施田补对胡萝卜田杂草的防治效果研究

[目的]探究施田补在青海西宁地区胡萝p田的使用效果并筛选最佳使用浓度。[方法]通过小区试验设计研究了不同浓度（500、1000、1500、2000和2500倍液）施田补对胡萝卜生长的影响及对田间杂草的防治效果。[结果]对胡萝卜田喷洒33％施田补1500倍液有显著的除草效果，增产效果达25％以上，不同时期的灭草率在92％以上，且使用安全。[结论]施田补可在西宁地区胡萝卜田推广使用。     

Identification of respiration rate and water activity change in fresh-cut carrots using biospeckle laser and frequency approach

For consumers, fresh-cut fruits and vegetables are a convenient product and a healthy source of fresh food that has nutritional and sensory characteristics similar to those of intact products. In this paper, a non-destructive method for analyzing fresh-cut fruit and vegetables is described. The biospeckle laser technique is based on the optical phenomenon of interference generated by a coherent light interacting with biological materials or dynamical systems. Although many publications on this technique's biological applications have reported that biospeckle activity corresponds to the activity of biological samples, there is some difficulty in determining the correlation between a particular phenomenon and the activity observed. In this study, we evaluated the use of biospeckle data for measuring the physiological properties of fresh-cut carrots stored at two temperatures (0 and 10 °C). In conjunction with the biospeckle activity, the moisture content, respiration rate, water activity, and mass loss changes were monitored using traditional analytical methods to evaluate the possible correlation of the biospeckle data with any of these phenomena with or without the use of frequency signatures. The results showed that the manifestation of water in the monitored activity was isolated only by removing these high frequencies, thus allowing the activity manifested in the material to be linked to a specific phenomenon, such as respiration. Therefore, we were able to monitor the respiration process in fresh-cut carrots and assign a spectral signature to their water content and respiration.     

农杆菌介导胡萝卜遗传转化体系的建立与转基因胡萝卜栽培试验

选黑田五寸胡萝卜栽培种,通过农杆菌介导的转化方法,获得转基因植株。结果表明:抗性愈伤和芽分化用不同浓度Kan筛选,Kan抗性芽的分化频率可达52%,Carb 500 mg/L能够完全抑制农杆菌的生长并能促进芽的分化;适当浓度的Cef对根形成有一定促进作用。转基因植株炼苗,采用塑料布覆盖并逐渐打开通风口通风的方法,抗性植株长势好,抗性强,成活率可以提高35%。低温春化,大棚和陆地相比,死亡率降低了49.5%。对7个株系T1植株的PCR分析,得出其中两株系接近1∶1,另两株系为1∶3。     

Effect of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on yields and nutrient levels in carrots grown on sphagnum peat and mineral soils.

Abstract

Carrots, Daucus carota L., were grown on both sphagnum peat and mineral soils from 1969 to 1972 inclusive. Fertilizer treatments consisted of three rates of N, of P and of K applied in all possible combinations.

In practically every instance rates of N, P and K applied to sphagnum peat were reflected in the levels of these nutrients found in carrot leaves. This was not the case with mineral soils. On sphagnum peat there were eight opportunities, and on mineral soils seven, for each of the three applied nutrients to influence yields. On peat N increased yields in three instances, P in one and K in five. On mineral soils N decreased yields in two instances, P decreased them in one and increased them in one while K had no effect.

The results suggest that on sphagnum peat carrots may require N, P and K up to 250, 50 and 150 kg/ha respectively whereas on mineral soils maximum rates would be 25, 25 and 50 kg/ha.     

胡萝卜高产栽培技术

总结了贵南县露天蔬菜胡萝卜栽培技术,包括生长特征、品种选择、环境条件的要求、整地播种、田间管理、病虫害防治、采收、储藏等方面内容,为贵南县菜农提高胡萝卜栽培水平提供参考。     

胡萝卜新品种引种试验初报

对引进的12个胡萝卜新品种在复种条件下进行了品种比较试验。结果表明,长城红王月、红秀CT两品种分别比当地对照品种透心红增产96.94%和88.47%,综合性状好,适宜鲜食和加工,在平凉市川水地具有良好的推广价值;京红五寸、韩国中央五寸、邢帅三红五寸参较对照增产70.26%～76.95%,在肥水条件较好的川水地具有较高的示范推广价值;日本新黑田五寸人参、韩国新黑田五寸、改良五寸、橘红1号较对照增产22.98%～59.55%,综合性状较好,可示范种植。     

Nutritional composition of selected green leafy vegetables,herbs and carrots

Six green leafy vegetables and herbs – spinach, amaranth, bengal gram, cauliflower, mint, coriander and carrots – were analyzed for moisture, protein,ascorbic acid, -carotene, total iron, ionizable iron (as % of total iron) in vitro iron (% of total iron), copper, manganese and zinc. Moisture content of the leaves and carrots varied from 75.1 percent (bengal gram) to 95.4 percent (carrot) and protein from 9.83 percent (carrots) to 30.9 (mint) percent. Ascorbic acid, -carotene, total iron and ionizable iron contents were at a maximum in case of bengal gram leaves whereas level of ionizable iron and in vitro iron as a percent of total iron was highest in carrots. Copper, manganese and zinc contents were maximum in spinach.     

不同营养成分对公猪精液品质的影响

公猪优良精液的产生与必要的营养供给是密不可分的。为探讨鸡蛋、豆粕、胡萝卜三种营养物质对公猪精液品质的影响,本试验通过评价精液采集量、精子密度、活力及畸形率等指标,来判定其对猪精液的影响。试验表明,公猪日粮中饲喂豆粕和鸡蛋对公猪精液的采集量,活力均有显著的提高;饲喂胡萝卜对公猪精液的采集量,活力无明显差异。为公猪饲养过程中提供一些实际的生产指导。     

胡萝卜生长动态及干物质积累与分配

通过研究在胡萝卜生育期中叶片数、株高、肉质根粗、鲜重和干重等的动态变化规律，表明不同品种各个生理指标的峰值虽略有差异，但仍有规律可循。胡萝卜叶片数、株高均随生长进程而增长，而且前期生长较快，中后期生长缓慢；植株肉质根粗度在中期增长较慢，前期和后期都增长较快；植株鲜重、干重增长高峰期在出苗后35-75d（其中地下部分在35-85d，地上部分在25-45d）。     

微喷灌技术在胡萝卜生产上的应用及技术要点

微喷灌是通过塑料管道压力水,用很小的微喷头将水喷洒在土壤表面和植物叶面上进行灌溉的一种节水灌溉方式。该文介绍在旱作地区应用微喷灌节水技术发展胡萝卜生产的成效与技术。