排序方式: 共有60条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2023,50(2):121-128
ObjectiveTo determine the effect of remifentanil infusion on the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane preventing movement (SEVOMACNM) and bispectral index (BIS) in dogs.Study designProspective, unmasked study.AnimalsA total of 10 adult Beagle dogs weighing 9.0 ± 1.1 kg.MethodsDogs were anesthetized with sevoflurane and baseline SEVOMACNM was determined. Remifentanil was infused at 5, 10 and 20 μg kg–1 hour–1, in sequence, with 20 minutes washout between infusions. Variables monitored throughout anesthesia included heart rate (HR), oscillometric blood pressure, end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide, end-tidal sevoflurane concentration (Fe′Sevo) and BIS. SEVOMACNM after remifentanil infusion (SEVOMACNM-REMI) determination started 20 minutes after the start of each infusion. Venous blood samples were collected for plasma remifentanil concentration determination at baseline, SEVOMACNM-REMI determination time points, and 20 minutes after each infusion was stopped. A mixed model analysis was used to determine the effect of remifentanil infusion on response variables. The relationships between BIS and Fe′Sevo, plasma remifentanil concentrations and the percentage decrease in baseline SEVOMACNM were evaluated (p < 0.05).ResultsThe overall SEVOMACNM at baseline was 2.47 ± 0.11%. Addition of remifentanil at all infusion rates significantly decreased SEVOMACNM, but the medium and high doses resulted in significantly greater decreases in SEVOMACNM than the lower dose. There was no difference in SEVOMACNM percentage change between infusions 10 and 20 μg kg–1 hour–1. Plasma remifentanil concentrations were significantly different in all infusion rates. Baseline BIS value was 70 ± 1 and was lower than the BIS values recorded during all remifentanil infusions. BIS values were not significantly different among infusion rates. HR was lower and mean arterial pressure was higher during remifentanil infusions than at baseline.Conclusions and clinical relevanceAll remifentanil infusions decreased SEVOMACNM in dogs. Remifentanil infusion at any rate studied did not reduce BIS values. 相似文献
3.
Intravenous sufentanil‐midazolam versus sevoflurane anaesthesia in medetomidine pre‐medicated Himalayan rabbits undergoing ovariohysterectomy
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Patricia Hedenqvist Marianne Jensen‐Waern Åsa Fahlman Ragnvi Hagman Anna Edner 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2015,42(4):377-385
ObjectiveTo compare physiological effects of sufentanil-midazolam with sevoflurane for surgical anaesthesia in medetomidine premedicated rabbits.Study designProspective, randomized controlled experimental study.AnimalsEighteen female Himalayan rabbits, weight 2.1 ± 0.1 kg.MethodsPremedication with 0.1 mg kg−1 medetomidine and 5 mg kg−1 carprofen subcutaneously, was followed by intravenous anaesthetic induction with sufentanil (2.3 μg mL−1) and midazolam (0.45 mg mL−1). After endotracheal intubation, anaesthesia was maintained with sufentanil-midazolam (n = 9) or sevoflurane (n = 9). Ovariohysterectomy was performed. Intermittent positive pressure ventilation was performed as required. Physiological variables were studied perioperatively. Group means of physiologic data were generated for different anaesthetic periods. Data were compared for changes from sedation, and between groups by anova. Post-operatively, 0.05 mg kg−1 buprenorphine was administered once and 5 mg kg−1 carprofen once daily for 2–3 days. Rabbits were examined and weighed daily until one week after surgery.ResultsSmooth induction of anaesthesia was achieved within 5 minutes. Sufentanil and midazolam doses were 0.5 μg kg−1 and 0.1 mg kg−1, during induction and 3.9 μg kg−1 hour−1 and 0.8 mg kg−1 hour−1 during surgery, respectively. End-tidal sevoflurane concentration was 2.1% during surgery. Assisted ventilation was required in nine rabbits receiving sufentanil-midazolam and four receiving sevoflurane. There were no differences between groups in physiologic data other than arterial carbon dioxide. In rabbits receiving sevoflurane, mean arterial pressure decreased pre-surgical intervention, heart rate increased 25% during and after surgery and body weight decreased 4% post-operatively. Post-operative problems sometimes resulted from catheterization of the ear artery.ConclusionSevoflurane and sufentanil-midazolam provided surgical anaesthesia of similar quality. Arterial blood pressure was sustained during sufentanil-midazolam anaesthesia and rabbits receiving sevoflurane lost body weight following ovariohysterectomy. Mechanical ventilation was required with both anaesthetic regimens.Clinical relevanceAnaesthesia with sufentanil-midazolam in medetomidine premedicated healthy rabbits is useful in the clinical and the research setting, as an alternative to sevoflurane. 相似文献
4.
5.
ObjectiveThe purpose of this systematic review is to summarize the results of studies which have determined the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane and sevoflurane in domestic cats.Study DesignSystematic review.AnimalsCats.Methods usedA comprehensive search of research literature was performed without language restriction. The search utilized the Pubmed, Google Scholar, and CAB Abstracts electronic databases using a combination of free text terms ‘Minimum alveolar concentration’, ‘sevoflurane’, ‘isoflurane’, ‘anesthetic’, ‘cat’, ‘cats’ or ‘feline’. The search was conducted from November 2010 to June 2012.ResultsThe MAC for isoflurane ranged from 1.20 ± 0.13% to 2.22 ± 0.35% and the MAC for sevoflurane ranged from 2.5 ± 0.2% to 3.95 ± 0.33%. The average MAC for isoflurane was 1.71 ± 0.07% and for sevoflurane was 3.08 ± 0.4%.Conclusions &; Clinical RelevanceThe average MAC for isoflurane was 1.71 ± 0.07% and for sevoflurane was 3.08 ± 0.4%. Methodology differed among studies, and particular attention should be paid in the future to appropriate reporting of methods to allow sound conclusions to be made from the results. 相似文献
6.
SA Greene DVM MS DiplomateACVA RD Keegan DVM DiplomateACVA RA Valdez† DVM & DK Knowles† DVM PhD 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2002,29(2):59-63
Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the cardiovascular effects of sevoflurane in calves. Study design Prospective experimental study. Animals Six, healthy, 8–12‐week‐old Holstein calves weighing 80 ± 4.5 (mean ± SEM) kg were studied. Methods Anesthesia was induced by face‐mask administration of 7% sevoflurane in O2. Calves tracheae were intubated, placed in right lateral recumbency, and maintained with 3.7% end‐tidal concentration sevoflurane for 30 minutes to allow catheterization of the auricular artery and placement of a Swan‐Ganz thermodilution catheter into the pulmonary artery. After instrumentation, administration of sevoflurane was temporarily discontinued until mean arterial pressure was > 100 mm Hg. Baseline values were recorded and the vaporizer output increased to administer 3.7% end‐tidal sevoflurane concentration. Ventilation was controlled to maintain normocapnia. The following were recorded at 5, 10, 15, 30 and 45 minutes after collection of baseline data and expressed as the mean value (± SEM): direct systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressures; cardiac output; mean pulmonary arterial pressure; pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure, heart rate; and pulmonary arterial temperature. Cardiac index and systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance values were calculated using standard formulae. Arterial blood gases were analyzed at baseline, and at 15 and 45 minutes. Differences from baseline values were determined using one‐way analysis of variance for repeated measures with post‐hoc differences between mean values identified using Dunnet's test (p < 0.05). Results Mean time from beginning sevoflurane administration to intubation of the trachea was 224 ± 9 seconds. The mean end‐tidal sevoflurane concentration at baseline was 0.7 (± 0.11)%. Sevoflurane anesthesia was associated with decreased arterial blood pressure at all sampling times. Mean arterial blood pressure decreased from a baseline value of 112 ± 7 mm Hg to a minimum value of 88 ± 4 mm Hg at 5 minutes. Compared with baseline, arterial pH was decreased at 15 minutes. Pulmonary arterial blood temperature was decreased at 15, 30 and 45 minutes. Arterial CO2 tension increased from a baseline value of 43 ± 3 to 54 ± 4 mm Hg (5.7 ± 0.4 to 7.2 ± 0.3 kPa) at 15 minutes. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure was increased at 30 and 45 minutes. Pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure increased from a baseline value of 18 ± 2 to 23 ± 2 mm Hg at 45 minutes. There were no significant changes in other measured variables. All calves recovered from anesthesia uneventfully. Conclusion We conclude that sevoflurane for induction and maintenance of anesthesia was effective and reliable in these calves and that neither hypotension nor decreased cardiac output was a clinical concern. Clinical relevance Use of sevoflurane for mask induction and maintenance of anesthesia in young calves is a suitable alternative to injectable and other inhalant anesthetics. 相似文献
7.
Boller M Moens Y Kästner SB Bettschart-Wolfensberger R 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2005,32(3):168-177
Objective To determine whether predictable alveolar concentrations of sevoflurane are reliably produced in dogs when liquid sevoflurane is injected into closed circuit breathing systems, as calculated by Lowe's square‐root‐of‐time anaesthetic uptake model, and to confirm the validity of the model using soda lime and calcium hydroxide lime. Study design Prospective clinical study. Animals Eleven healthy dogs with a mean body mass of 34 ± 9 kg scheduled for pelvic limb orthopaedic surgery. Materials and methods Following pre‐anaesthetic medication, anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with sevoflurane in a closed circle system. Epidural anaesthesia was performed with morphine and bupivacaine. Liquid sevoflurane was injected into the circuit by syringe, using dosages and time intervals derived from Lowe's square‐root‐of‐time anaesthetic uptake model. The target alveolar concentration chosen was 1.1 × MAC (2.6% end‐tidal sevoflurane). Either soda lime (group S; n = 6) or calcium hydroxide lime (Amsorb; group A; n = 5) were used for CO2 absorption. Sevoflurane concentration and the respiratory gas composition were measured with an infrared gas analyser. Results End‐tidal sevoflurane concentrations were close to the predicted value of 2.6% at 9 minutes (2.53 ± 0.1% group S; 2.60 ± 0.26% group A) and 16 minutes (2.55 ± 0.30 group S; 2.52 ± 0.28% group A) but declined thereafter to reach 50% (group S) and 64% (group A) of the predicted value at 121 minutes. There was a constant trend towards higher end‐tidal sevoflurane concentrations in group A but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions The square‐root‐of‐time model leads to significantly lower alveolar concentrations than expected, suggesting that the rate of sevoflurane uptake in dogs declines less rapidly than predicted. The use of Amsorb tends to reduce the deviation from predicted concentrations. Clinical relevance The model used in this study provided only an approximate guide to the volume of liquid sevoflurane required. Consequently, the definitive dose schedule must be based on measured anaesthetic concentrations and clinical monitoring. 相似文献
8.
Mohammad Reza Seddighi DVM MS PhD Christine M Egger DVM MVSc Diplomate ACVA Barton W Rohrbach† VMD MPH Diplomate ACVPM Sherry K Cox† PhD & Thomas J Doherty‡ MVB MSc & Diplomate ACVA 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2009,36(4):334-340
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of tramadol on sevoflurane minimum alveolar concentration (MACSEVO) in dogs. It was hypothesized that tramadol would dose-dependently decrease MACSEVO.Study designRandomized crossover experimental study.AnimalsSix healthy, adult female mixed-breed dogs (24.2 ± 2.6 kg).MethodsEach dog was studied on two occasions with a 7-day washout period. Anesthesia was induced using sevoflurane delivered via a mask. Baseline MAC (MACB) was determined starting 45 minutes after tracheal intubation. A noxious stimulus (50 V, 50 Hz, 10 ms) was applied subcutaneously over the mid-humeral area. If purposeful movement occurred, the end-tidal sevoflurane was increased by 0.1%; otherwise, it was decreased by 0.1%, and the stimulus was re-applied after a 20-minute equilibration. After MACB determination, dogs randomly received a tramadol loading dose of either 1.5 mg kg?1 followed by a continuous rate infusion (CRI) of 1.3 mg kg?1 hour?1 (T1) or 3 mg kg?1 followed by a 2.6 mg kg?1 hour?1 CRI (T2). Post-treatment MAC determination (MACT) began 45 minutes after starting the CRI. Data were analyzed using a mixed model anova to determine the effect of treatment on percentage change in baseline MACSEVO (p < 0.05).ResultsThe MACB values were 1.80 ± 0.3 and 1.75 ± 0.2 for T1 and T2, respectively, and did not differ significantly. MACT decreased by 26 ± 8% for T1 and 36 ± 12% for T2. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the decrease between the two treatments.Conclusion and clinical relevanceTramadol significantly reduced MACSEVO but this was not dose dependent at the doses studied. 相似文献
9.
Marcelo A. Araújo Maurício Deschk Juliana T. Wagatsuma Beatriz P. Floriano Carlos E. Siqueira Valéria NLS. Oliva Paulo SP. Santos 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2017,44(4):854-864
Objective
To assess the cardiopulmonary effects caused by reverse Trendelenburg position (RTP) at 5° and 10° in sevoflurane-anesthetized yearling steers.Study design
Prospective, experimental study.Animals
Eight Holstein steers aged (mean ± standard deviation) 12 ± 2 months and weighing 145 ± 26 kg.Methods
In the first phase of the study, the individual minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane was determined using electrical stimulation. In the second phase, the effects of RTP were assessed. The animals were anesthetized on three separate events separated by ≥7 days in an incomplete crossover design: control treatment using a table without tilt (RTP0); treatment with the table at 5° RTP (RTP5) and table tilted 10° RTP (RTP10). Subjects were physically restrained in dorsal recumbency on the table, which was already tilted according to each treatment. Anesthesia was induced with sevoflurane at 8% in 5 L minute–1 oxygen via face mask followed by maintenance with sevoflurane at 1.3 MAC and spontaneous breathing. Cardiopulmonary variables were obtained immediately after instrumentation (T0) and then after 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes (T30, T60, T120 and T180, respectively).Results
The mean sevoflurane MAC for the eight steers was 2.12 ± 0.31%. Cardiac output was lower at all time points and the systemic vascular resistance index was higher at T120 and T180 in RTP10 compared with RTP0. Oxygen consumption was lower at T0 and at T180 in RTP10 compared with RTP0 and at all time points except T30 compared with RTP5. Oxygen extraction was lower at T0 in RTP10 compared with RTP0 and RTP5, and at T60 and T180 compared with RTP5.Conclusions and clinical relevance
RTP 5° and 10° did not improve ventilatory and oxygenation variables in sevoflurane-anesthetized steers when compared with no tilt, however the cardiovascular variables were adversely affected in RTP10. 相似文献10.
Eliseo Beldao Karen J Blissitt Juliet C Duncan† Francisco G Laredo Mayte Escobar Gil de Montes & R Eddie Clutton† 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2010,37(1):25-34
ObjectiveTo record the bispectral index (BIS) when horses moved during either halothane or sevoflurane anaesthesia and when they made volitional movements during recovery from these anaesthetics.Study designRandomized prospective clinical study.AnimalsTwenty-five client-owned horses undergoing surgery aged 8.8 (± 5.3; 1–19) years (mean ± SD; range).MethodsBaseline BIS values were recorded before pre-anaesthetic medication (BISB) and during anaesthesia (BISA) maintained with halothane (group H; n = 12) or sevoflurane (group S; n =13) at approximately 0.8–0.9 × minimum alveolar concentrations (MAC). Bispectral indices were recorded during the surgery when unexpected movement occurred (BISMA), during recovery when the first movement convincingly associated with consciousness was observed (BISM1) and once sternal recumbency was achieved (BISST).ResultsNo significant difference in BISM1 was found between halothane- (85 ± 7; 75–93) and sevoflurane- (87 ± 10; 70–98) anaesthetized horses although BISA was significantly (p = 0.0002) lower in group S (62 ± 7; 53–72) than group H (74 ± 7; 60–84). Differences between BISM1 and BISA were significant in sevoflurane (p = 0.00001) and halothane recipients (p = 0.002) but were greater in group S (25 ± 9; 4–38) compared with group H (12 ± 10; ?9–25). In six of eight horses, BISMA values ranged between those recorded during anaesthesia and at first movement.Conclusions and clinical relevanceBispectral indices appear to approximate levels of unconsciousness, suggesting that monitoring the BIS may assist equine anaesthesia. However, it does not predict intra-operative movement. 相似文献