乌头附子最佳采收时期的初步研究

对不同采收时期所得乌头附子的产量、附子及相应附片的总生物碱和毒性成分乌头碱含量进行了测定,初步研究了附子的最佳采收时期。结果表明,在8月15日附子产量最高,为109.10 g/m2.n,附子和附片的总生物碱含量为10.680 mg/g和4.422 mg/g,附子和附片有毒生物碱乌头碱含量为0.041 mg/g和0.0021 mg/g,即8月15日前后为附子的最佳采收时期。     

新疆展毛多根乌头中乌头碱分离及含量测定

[目的]研究展毛多根乌头有效成分乌头碱的分离及定量测定技术,为展毛多根乌头的开发利用提供试验依据。[方法]以乙醚为提取溶剂,从展毛多根乌头中分离其主要生物碱成分乌头碱(aconitine);采用改良异羟肟酸法,在波长512.6 nm波长处测定展毛多根乌头中乌头碱的含量。[结果]展毛多根乌头中乌头碱的含量为0.360 6%,平均回收率为97.40%。[结论]该定量分析方法简便、实用,显色稳定性好,为展毛多根乌头的开发利用提供了科学依据。     

生附子总生物碱及其水解产物中双酯型和单酯型二萜生物碱的分析

[目的]探索生附子总生物碱及其水解产物中双酯型和单酯型二萜生物碱的含量与附子道地性的关系。[方法]采用HPLC分析方法,测定四川江油、云南和湖北等地生附子总生物碱及其水解产物中的乌头碱、中乌头碱、次乌头碱等双酯型二萜生物碱和苯甲酰乌头碱、苯甲酰中乌头碱、苯甲酰次乌头碱等单酯型二萜生物碱的含量。[结果]四川江油道地产地栽培的生附子总生物碱中双酯型二萜生物碱含量为0.556%,远高于云南和湖北附子,其中的乌头碱、中乌头碱和次乌头碱含量分别为0.081%、0.161%和0.314%;其总生物碱高温水解产物中的双酯型二萜生物碱含量为0.004%,单酯型二萜生物碱的含量为0.146%,其中苯甲酰乌头碱、苯甲酰中乌头碱、苯甲酰次乌头碱的含量分别为0.016%、0.080%和0.050%。[结论]四川江油生附子双酯型二萜生物碱的含量高,其总生物碱高温水解后双酯型二萜生物碱的含量低,单酯型二萜生物碱的含量高,符合2010版药典规定。     

Alteration of cardiac M3 receptor and its relationship with arrhythmias in drug-induced and ischemia-induced arrhythmic models

AIM: To investigate the alteration of cardiac M₃ receptor and its relationship with arrhythmias in various arrhythmic models. METHODS: Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, aconitine, BaCl₂ and ischemia. In the later three groups, arrhythmias were induced by treatment with aconitine, BaCl₂ and coronary artery occlusion, respectively. The arrhythmias were recorded for 1 h. Western blotting was then used to detect M₃ receptor contents. RESULTS: Arrhythmias were all induced in each group. In aconitine-induced arrhythmias, duration of arrhythmias and arrhythmia score were significantly increased than those in other two model groups. Western blotting showed that the expression of M₃ receptor upregulated 2.3, 1.4 and 1.3 folds respectively, more abundant in various arrhythmic groups than that in the normal control. Moreover, M3 receptor expression in aconitine group increased significantly than that in BaCl₂ and ischemia group. The arrhythmias and M₃ receptor protein expressions in myocytes were positively correlated. CONCLUSION: Arrhythmias upregulate the expression of cardiac M₃ receptor. The upregulating levels of M₃ receptor proteins diverge strikingly in different arrhythmic models. It is probably that the diversity of increase in M₃ receptor is positive related to severity of ventricular arrhythmias.     

高效液相色谱法测定川产乌头中有效成分含量的研究

运用HPLC测定四川境内乌头中3种酯型生物碱-新乌头碱、鸟头碱和次乌头碱的含量．实验以C8色谱柱为固定相,为乙腈-甲醇-缓冲液（8：39：53）,缓冲液为0．2％冰醋酸,用二乙胺调pH值至5．41;流速为1．0mL／min;紫外检测波长为231nm．所得新乌头碱、次乌头碱和乌头碱的标准曲线范围分别是11．968-299．2μg／mL、5．552-138．8μg／mL和7．168～179．2μg／mL（r=0．999 52,0.999 57,0.999 56,n=7;检测限分别是0．4787μg／mL、0．2776μg／mL和0．7168μg／mL加样回收率为95．36％～101．77％,RSD均小于5％．结论表明该方法准确、灵敏度高,便于乌头类药材质量控制．