莱菔、当归油治疗马属动物食滞性胃扩张

笔者多年来应用莱菔、当归油治疗马属动物食滞性胃扩张12 6例 ,治愈 12 1例 ,有效率达 96%以上。现介绍如下。1　治疗方法当归 2 0 0 g ,莱菔子 13 0g ,二药共研末 ;食油或石腊油10 0 0mL。先将食油或石腊油放入锅内烧开离火 ,再将药末倒入油内 ,充分搅拌均匀 ,候温灌服。2　治疗效果投药后 1h患畜腹痛症状逐渐减轻或消失 ,随即出现食欲 ,有的病例次日出现食欲。病畜很快康复 ,而且无其他不良现象 ,仅有特别严重或有其他并发症的病例用药后疗效不佳。3　典型病例病例 1:李某红色骟马 1匹 ,齐口 ,2 0 0 0年 6月 15日早 6点就诊。主诉 14日因…     

Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Reproductive Function of Male Mice with Cadmium Poisoning

The study was aimed to explore the protective effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on the reproductive function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.40 healthy clean grade male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups:control group (H₂O),cadmium chloride group (2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),sulforaphane group (10 mg/kg SFN),sulforaphane + cadmium chloride group (10 mg/kg SFN+2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),and continuous administration for 10 d,all mice were executed by dislocated cervical vertebra at 2 d after the last administration,and then the pathologic changes of testicular tissues,organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis,sperm quality and concentration of testosterone were tested.Additionally,the contents of GSH and MDA,and the activities of T-SOD in testis were also detected at the same time. Compared with the control group,pathology damages were observed in cadmium chloride group,organ coefficient of testis and epididymis,sperm quality and levels of testosterone extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),the activities of T-SOD and GSH content were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly enhanced (P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the activity of T-SOD and concentration of GSH in sulforaphane group were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the concentration of MDA was not significant different between the control group and sulforaphane group (P>0.05).While compared with the cadmium chloride group,the sperm motility rate and sperm total count in sulforaphane and cadmium chloride group were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),the organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis was increased significantly (P<0.05),the concentration of GSH and activity of T-SOD in testicular tissue were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01).The results indicated that sulforaphane had the protection effect on reproduction function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.     

Research on the Antioxident Function of Sulforaphane on the Leydig Cells of Cadmium Exposured Mice

The study was aimed to explore the antioxident function of sulforaphane (SFN) on the leydig cells of cadmium (Cd) exposured mice.Cd and SFN were added to the cell culture medium of TM3 cell, half inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of Cd and SFN safe dose range were determined.The tested model was set up,and the relative survival rate of TM3 cells, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and cell antioxidant levels were determined to study the antioxident function of SFN to cadmium exposured mice.The results showed that:①With the increase of Cd concentration,the relative survival rate of TM3 cells was decreased,and the IC₅₀ of Cd was 51.4 μmol/L;Within a certain concentration range,SFN could increased the cells survive rate,but there was toxicity when the SFN concentration was more than the scope,and the greater the concentration,the greater the toxicity. At experimental condition,SFN safety concentration were 2.5,5 and 10 μmol/L.②Compared with the control group,the GSH content,the T-SOD and GSH-Px activities in Cd group were significantly or extremely significantly decreased (P < 0.05;P < 0.01),and the LDH activity,the MDA content were increased.Additionally,the LDH activity and MDA content of SFN groups were decreased,while others three indexes were increased. Compared with Cd group,the GSH content,the T-SOD and GSH-Px activities of Cd+SFN groups were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P < 0.05;P < 0.01),however,the LDH activity,MDA content were decreased. The result indicated that SFN had the antagonism effect on toxicity of Cd in TM3 cell.     

青花菜P450CYP79F1全长克隆、表达及其与不同器官中莱菔硫烷含量的相关性分析

【目的】克隆青花菜细胞色素家族P450CYP79F1,分析其序列特征,阐明其在不同发育时期器官中的表达情况及其与莱菔硫烷含量的关系,为进一步揭示莱菔硫烷合成机理提供科学依据,为青花菜品种改良和新品种选育奠定基础。【方法】通过5′和3ˊ端RACE克隆技术获得青花菜CYP79F1全长序列,利用DNAMAN 6.0进行基因拼接、氨基酸序列分析和蛋白二级结构预测,结合在线分析程序和软件进行基因和编码蛋白生物信息学分析;利用荧光定量PCR技术研究CYP79F1在不同发育器官中的表达情况;结合HPLC方法测定各相应时期器官中莱菔硫烷含量,包括青花菜发育时期的根、茎、叶,成熟花球,抽薹期花蕾（顶端蕾、成熟蕾、开花前1 d的蕾和花）和种子;对CYP79F1表达量与和莱菔硫烷含量进行相关性分析。【结果】获得了CYP79F1全长序列,GenBank登录号为MG012890,该基因全长2 014 bp,包含一个1 620 bp的开放读码框（ORF）,编码540个氨基酸;编码的蛋白与甘蓝、白菜、芥蓝和油菜等同源蛋白的相似性均在95%以上;生物信息学分析表明该基因编码的酶蛋白有2个信号肽和2个跨膜结构域,为亲水性稳定蛋白,Wolf Psort预测其亚细胞定位于细胞质中;CYP79F1在根和茎中的表达量较高,叶中表达量最低,在花器官发育时期,自顶端蕾到花发育过程中呈现逐渐降低的表达趋势,种子中该基因表达量与花处于同一水平。Pearson相关性分析显示,青花菜发育时期的根、茎、叶、成熟花球、抽薹期花蕾和种子中莱菔硫烷含量与CYP79F1表达量无显著相关关系,但抽薹期花蕾自顶端花蕾到花中莱菔硫烷生成量与CYP79F1表达量呈显著正相关关系（R=0.96,P<0.05）,CYP79F1在调控莱菔硫烷的生成方面起重要作用,尤其是在生殖器官花蕾的发育过程中,能够显著上调莱菔硫烷的生成量。【结论】CYP79F1在青花菜不同发育器官中对莱菔硫烷的生成发挥着重要调控作用,可能与青花菜不同器官中莱菔硫烷含量多样性密切相关。     

几个萝卜品种资源的引进及综合评价

萝卜又名莱菔、罗菔,在日本也称大根。它既可用于制作菜肴,炒、煮、凉拌等俱佳;又可当作水果生吃,味道鲜美;还可用作泡菜、酱菜腌制。萝卜营养丰富,有很好的食疗价值。     

萝卜蜜膏养生汇编

萝卜,又名莱菔,为十字花科植物莱菔的新鲜根,全国各地均有栽培。中医认为,萝卜性味辛、甘、凉,归脾、肺经,有清热生津,凉血止血,下气宽中,消食化痰之功。《新修本草》言其“大下气,消食去痰癖,生捣汁饮服,主消渴”。《随息居饮食谶言其“治咳嗽失音,咽喉诸病,解煤毒、茄子毒。熟者下气和中,补脾运食,生津液,御风寒,已带浊,泽肥养血”。现介绍几则蜜膏方,供选用。     

莱菔硫烷对染镉小鼠睾丸间质细胞抗氧化功能影响的研究

试验旨在研究莱菔硫烷（SFN）对染镉（Cd）小鼠睾丸间质细胞（TM3细胞）抗氧化应激能力的影响。向TM3细胞培养液中添加Cd和SFN,分别测定Cd的半数抑制浓度（IC₅₀）和SFN的安全剂量范围,建立试验模型,通过检测TM3细胞的相对存活率、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性及细胞抗氧化水平,判定SFN对Cd诱导TM3细胞毒性的影响。结果显示：①随着Cd浓度的增加,TM3细胞的相对存活率降低,Cd对体外培养TM3细胞的IC₅₀为51.4 μmol/L;SFN在一定范围内对细胞存活有促进作用,但超过范围后具有毒性,且浓度越大毒性越大,本试验条件下选择SFN浓度为2.5、5和10 μmol/L。②与对照组相比,Cd组TM3细胞的T-SOD、GSH-Px活性及GSH含量显著或极显著降低（P < 0.05;P < 0.01）,LDH活性、MDA含量升高;SFN组LDH活性、MDA含量降低,GSH含量、T-SOD活性及GSH-Px活力升高;与Cd组相比,Cd＋SFN组GSH含量、T-SOD活性及GSH-Px活力显著或极显著升高（P < 0.05;P < 0.01）;LDH活性、MDA含量则降低,表明SFN具有缓解染Cd诱导TM3细胞毒性的作用。     

低盐微型酱紫萝的加工新技术

萝卜又名莱菔、芦菔，为十字花科萝卜属的一、二年生草本植物。我国是萝卜栽培起源地，古已有之。萝卜可以生食、熟食或作酱腌菜。萝卜含有丰富的营养成份，每100克可食部分含水份91.7克，蛋白质0.6克，碳水化合物5.7克，粗纤维0.8克，钙49毫克，磷34毫克，铁0.5毫克，胡萝卜素0.02毫克，硫胺素0.02毫克，核黄素0.04毫克，尼克酸0．5毫克，抗坏血酸30毫克。     

UPLC-MS/MS快速测定甘蓝类蔬菜中活性成分莱菔硫烷

[目的]为了建立快速测定甘蓝类蔬菜(甘蓝、青花菜、芥蓝、苤蓝)中莱菔硫烷活性成分的方法。[方法]采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱UPLC-MS/MS,快速测定甘蓝类蔬菜中莱菔硫烷含量。[结果]采用酶解-乙酸乙酯萃取法提取莱菔硫烷,Waters BEH反相C18(2.1 mm×50.0 mm,1.7μm)分离,质谱采用电喷雾正离子ESI(+)电离,多反应监测扫描模式(MRM)检测。在4种甘蓝类蔬菜(可食性器官)中均检测到莱菔硫烷成分,在0.1~20.0μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 4,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为2.4%,检出限(LOD,S/N=3)为0.06~0.15μg/L,定量下限(LOQ,S/N=10)为0.3~0.4μg/L。[结论]该方法准确可靠,能够快速检测甘蓝类蔬菜中莱菔硫烷抗癌活性成分。     

绿花椰菜片剂中莱菔硫烷含量测定及对急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用

采用高效液相色谱法测定绿花椰菜水提物中莱菔硫烷的含量;以C57BL/6小鼠建立急性酒精性肝损伤模型,用苏木精-伊红染色法(hematoxylin-eosin staining,HE)检测莱菔硫烷对小鼠肝脏病理学的影响;采用半自动生化分析仪测定莱菔硫烷对肝脏丙氨酸氨基转移酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)和碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)活性的影响,以探讨绿花椰菜中的活性成分莱菔硫烷对急性酒精性肝损伤的保护作用.结果表明:绿花椰菜水提物中莱菔硫烷的含量为1.26mg/片;莱菔硫烷各剂量组均可明显降低酒精所致的肝质量增加,肝/体比值较酒精模型组明显下降(P<0.01);莱菔硫烷各剂量组均能减轻酒精对肝脏的病理学损伤,其中,高剂量莱菔硫烷组(80mg/kg)的作用尤为明显;莱菔硫烷能明显抑制酒精对肝脏ALT、AST和ALP等特征性酶的诱导作用,其中40和80mg/kg中、高剂量莱菔硫烷的保护作用更明显.说明莱菔硫烷能保护酒精对肝脏的损伤.