower activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in serum and renal cortex than those in normal control group. Except for FMN in renal cortex, the abnormalities were significantly ameliorated in the treatment group. The pathologic changes was significant in the diabetic control group, which was significantly ameliorated with the treatment of SF. CONCLUSIONS: SF protects the activity of antioxidant enzymes, clears away oxygen radicals and inhibits the deposit of AGEs in kindey, which may be the mechanisms of protecting effects of SF on kindey in diabetic rats.     

Repellency and toxicity of aromatic plant extracts against the mosquito Culex pipiens molestus (Diptera: Culicidae)

The insecticidal activities of essential oil extracts from leaves, flowers and roots of aromatic plants against fourth-instar larvae of the mosquito Culex pipiens molestus Forskal were determined. Extracts of Foeniculum vulgare Mill were the most toxic, followed by those of Ferula hermonis Boiss, Citrus sinensis Osbeck, Pinus pinea L, Laurus nobilis L and Eucalyptus spp with LC50 values of 24.5, 44.0, 60.0, 75.0, 117.0 and 120.0 mg litre(-1), respectively. Combination tests between the LC50 and the maximum sub-lethal concentration (MSLC) were determined. Over 20 major components were identified in extracts from each plant species tested. Five essential oils and nine pure components were studied for their repellency against mosquito bites. Terpineol and 1,8-cineole were the most effective against Culex pipiens molestus bites offering complete protection for 1.6 and 2 h, respectively.     

中国伞形科阿魏属及相关类群的果实形态解剖特征及其分类学价值

本文主要采用GMA切片法,深入研究了伞形科芹亚科阿魏属18种(其中16种产自中国)及Dorema属2种果实的结构,结构显示所研究物种果实的分果均为背腹压扁,两个边脊形成翅,内果皮由薄壁细胞构成,结合面与果实宽度相同,两个相对的心皮柄及中果皮有球状结晶。根据果皮、油管及种皮结构可将研究物种分为两组:组1(包括阿魏属4种)油管有隔,中果皮纤维化,种皮均由长方形细胞构成;组2(包括阿魏属16种及Dorema属2种),油管无隔,中果皮由薄壁或轻微木化细胞构成,种皮多为大的方形细胞。Dorema同阿魏属一些物种果实结构非常相似。本研究支持经典分类学指出的阿魏属分类系统是人为的,为分子系统学显示的Dorema应移入阿魏属构成广义阿魏属,广义阿魏属是单系类群提供了形态学依据。     

Effects of sodium ferulate on function of macrophages in the colonic tissue of colitis rats

AIM: To explore the effects of sodium ferulate (SF) on function of macrophages in colonic tissue of the colitis rats in vivo. METHODS: The immunological colitis model of rats was produced. SF was used intracolonically for 21 days. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-1 (IL-1), TNF-α, myelopexoxidase (MPO), and the expression level of NF-κB p65 in colonic tissue of the rats were detected. RESULTS: SF (200,400,800 mg/kg) decreased the elevated contents of MDA, NO, PGE₂, the activity of IL-1, TNF-α, MPO, and the expression level of NF-κB p65, while increased the reduced activity of SOD in colonic tissue of the colitis rats in a dose-depended manner. CONCLUSION: SF restrained the activity of activated colonic macrophages and relieved the colonic inflammation reaction in vivo in colitis rats, which may be related to the suppression of NF-κB activation.     

Inhibitory effects of Angelicae sinensis and sodium ferulate on acute inflammatory liver injury and expression of ICAM-1 and E-selectin in mice

AIM: To explore the effects of Angelicae sinensis preparation and sodium ferulate on inflammatory liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and their molecule mechanism. METHODS: ICR mice were divided into five groups: Angelicae sinensis group, sodium ferulate group, dexamethasone group, inflammation control group and normal group. The model of inflammatory injury in mice was set up by tail vein injection with the bacillus calmette-guerin (BCG) and LPS respectively prior and posterior to administration of those tested drugs. The tested drugs (the preparations of Angelica sinensis, sodium ferulate and dexamethasone) and normal saline were given respectively to the corresponding group. The pathological observation of the liver tissues in mice was made for the intensity of inflammatory liver injuries. The immunohistochemical detection and comparison were performed for the expression of ICAM-1 and E-selectin proteins in the liver tissues in those mice. RESULTS: The intensities of liver inflammatory injuries in mice from drug-treated groups were obviously lighter than that from the inflammation control group (P<0.01). The expressions of ICAM-1 and E-selectin proteins in the liver tissues of mice from the inflammation control group were not only significantly higher than that in normal control, but also obviously higher than that from drug-treated groups (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Angelica sinensis and sodium ferulate alleviate inflammatory liver injury induced by injection of LPS. Their suppressive effects on inflammatory liver injury may be associated with the decrease in the expression of ICAM-1 and E-selectin proteins.     

新疆阿魏杀灭钉螺及血吸虫毛蚴的研究

目的:探讨新疆阿魏杀灭钉螺及血吸虫毛蚴效果。方法:(1)将新疆阿魏根浸泡24h,水浸液煮1h,配制成不同浓度的溶液处理钉螺及血吸虫毛蚴。(2)以95%乙醇提取、溶剂萃取、硅胶柱色谱分离等方法从新疆阿魏根中提取分离得7种化合物,并将其配制成不同浓度溶液作浸杀钉螺及血吸虫毛蚴的试验,统计钉螺及血吸虫毛蚴死亡率。结果:阿魏水浸液及其有效化合物具有显著的杀灭钉螺及血吸虫毛蚴的活性。     

伞形科阿魏属和独活属花粉形态的比较研究

阿魏属和独活属都是伞形科中具有重要药用价值的植物。但是由于伞形科的分类系统是建立在典型的伞形花序和带有特殊分泌管的果实的基础之上的,使得分类学者在亚科、族、属和种的设立和分类方面存在分歧,实验主要针对阿魏属和独活属的花粉形状进行研究,对阿魏属和独活属植物的分类提供一些基础数据。利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜拍摄了伞形科阿魏属5种和独活属3种植物的花粉照片,进行了花粉形态的比较研究。结果表明,阿魏属花粉形状为长球形,而独活属花粉为超长球形;2属花粉外壁均具有网状纹饰,3孔沟。阿魏属和独活属植物的极轴平均长度分别为29.67μm和34.07μm,秩和检验表明二者差异显著;赤道轴平均长度17.07μm和15.65μm,差异不显著;极轴长/赤道宽的平均值分别为1.76和2.19,差异显著。     

Investigating the cytotoxic and apoptosis inducing effects of monoterpenoid stylosin in vitro

The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic and anticancer activities of stylosin, a monoterpene extracted from an edible plant, Ferula ovina, on 5637 and HFF3 cells using MTT and comet assays and DAPI staining.To assess stylosin effects, cells were cultured in the presence of various concentrations of stylosin during three days; the IC₅₀ of stylosin on cancerous 5637 cells was less than its value on HFF3 normal cells, indicating that it might have anticancer properties. Investigating the mechanism of stylosin action revealed that it quickly induced DNA lesions and increased the number of apoptotic cells.     

伞形科阿魏属和独活属花粉形态的比较研究

阿魏属和独活属都是伞形科中具有重要药用价值的植物。但是由于伞形科的分类系统是建立在典型的伞形花序和带有特殊分泌管的果实的基础之上的,使得分类学者在亚科、族、属和种的设立和分类方面存在分歧,实验主要针对阿魏属和独活属的花粉形状进行研究,对阿魏属和独活属植物的分类提供一些基础数据。利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜拍摄了伞形科阿魏属5种和独活属3种植物的花粉照片,进行了花粉形态的比较研究。结果表明,阿魏属花粉形状为长球形,而独活属花粉为超长球形;2属花粉外壁均具有网状纹饰,3孔沟。阿魏属和独活属植物的极轴平均长度分别为29.67μm和34.07μm,秩和检验表明二者差异显著;赤道轴平均长度17.07μm和15.65μm,差异不显著;极轴长/赤道宽的平均值分别为1.76和2.19,差异显著。     

新疆大果阿魏叶片及其油胶树脂化学成分研究

[目的]对大果阿魏的叶片挥发油化学成分进行了分析,寻找新疆阿魏和阜康阿魏的药用替代品。[方法]采用气相色谱-质谱联用法测定挥发油化学成分。[结果]从大果阿魏叶挥发油中分离出84个成分,鉴定出其中的78种化合物;树脂胶挥发油分离出77个成分,鉴定出63种化合物。[结论]运用气相色谱-质谱法分析阿魏挥发油,方法简便、准确,该研究结果对寻找新疆阿魏和阜康阿魏的代用品及为扩大阿魏药源具有重要意义.