具有交易费用和马氏调制的均值-方差组合选择

研究了均值-方差准则下，最优投资组合选择问题.投资者为了增加财富它可以在金融市场上投资.金融市场由一个无风险资产和n个带跳的风险资产组成，并假设金融市场具有马氏调制，买卖风险资产时，考虑交易费用.目标是，在终值财富的均值等于d的限制下，使终值财富的方差最小，即均值-方差组合选择问题.应用随机控制的理论解决该问题，获得了最优的投资策略和有效边界.     

Analysis on Knowledge Sharing Under the Incomplete Information Condition

Knowledge sharing is the important way in which enterprises create organizational knowledge and obtain competition advantage.Scholars always have difference viewpoints about the motivators in knowledge sharing.This paper(analyzes) the incomplete information game and the choice of the motivators in knowledge sharing.If the knowledge(acceptant) offers motivators to the knowledge owner,knowledge sharing might make the participants obtain knowledge-sharing incomes.If knowledge-sharing incomes can make up the participants' costs,knowledge sharing can be caught through.Because the information of knowledge's value is incomplete,enterprises need knowledge managers and organizational additional motivators promote knowledge sharing.     

Management System of the Tender and Bidding for Power Projects with a Valuation Based on the Bill of Quantities

Valuation based on the bill of quantifies will change the existing valuation mode of tender and bidding. For the standardized management of tender and bidding for power projects and the inteUigentized information management of power enterprises, it is an inevitable trend of reform to apply the valuation mode based on the bill of quantifies. According to the characteristics of power projects, this paper expounds the working process of the valuation mode based on the bill of quantities and analyzes the goal and function need of the tender and bidding management system. Considering the calculation procedure of the valuation and the quote strategy of quantities bill, the composition of fees for the valuation is settled and the calculation method is designed. To establish the management system of tender and bidding with a valuation based on the bill of quantities is beneficial for the costing reform of power projects and the perfection of the tender and bidding market. Therefore it is of great significance to spread the new management mode of project costing with a valuation based on the bill of quantities.     

The rehabilitation of an irrigation system along the Yellow River

The People's Victory Irrigation System which diverts water from the Yellow River of China covers a total irrigable area of 59 000 ha. The system encountered some serious problems in the first decade of its operation — salinity and waterlogging of irrigated land, siltation of irrigation and drainage channels, as well as a low efficiency of water use. This paper describes a series of structural and functional measures which have been adopted in the past 24 years for the rehabilitation of the system, including: improvement of the existing drainage system and construction of new drainage system on agricultural land, conjunctive use of surface and groundwater supplies, a comprehensive programme to reduce the levels of siltation as well as the implementation of improved water management practices. A model for the optimal operation of the system by using system analysis theory as an aid in reducing the operation and maintenance (O & M) costs has been developed in recent years. The results are that the soil salinity has been controlled and the agricultural production has increased whilst the efficiency of water use has improved and the siltation levels reduced. Experience gained on this system has been successfully used in developing and managing other irrigation projects along the lower reaches of the Yellow River. The proposed procedure of solving the said optimal model has also embodied some benefits from reducing O & M costs in operation.     

互联网给中国米商带来的机遇

重点介绍了互联网为企业发现市场、降低成本、提升品牌等带来的便利,并指出企业在运用互联网中应注意的问题,以及米商应如何利用互联网等问题。     

环境友好农业生产方式生态补偿标准探讨——以崇明岛东滩绿色农业示范项目为例

以崇明岛东滩绿色农业示范项目为研究案例,在定量监测环境友好型肥料管理方式对化肥污染控制效果的基础上,运用相关经济学方法,从环境友好肥料管理方式所创造的生态效益价值和实际投入的额外成本两个角度出发,探讨了生态补偿标准的理论上限值和下限值,同时讨论了在实际制定补偿标准时需要考虑的其他因素和采取的补偿方式。结果表明,环境友好型肥料管理方式可有效削减氮素流失负荷和温室气体排放通量,削减率分别达到46.6%～61.8%和23.4%～46.7%;在梨园所创造的生态效益价值和实际额外投入成本分别为10135.6和3066.1元（RMB）·hm^-2·a^-1,在蔬菜田所创造的生态效益价值和实际额外投入成本分别为7640.1和3165.2元（RMB）·hm^-2·a^-1。因此,梨园和蔬菜田由于应用环境友好型肥料管理方式可获得的生态补偿理论值范围分别为3066.1～10135.6元（RMB）·hm^-2·a^-1和3165.2～7640.1元（RMB）·hm^-2·a^-1。     

山东省水稻免耕旱直播试验及可行性分析

为探究水稻免耕旱直播在山东省的适应性,使用2BDMM-8稻麦宽苗带灭茬播种机,在涛雒稻麦轮作两熟区和高青春季稻一熟区分别进行了免耕旱直播试验,以机械育苗插秧为对照,分析免耕旱直播对水稻株高、分蘖情况的影响,对不同种植方式下的水稻产量及产量构成因素、生产成本等进行统计分析。结果表明:水稻免耕旱直播与机械育苗插秧相比,生育期短,生长速度快,株高无显著差异;分蘖率分别为57%和58%,比插秧对照低6.5%和10.4%;产量分别为8 970和10 020 kg/hm2,与插秧对照无显著差异(P0.05),验证了水稻免耕旱直播在山东常规稻种植区基本可行。通过成本比较,免耕旱直播成本比插秧对照分别节约2 472和3 312元/hm2,说明免耕旱直播在山东地区有很好的推广前景。该研究为山东常规稻种植区免耕旱直播提供了参考。     

洞庭湖区畜禽粪便中氮素污染及其环境成本

畜禽养殖在保障肉食供应、改善居民生活、增加农民收入等方面发挥着重要作用,但是畜禽粪便中的氮素也给环境造成严重污染,加强畜禽粪便氮素污染及其环境成本研究有重要意义。该研究以湖南洞庭湖区为对象,从耕地、水体、大气3个方面估算了该区域畜禽粪便的氮素污染及其环境成本。结果表明,2006年湖南洞庭湖区畜禽粪便中的氮素养分为18.99 万t,粪便中氮素污染的环境成本为8.77亿元,其中对农田、水体、大气污染的环境成本分别为2.32 亿元、4.81亿元、1.64 亿元。畜禽粪便氮素养分所产生的环境污染问题已经不容忽视。