砂梨新品种——玉冠

玉冠原代号杂7，母本为筑水，父本为南方主栽品种黄花．于1993年春在日本国枥木县农业试验场杂交，我方获得杂交种子25粒。1994年播种育苗，最终获成苗10株，1995年春种植于富阳市大青果园，1997年开始结果，其中结果的第7株（代号：杂7）表现较好，于1998年进行了多点高接扩繁。经对母本树3年连续观察鉴定，于2000年将其选为优株，同年冬季嫁接苗木，     

Estimating harvest costs and projecting quantities of logging residues for small-scale forestry in Nasushiobara,Tochigi Prefecture,Japan

We used GIS on a regional scale to estimate and compare supply potentials and costs of small-scale logging systems, a mini-forwarder and a 4-ton truck operated by private logging contractors, and manual logging and a light truck operated by individual forest own- ers, with the mechanized operational system of the Forest Owners＇ Asso- ciation. Total potential yields of timber and logging residues were esti- mated as 418,895 m3 and 254,962 m3, respectively. The economic bal- ances were estimated and available amounts were projected as supply potentials from profitable sub-compartments. As a result, available amounts of timber and logging residues were estimated at 375,466 m3 （89.9%） and 203,850 m3 （80.0%）, respectively. Because their transport expenses were lower than for other systems the most profitable sub-compartments were operated by private logging contractors who sold logging residues at a plant. The profitable sub-compartments operated by individual forest owners were few because the extracting distances were usually greater than 20 m. Raising logging residue prices from 3,000 yen·m-3 to 4,080 yen·m-3 or 6,800 yen·m-3, and establishing forest roads, which reduced some extracting distances to less than 20 m, increased the number and area of profitable sub＊compartments, and increased available amounts of logging residues.     

赴日考察草莓生产技术之体会

<正>日本是草莓生产和消费大国,近30年来其年产量一直位居世界前二三位。在日本市场各类鲜果销售中,草莓人均消费额仅次于柑橘和苹果,居第三位。无论是早熟品种的选育、促成栽培技术手段还是栽培作型、成花、休眠理论的研究都处于世界一流水平,生产普及程度高,鲜食消费量大。日本草莓栽培主要分三个地区:九州、四国地区;静冈县、爱知县为主的东海地区;枥木县为主的关东地区。日本草莓生产经历了一个从露地栽培、半促成、准促成到促成栽培的过程,以冬春季(11月-翌年5月收获)的果实生产为主,平均产量35～40吨/公顷。     

天鹰椒育苗移栽高产技术

天鹰椒属茄科一年生草木作物,原产日本枥木县,低 矮丛生,椒个小,红色,椒肉厚实,辣味浓;果枝上举,辣尖 向上,果枝顶端簇生果椒,果顶形似鹰嘴,故名天鹰椒。 1999年引入山西省中部地区,在汾阳市推广种植1 700 hm2,平均每667m2产量200kg以上,效益达1 500元。在 多年的栽培管理中积累了丰富的经验,主要栽培技术总 结如下:     

天鹰椒病毒病综合防治技术

天鹰椒是日本枥木县选育出来的一个农家品种，我市自1978年引进种植后，椒农们获得了较高的经济效益。近年来因为种种原因，我市天鹰椒产量逐渐下降，病毒病发生也日趋严重。为防治病毒病的危害，我们研究并采取了综合防治病毒的措施，取得了较明显的效果。现将该综合防治技术总结如下：     

探秘日本天皇御用牧场

日本天皇陛下的膳食所用到的新鲜肉类以及蔬菜、乳制品都是由距离东京约100公里的枥木县高根浞町的“御料牧场”生产的。牧场由宫内厅管辖，62名牧场工作人员都是国家公务员。旺季时，另会雇佣10名临时工。御料牧场这家“天皇家的厨房”在日本大地震中也遭到损害，牛奶生产线一度因遭到破坏停产，直到8月才开始恢复生产。