台湾优良观赏花木八重绯寒樱嫁接繁育试验研究

利用福建山樱花野生单瓣种、浙闽樱和食用樱桃栽培品种小桃红为砧木,八重绯寒樱为接穗,通过对不同嫁接季节、不同嫁接方法、不同种砧木亲和力和不同类型砧木的嫁接对比试验,研究总结出有利于八重绯寒樱嫁接成活和生长的最佳嫁接季节、嫁接方法、砧木种及砧木类型。     

Comparison of floral ontogeny in wild-type and double-flowered phenotypes of Syringa vulgaris L. (Oleaceae)

A comparative study of floral ontogeny in normal and double-flowered phenotype of Syringa vulgaris was conducted using the epi-illumination light microscopy. In the wild phenotype, floral differentiation starts with calyx inception and the formation of four sepals in orthogonal positions (two median and two lateral). The corolla emerges as a continuous ring-like structure leading to the appearance of four petal lobes alternating with the sepals. Androecium was formed by initiation of two stamen primordia in transverse plane and finally the bicarpellate gynoecium emerges in median position. In the case of the double-flowered lilac, there are supernumerary petals in an additional whorl. In double-flowered phenotype, a ring meristem is formed acropetally after the first petal whorl initiates. Stamens and carpels initiated similarly in double-flowered as well as in wild-type plants. However, position of stamens deviates from the typical transverse situation. It seems that the appearing of an extra petal whorl did not exhibit any adverse effect on the initiation of other whorls, in terms of organ identity. Therefore, it would be suggested that the double-flowered phenotype of Syringa represents a case of neoheterotopy, with formation of an extra petal whorl, rather than a case of homoheterotopy with transformation of an ancestral androecium whorl into petals.     

重瓣长寿花组织培养再生体系的建立

以重瓣长寿花的茎段和叶片为外植体,利用单因子和交叉试验设计,探究了不同激素组合对叶片和茎段愈伤组织的诱导、分化及生根的影响,以及不同栽培基质对移栽成活率的影响。结果表明:适合愈伤组织诱导的外植体是茎段,最佳愈伤组织诱导培养基是MS+6-BA0.10 mg·L-1+2,4-D1.00 mg·L-1,以茎段为外植体的愈伤组织诱导率为100.000%;最佳的愈伤组织分化培养基是MS+6-BA1.00 mg·L-1,增殖系数达19.920;最佳的生根培养基是1/2MS+IBA0.50 mg·L-1,生根率为100.000%,根长3.87 cm;最佳的栽培基质是V(园土)∶V(蛭石)=2∶1,此时移栽成活率为95.710%。     

八重绯寒樱组培工厂化技术研究

阐述了八重绯寒樱的工厂化育苗技术。以萌芽条茎段为外植体材料,研究不同培养基和植物生长调节剂组合对八重绯寒樱组培快繁的影响,试验研究结果表明:八重绯寒樱较好的诱导培养基为:MS+6-BA0.8 mg·L^-1+IBA0.3 mg·L^-1+NAA 0.5 mg·L^-1+白糖30 g·L^-1+卡拉胶5.8 g·L^-1,诱导率达91.2%;继代增殖最佳培养基配方为改良MS+6-BA 0.5 mg·L^-1+IBA 0.1 mg·L^-1+NAA 0.3 mg·L^-1+白糖30 g·L^-1+卡拉胶5.8 g·L^-1,继代增殖系数可达3.8倍;根诱导最佳培养基配方为改良1/2MS+ABT 0.3 mg·L^-1+IBA 1.2 mg·L^-1+白糖30 g·L^-1+卡拉胶5.8 g·L^-1+活性炭0.2 g·L^-1+L-半胱氨1 mg·L^-1,生根率可达95.8%;八重绯寒樱的最佳组培苗移栽基质为泥炭:发酵杉木树皮:珍珠岩=2:1:1,30 d统计的移栽成活率94.8%。