果树自交不亲和性的遗传与生理机制及其研究

在简要介绍植物（包括果树）自交不亲和性与生理控制机制的基础上，着重对梨、苹果、杏等果树自交不亲和性的研究进行了综述，内容包括花柱内花粉管生长特点、花柱S糖蛋白的特性与作用机理以及果树自交不亲和的分子生物学研究，并提出了该领域有待研究的问题。     

茉莉酸对苹果气孔运动及抗旱性的影响

50、75、100、150 mg／L JA处理苹果叶片表皮，使开放气孔的气孔开度分别减小27．4％、37．5％、56．9％和63．8％，使关闭后的气孔在光下开放时气孔开度分别减小15％、18％、28．8％、52．5％、61．3％；处理植株后干旱胁迫，叶片相对电导率分别降低15％、18％、31％、58％，脯氨酸含量分别提高0．09％、0．40％、0．42％、0．54 ng／gFW，可溶性糖含量分别提高1．89％、2．53％、3．80％、5．06％。25 mg／L JA处理与对照均无显著差别。JA的作用表现出明显的浓度效应。     

苹果梨花芽孕育期生长锥细胞超微结构的观察

利用透射电镜对苹果梨花芽孕育期芽内生长锥细胞进行了观察，结果显示，在花芽孕育形成的过程中，生长锥细胞的超微结构发生了一系列变化：蛋白体和脂类小滴逐渐增加；核外膜向外延伸到胞质中与内质网相连，其上分布的核糖体增多；线粒体和内质网数目丰富且分布均匀；核糖体大量游散在胞质中；质体呈浅裂，中央缢缩；微管分布于靠近质膜处等。以上超微结构的变化表现出细胞旺盛分裂和分化的特点，反映了花芽孕育过程中的细胞学特征。     

Effects of dietary lipids on body composition and liver function in juvenile red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of dietary lipids on body composition and liver function in juvenile red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus. Diets were formulated to contain 40% crude protein from solvent-extracted menhaden fish meal and 0, 7, 14 or 21% lipid from menhaden fish oil. The basal diet, without supplemental fish oil, contained lipid at 0.4% of dry weight. The diets were fed to groups of 25 juvenile red drum initially averaging 7.3 ± 0.18 g fish^–1 in a recirculating culture system for 8 weeks and weight gain was recorded. After an additional 8 weeks, 16 fish from each treatment were sacrificed and the following measurements were recorded: hepatosomatic index (HSI), intraperitoneal fat (IPF) ratio, and liver -tocopherol, malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, and cytochrome P-4501A activity (measured as 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity). The activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases and concentrations of -tocopherol also were measured in plasma.Weight gain was significantly (p<0.05) affected by dietary lipid concentration, with values ranging from 361% of initial weight for fish fed the basal diet to 527% of initial weight for fish fed the diet containing 7% lipid. The HSI and IPF ratio values also were significantly affected by lipid with the lowest values recorded for fish fed the basal diet and the highest values observed in fish fed the diet containing 21% lipid. Increasing dietary lipid significantly increased oxidative stress as reflected in reduced -tocopherol in liver and plasma and increased MDA formation in the liver, although no overt pathological signs were observed. These findings suggest that lipid concentrations between 7 and 14%, when the diet contains 60 IU vitamin E kg^–1, are likely to limit oxidative stress and result in normal physiological responses of red drum.     

HIV VRC01单链抗体的构建、原核表达及纯化

【目的】合成、克隆HIV单克降抗体VRC01的单链抗体基因,在大肠杆菌中诱导表达并进行纯化。【方法】根据GenBank上公布的VRC01抗体可变区的氨基酸序列合成引物,运用基因从头合成和重叠延伸PCR方法,克隆抗体VRC01的重链可变区(VH)和轻链可变区(VL)基因;用15肽Linker(Gly4Ser)3将VH和VL基因相连,得到单链抗体基因scFv-VH-Linker-VL和scFv-VL-Linker-VH,并分别将两者克隆到原核表达载体pET28a中,构建重组质粒后转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3+)中诱导表达,对表达产物进行SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析;将重组蛋白进行变性处理后,利用Ni-NTA金属螯合层析柱对表达产物进行初步纯化。【结果】得到了VRC01的2种单链抗体的基因scFv-VH-Linker-VL和scFv-VL-Linker-VH,其大小分别为770和768bp。SDS-PAGE电泳结果显示,scFv-VH-Linker-VL在大肠杆菌中不表达或表达量极低;而scFv-VL-Linker-VH表达量较高,蛋白质分子质量约为29ku,且主要以包涵体形式存在。Western blot检测结果证实,scFv-VL-Linker-VH可与His-Tag融合表达,并通过亲和层析法成功纯化获得了该单链抗体。【结论】成功构建、表达并纯化出了VRC01单链抗体,为进一步研究VRC01单链抗体的生物学特性奠定了基础。     

牛分支杆菌MPT83基因的表达及重组蛋白的纯化

从牛分支杆菌培养物中抽提总DNA，扩增了MPT83基因，并克隆入pMD-18-T Simple Vector，将测序正确的目的基因插入表达载体pET-32a（＋）中，转化BL21（DE3）宿主菌，IPTG诱导表达，用亲和层析方法对表达蛋白进行了纯化。经测序，构建的克隆质粒pMD-MPT83与Gen-Bank中的序列一致；构建的表达质粒pET-MPT83经PCR和BamHI＋HindⅢ双酶切鉴定构建正确；经SDS-PAGE分析，在约42ku处出现新的蛋白条带，4h后表达量即达到高峰；Westernblotting分析表明，融合蛋白能够被牛分支杆菌阳性血清所识别；纯化的表达蛋白经SDS-PAGE电泳，出现清晰的单一条带。表明MPT83基因原核表达载体构建成功。     

森林经营方案实施效益计算机评价系统的研制与应用

本文论述“国营林场、采育场森林经营方案实施效益评价系统”的计算机程序设计思想以及程序实现的方法,介绍福建省来舟林业试验场及其森林经营方案概况,把各种量化的数据输入计算机,对该场森林经营方案实施效益进行了评价,并讨论分析了计算机输出的评价结果。     

花生中UDP-glucosyltransferase基因的克隆及在非生物胁迫下的表达研究

通过RACE技术从花生叶片cDNA中克隆到了UDP-glucosyltransferase基因,命名为AhUGT83A1-like （Genbank注册号为KF411463）。该基因全长为1 530bp,ORF为1 380bp,编码460个氨基酸。序列比对与进化分析结果表明,该序列有保守的UDPGT结构域,并且与其它植物的UGT蛋白同源性较高。荧光定量PCR结果表明,AhUGT83A1-like基因在高盐和低温处理的花生根和叶片中均上调表达;在干旱处理时,根中表达也受到显著上调,但叶片中表达量则有明显下降。以上结果表明AhUGT83A1-like可能参与了花生对干旱、低温和高盐的抗性调控。ABA处理结果表明,AhUGT83A1-like在花生根中对ABA响应明显,但在叶片中对ABA没有明显响应,表明该基因在花生根中对非生物胁迫的调控可能是以依赖ABA的方式发挥作用的。?     

Characterization of an Alginate Lyase,FlAlyA, from Flavobacterium sp. Strain UMI-01 and Its Expression in Escherichia coli

A major alginate lyase, FlAlyA, was purified from the periplasmic fraction of an alginate-assimilating bacterium, Flavobacterium sp. strain UMI-01. FlAlyA showed a single band of ~30 kDa on SDS-PAGE and exhibited the optimal temperature and pH at 55 °C and pH 7.7, respectively. Analyses for substrate preference and reaction products indicated that FlAlyA was an endolytic poly(mannuronate) lyase (EC 4.2.2.3). A gene fragment encoding the amino-acid sequence of 288 residues for FlAlyA was amplified by inverse PCR. The N-terminal region of 21 residues except for the initiation Met in the deduced sequence was predicted as the signal peptide and the following region of six residues was regarded as propeptide, while the C-terminal region of 260 residues was regarded as the polysaccharide-lyase-family-7-type catalytic domain. The entire coding region for FlAlyA was subjected to the pCold I—Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) expression system and ~eight times higher yield of recombinant FlAlyA (recFlAlyA) than that of native FlAlyA was achieved. The recFlAlyA recovered in the periplasmic fraction of E. coli had lost the signal peptide region along with the N-terminal 3 residues of propeptide region. This suggested that the signal peptide of FlAlyA could function in part in E. coli.     

~(14)C示踪研究不同小麦品种开花、灌浆期的光合效率及同化物的运转与分配

应用~(14)C示踪技术测定三个籽粒饱满度不同的小麦品种,结果表明:籽粒饱满度与品种的净光合率、光合持续期和同化物在籽粒中的分配率有关;光合作用后30分钟测定,~(14)C同化物的分配,叶片最高,叶鞘其次,麦穗再次,茎中最低;开花期~(14)C同化物在成熟麦穗中的分配,约占引入量的25—32％,灌浆期~(14)C同化物在成熟麦穗中的分配,对籽粒饱满的两个品种,占引入量的50％以上,而籽粒不饱满的品种,分配率还不到30％。