Distribution and ontogeny of gastrin- and serotonin-immunoreactive cells in the proventriculus of developing chick, Gallus gallus domestica

The ontogeny and distribution of gastrin- and serotonin-immunoreactive (IR) cell in the proventriculus of chicks (Gallus gallus domestica, n = 60) in different growth periods was examined immunohistochemically using antisera specific to gastrin and serotonin. Gastrin and serotonin-IR cells were detected in chick proventriculus. Gastrin-IR cells were first evident after 12 days of incubation in lamina epithelialis and compound glands, while serotonin-IR cells were observed only in compound glands at that same time. Gastrin-IR and serotonin-IR cells increased in frequency on incubation day 14 and 16, respectively. Towards the end of incubation, gastrin- and serotonin-IR cell numbers decreased. In adult chicken, both IR cells were present but not lower numbers. The observations demonstrate the presence of gastrin- and serotonin-IR cells in the proventriculus of developing chicks in temporally changing frequencies.     

禁食对生长期北京鸭腺胃ghrelin免疫阳性细胞的影响

本研究旨在观察禁食是否对生长期北京鸭腺胃ghrelin免疫阳性细胞生成有影响。用免疫组织化学的方法检测25、35、50日龄的北京鸭(已经禁食72 h)单位面积(mm2)腺胃组织中ghrelin阳性细胞数目。研究发现在这3个时期,不管是禁食组还是自由采食组,大量ghrelin阳性细胞多分布于腺胃深层复管状腺中;禁食组腺胃中gh-relin阳性细胞数目比自由采食组极显著增加(P0.01)。结果提示:禁食是影响腺胃产生有活性ghrelin的重要因素。     

Relative dominance of the mold fungus,<Emphasis Type="Italic">Raffaelea</Emphasis> sp., in the mycangium and proventriculus in relation to adult stages of the oak platypodid beetle,<Emphasis Type="Italic">Platypus quercivorus</Emphasis> (Coleoptera; Platypodidae)

Microorganisms associated with the oak platypodid beetle,Platypus quercivorus (Murayama), were isolated from the mycangium of adult females, from the proventriculus of adults of both sexes, and from galleries in the period before dispersal. Fungi isolated from female mycangia were separated into three groups:Raffaelea sp., yeasts (mainlyCandida spp.), and other species.Raffaelea sp. was isolated predominantly from the teneral stage to the dispersal stage, but was not isolated from the mycangia of mother beetles in new galleries. Yeasts were isolated in every beetle stage tested and their isolation rate was over 80% from the teneral stage to the dispersal stage. All three fungal groups were found in the female proventriculus.Raffaelea sp. was isolated only in the dispersal stage at a rate of 40%, whereas the isolation rate of yeasts gradually increased beginning in the mature stage and reached 100% in the rearing stage. In contrast, in the male proventriculus, onlyRaffaelea sp. and yeasts were isolated in the dispersal and rearing stages. The isolation rate in the rearing stage ofRaffaelea sp. was less than 20%, but that of yeasts was 100%, although these rates were almost the same in the dispersal stage.Raffaelea sp. and yeasts were also isolated from cradles containing eclosing pupae. These results suggest thatP. quercivorus acquiresRaffaelea sp. and yeasts in their mycangia from the cradles immediately after eclosion, and maintain them to the dispersal stage. Then, they transmit these fungi from old to new galleries by way of mycangia, and possibly the digestive system.     

不同饲养条件下阿尔巴斯绒山羊前胃的形态学变化

用大体解剖学方法,观察了不同饲养条件下,8只8~9月龄阿尔巴斯绒山羊前胃容积和粘膜的形态学变化。结果表明,前胃(瘤胃、网胃、瓣胃)容积(除瓣胃外)表现为青草羊最大,其次为放牧羊,干草羊最小。瘤胃前庭黏膜面及肉柱上均有乳头,游标卡尺测定结果显示,瘤胃胃壁乳头的高度表现为干草羊最高,其次为青草羊,放牧羊最矮;网格数以青草羊最多,放牧羊和干草羊基本相似;瓣胃容积表现为放牧羊最大,其次为干草羊,青草羊最小;瓣胃的大、中、小瓣叶表现为放牧羊最高,其次为青草羊,干草羊最低,并发现其有最小瓣叶。在网瓣口处均有10排纵行的高而锐的乳头,每一排乳头延续形成一个大瓣叶。     

鸡腺胃型传支病毒的分离及其油乳剂灭活疫苗的研制

从德州市某些鸡场发生的以腺胃肿大为特征病变的病鸡群中收集腺胃组织进行了病原分离。分离病原通过SPF鸡胚传代可见典型的胚胎病变特征 ,电镜观察 ,可见到直径为 80～ 1 4 0nm、有囊膜及纤突呈冠状排列的病毒离子 ;经 1 %胰酶处理后能凝集鸡红细胞 ;接种 1 0日龄SPF雏鸡可引起与自然病例相似的病征及病理变化 ,并从病变组织中再分离到病毒 ,从而确定该分离株为鸡腺胃型传支病毒。用其制成的油乳剂灭活疫苗 ,可使接种鸡获得坚强的免疫力 ,能有效地预防本病的发生。     

传染性支气管炎病毒青岛腺胃分离株(SD/97/02)基质蛋白、5a、5b 蛋白基因的克隆和序列分析

参考 Gen Bank上的传染性支气管炎病毒 (IBV)序列 ,自行设计合成了 3条引物 ,对 IBV青岛腺胃分离株 (SD/97/ 0 2 ) RNA进行 RT- PCR扩增 ,扩增含基质蛋白 (M)及 5 a、5 b蛋白基因的约 1.6 5 kb的片段 ,对 PCR产物进行克隆后测序。序列分析显示 ,M蛋白基因与其他 IBV相应的基因同源性在 90 .33%～ 92 .75 %之间 ,氨基酸序列比较 ,同源性在 89.82 %～ 94.2 5 %之间 ;5 a基因与其他 IBV的基因同源性在 84.34 %～ 87.37%之间 ,氨基酸同源性在 81%～82 %;5 b基因与其他 IBV的基因同源性在 91%～ 92 %之间 ,氨基酸同源性在 93%左右。     

腺胃病变型鸡传染性支气管炎病毒强毒株的培育

用腺胃病变形鸡传染性支气管炎病毒分离株IBV－D971株接种1日龄SPF鸡，连续传10年代，培育出了腺胃病变型鸡传染性支气管炎强毒株IBV－D971J株。IBV－D971J10对SPF鸡胚的致病力为10^-6.45ELD50/0.2mL,对1日龄SPF鸡的致病力为10^-1.5LD50/1mL，从死亡鸡的心，肝，脾，肺，肾，腺胃，肌胃，法氏囊等均能分离到IBV，IBV－D971J10不含鸡新城疫，禽流感，鸡马立克氏病，鸡传染性法氏囊炎，网状内皮组绢增殖病等外源病毒，对SPF鸡可引起典型的腺胃炎，肌胃炎，间质性肾炎等是变化。     

鸡传染性腺胃炎病原的分离与鉴定

自泰安地区的腺胃炎病鸡群中分离到TA毒株,在SPF鸡胚稳定传至第6代,病毒具有致鸡胚规律性死亡和典型致胚胎病变特征。TA株感染鸡胚尿囊液提纯的病毒经负染后电镜观察:病毒粒子大小为80 nm~160 nm,有囊膜,表面有纤突,呈典型冠状病毒形态。病毒无直接血凝性,但经10 g/L胰酶处理后能凝集鸡红细胞。对病毒进行了ELD50测定、对NDV的干扰试验和致病性试验。结果表明,病毒均呈现冠状病毒的特性和与自然病例相似的病理症状。     

绍鸭腺胃蛙皮素细胞生长发育的免疫组织化学观测

采用免疫组织化学ABC方法，显示绍兴麻鸭胚后期腺胃蛙皮素免疫反应细胞（P细胞）的形态及其分布，分别计数每个周龄阶段的腺胃腺叶和表面上皮中蛙皮素免疫反应细胞的数量，并进行了统计学分析。结果表明：P细胞形态多样，以卵圆形、多面体形为主，并且有胞质突起。P细胞多分散分布于腺叶的中间与内侧区，个别分布在表面上皮中。腺叶P细胞的生长峰期为0～6周龄，以后下降，表面上皮P细胞生长峰期为0～10周龄，以后迅速下降。各周龄腺叶P细胞数明显多于表面上皮P细胞数。     

传染性支气管炎病毒嗜腺胃毒株(ZJ971毒株)结构蛋白和S1基因的结构分析

对来自浙江地区的传染性支气管炎病毒嗜腺胃毒株（ＺＪ９７１株）的结构蛋白进行了ＳＤＳ电泳分析，用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ扩增其Ｓ１基因ｃＤＮＡ，并作了测序分析。结果显示，ＺＪ９７１株结构蛋白由２１２０００、１４６０００、９７４００等８条蛋白带组 其他传染性支气管炎病毒株相比缺损１１６０００蛋白条带；Ｓ１基因全长为１７２０ｎｔ，编码１条５５１个氨基酸组成的多肽，其核心苷酸与其他传染性支气管炎病毒株的同源性为９９．