草鱼内脏复合蛋白酶提取工艺研究

为充分利用草鱼加工下脚料,以草鱼内脏为原料,以复合蛋白酶酶比活为指标,对草鱼内脏复合蛋白酶的提取、分离、干燥条件进行优化.结果表明,最佳的草鱼内脏脱脂物是工业已烷;最佳的复合蛋白酶提取条件为磷酸盐缓冲液pH值8、提取温度20℃、浸提时间80 min,超声波辅助提取频率15 kHz、功率50 W、时间4 min;最佳的复合蛋白酶分离方法是添加质量浓度为8 g/L的茶多酚;最佳的干燥条件是聚乙二醇终质量浓度20 g/L、装液厚度6 mm、快速冷冻、干燥时间24 h.在此条件下,复合蛋白酶酶比活为4.33 U/mg.     

不同铁源对仔鸡生长的影响

选取1日龄罗曼蛋公鸡90只,随机分为3组,每组30只。以玉米、大豆分离蛋白为主要成分的半纯合基础日粮,在基础日粮中分别添加硫酸亚铁(含铁30%)、蛋氨酸铁(含铁10%)和甘氨酸铁(含铁10%)3种铁源,使铁含量各为80mg/kg,组成对照组和试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组。试验期为28d。28日龄时停饲24h后称重屠宰,取内脏器官,结果表明,蛋氨酸铁促进仔鸡体重的增加和内脏器官的发育,在21和28日龄时体重比对照组分别提高了10.57%和14.94%;甘氨酸铁组与对照组相比,差异不显著,但在一定程度上可以促进仔鸡体重的增加和内脏器官的发育。     

淡水鱼内脏研制宠物食品的工艺研究

[目的]探索淡水鱼内脏研制宠物食品的工艺。[方法]以淡水鱼内脏为原料,比较酶解法与离心法对提取鱼内脏中蛋白质的影响,通过膨化工艺参数选择试验考察挤压温度、螺杆转速、喂料速度等因素对产品质量的影响,确定宠物（猫狗）食品最佳工艺参数。[结果]用离心法处理鱼内脏,蛋白质回收率可达85.48%,但处理后滤渣较多。用酶解法处理鱼内脏,蛋白质和脂肪等营养成分回收率高,滤渣少,酶解最佳条件是：酶解温度50℃,复合酶添加量0.6%,木瓜与风味蛋白酶比例为1∶2,料液比为1∶1.5,水解时间为2.5 h。宠物（猫狗）食品膨化工艺参数确定为：各区温度分别是Ⅰ区76℃、Ⅱ区135℃、Ⅲ区176℃,螺杆转速50 r/min,喂料速度17 r/min。[结论]淡水鱼内脏蛋白质的提取工艺,以酶解法优于直接离心法。     

外源蛋白酶水解白鲢内脏的工艺条件

为充分利用白鲢废弃物,利用碱性蛋白酶水解白鲢内脏,考察了温度、pH值、加酶量、料液比对白鲢内脏水解效果的影响。通过正交试验优化水解条件,结果表明:白鲢内脏水解的最佳条件是,酶解温度50℃,pH9.0,加酶量2000U/g,料液比1:3。在最佳酶解条件下水解7.5h,内脏蛋白质的水解度为41.73%,氮收率为64.76%。     

蒋益兰教授从脏腑经络辨证论治乳腺癌经验探析

蒋益兰教授为湖南省名中医,从事中西医结合防治肿瘤的临床、科研工作30余年,认为乳腺癌的发生发展与肝郁、脾虚、肾亏、冲任失和密切相关,主要病理因素为痰、瘀、毒,从平调肝气、健脾化痰、补肾滋阴、调补冲任出发,以四君子汤、逍遥散、二至丸等方药加减,佐以白花蛇舌草、半枝莲、重楼、莪术、鸡血藤、土贝母、夏枯草、猫抓草、生牡蛎、山慈菇等治疗乳腺癌。     

高山姬鼠胴体重长指标的变化规律

采用胴体重与体长的比值作为胴体重长指标KWL′。对2008－2010年贵州省大方县捕获的285只高山姬鼠(雌鼠138只,雄鼠147只)胴体重长指标进行分析表明,高山姬鼠胴体重长指标在1.38～3.32 g/cm之间,平均为(1.90±0.32) g/cm,雌雄鼠之间差异极显著。不同生境之间差异不显著。不同年龄组之间差异极显著,且随着种群年龄的增长,胴体重长指标不断增加。不同季节、不同月份之间差异显著, 胴体重长指标季节变化趋势为夏季>春季>秋季>冬季。胴体重长指标与种群繁殖密切相关,可作为预测种群数量变动的参考依据之一。     

从江香猪、环江香猪内脏器官测定初报

香猪是我国著名的小型地方猪种，国家一级保护畜种。具有体型矮小、肉质优良、基因纯合、纯净无污染，抗逆性强等特点。香猪产于黔桂两省交界的九万大山之中，受地理条件限制，饲粮不足，猪自繁自养，长期高度近交繁殖形成了具有上述特点的小型猪。     

陈新宇教授运用“五脏整体观”治疗咳嗽临床经验举隅

咳嗽为临床常见病之一,往往反复发作,难以治愈。陈新宇教授提出运用内经“五脏整体观”理论分析病因病机,指出咳嗽不仅与肺相关,肾虚、脾湿、肝火均可引起咳嗽。临床治疗中陈教授多用伤寒原方加减,文中以桂枝汤、小陷胸汤、射干麻黄汤、小青龙汤等为例,系统阐述了陈新宇教授在咳嗽治疗方面的经验心得。     

Relationship between level of forage intake,blood flow and oxygen consumption by splanchnic tissues of sheep fed a tropical grass forage

Four Polwarth castrated male sheep (42 ± 4.4 kg live weight (LW) surgically implanted with chronic indwelling catheters into the mesenteric, portal and hepatic veins, housed in metabolism cages and offered Cynodon sp. hay at rates (g of dry matter (DM)/kg LW) of 7, 14, 21 or ad libitum, were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square experiment to evaluate the effect of the level of forage intake on blood flow and oxygen consumption by the portal‐drained viscera (PDV), liver and total splanchnic tissues (ST). The portal blood flow and the oxygen consumption by PDV linearly increased at increased organic matter (OM) intake. No effect of level of OM intake was obtained for the hepatic artery blood flow and oxygen consumption by liver. As a consequence, the level of OM intake only tended to directly affect hepatic blood flow and oxygen consumption by total ST. Oxygen consumption was linearly and positively related to blood flow across PDV, liver and total ST. The heat production by PDV and total ST, as proportion of metabolizable energy (ME) intake, decreased curvilinearly at increased ME intake. In conclusion, the oxygen consumption by PDV, but not by liver, was directly related to the level of forage intake by sheep. Moreover, when ingested at levels below maintenance, most of ME was spent as heat produced by ST.     

The effects of experimentally induced fever on the estimated blood flow to and oxygen utilization by the liver and the viscera drained by the portal vein in sheep

Intrajugular injection of a purified E. coli lipopolysaccharide induced a biphasic fever in sheep after a latent period of 12 to 20 min. The changes in the blood flow from the liver and from the viscera drained by the portal vein were: (a) in the latent period, decreases in total hepatic blood flow (THF) due to decreased portal venous blood flow (PVF); (b) during the first febrile phase, increases in THF due to increased hepatic arterial blood flow and, (c) in the second febrile phase, increases in THF due to decreased PVF. Although there were large variations in the oxygen supply to the viscera drained by the portal vein and to the liver, there were relatively small or no changes in their oxygen consumption.