蛋鸡网状内皮组织增生病病毒分离鉴定

山东某鸡场饲养的10000只父母代海兰蛋种鸡于育成前期出现进行性消瘦、生长发育不良等症状;剖检以腺胃肿胀、淋巴器官萎缩为特征,至70日龄发病率达90%;经ELISA方法检测抗体及间接免疫荧光原位病原检测证明该病与网状内皮组织增殖病病毒(REV)感染有关。取7只病鸡肝脏研磨处理后接种鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF),用REV单抗11B118进行间接免疫荧光检测,结果均呈阳性;根据REV-HA株前病毒基因组DNA env囊膜糖蛋白基因序列设计引物,提取阳性CEF基因组DNA作为模版,PCR扩增后得到438 bp的目的片段;PCR产物测序结果比对显示,该毒株与其他中国野毒株的同源性高于与REV-HA株的同源性。综合诊断判定该病可能与鸡群早期感染致病力较强的REV有关。     

Retrospective and prospective studies of transmissible viral proventriculitis in broiler chickens in Brazil

We investigated the occurrence and pathologic findings of transmissible viral proventriculitis (TVP) associated with the chicken proventricular necrosis virus (CPNV) in commercial broiler chickens in southeastern Brazil. Seventy-three broilers, 25–36 d old, with a history of reduced growth, were referred to our veterinary pathology services from 2013 to 2017. Broilers were clinically examined, weighed, and euthanized for postmortem examination. Broilers of different ages with proventricular histologic lesions were positive for CPNV by RT-PCR; however, the intensity of histologic lesions was higher among 33-d-old animals, and viral RNA detection was more frequent among those that were 28 d old. In the proventriculi of 35 of 73 (48%) broilers, lesions were characterized by glandular epithelial necrosis, lymphoplasmacytic and histiocytic infiltrates, and metaplasia of glandular epithelium to ductal epithelium. In 24 of 73 (36%) broilers with histologic TVP-compatible lesions, CPNV was detected by RT-PCR for the viral protein 1 (VP1) gene. Broilers with histologic lesions were lighter than expected compared to the Cobb 500 standard weight. TVP has not been reported previously in broiler chickens in Brazil, to our knowledge.     

表现腺胃炎的蛋用型鸡J亚群-白血病病毒的分离与鉴定

从表现腺胃炎的尼克珊瑚粉商品代蛋鸡中分离到J亚群-白血病病毒(ALV-J)。将病料或鸡白细胞接种于CEF,培养12 d,分别采用单克隆抗体间接免疫荧光试验检测,结果10只鸡中有9只鸡分离到ALV-J,其中有4只鸡还存在与禽网状内皮增生病病毒(REV)的共感染。通过PCR扩增gp85基因,与已发表的20株ALV-J进行同源性比较。结果表明,与来自白羽肉鸡的HPRS103的同源性为97.8%,而与来自蛋用型鸡的SD07LK1株的同源性为93.0%。本研究发现,在某些仅仅发生腺胃炎的鸡也可能普遍存在ALV-J感染,再次显示了腺胃炎病料中病毒感染的多样性。ALV-J可能成为致腺胃炎的病原之一,但其致病作用有待进一步研究。     

鸡传染性腺胃炎病原分离和初步鉴定

从１９９７年在浙江省建德市发生的一种新的以腺胃肿大为特症的鸡传染病病例中收集的腺胃组织（ＺＪ９７１）为鸡胚接种材料,感染鸡胚第１代可达３３．３％的死亡率,第３代达７５％的死亡率并出现规律性死亡,自第６代开始死亡率达１００％．鸡胚尿囊液经１％胰酶处理后可凝集鸡和鼠的红细胞,电镜观察可见直径９０～１９０ｎｍ的带囊膜和突起的冠状病毒粒子,中和试验结果显示低滴度的ＺＪ９７１可被ＩＢＶ－Ｈ５２和Ｔ株血清中和,ＺＪ９７１对酸、碱、热、乙醚和氯仿敏感,对反复冻融不敏感．这表明,从腺胃病变型鸡群中分离的ＺＪ９７１毒株是冠状病毒科的一个成员．     

某肉鸡规模养殖场鸡腺胃炎风险因素调查

家禽腺胃炎是危害我国家禽养殖业的主要疫病之一,病因多样、未明是目前阻碍该病防治的主要原因。本研究从可能与鸡腺胃炎关联的风险因素着手,通过单因素分析寻找疫病关联因素,并对筛选出的关联因素建立多因素logistics回归模型,分析这些因素与疫病的关联程度。结果显示在发病场,垫料湿度与疫病显著相关,而空气湿度虽与疫病无显著关联,但影响垫料湿度和疫病的关联程度,是后者的混杂因素。     

鸡传染性腺胃炎的病原分离及某些生物学特性

1999年12月底,北京郊区某鸡场发生1种以鸡腺胃肿大为特征的鸡的传染病.取发病鸡腺胃,经研磨离心处理,取上清接种SPF鸡胚,从第4代开始,出现典型的胚胎卷缩、侏儒胚,EID50为10-5.25.病毒感染SPF鸡胚尿囊液经负染电镜观察,可见直径为80～160nm,有囊膜和纤突的类似冠状病毒的病毒粒子.该病毒可干扰新城疫病毒增殖.病毒对热敏感,耐酸,无直接血凝性,但病毒经胰酶处理后能凝集鸡红细胞.用此分离毒接种8日龄雏鸡,能引起与自然病例相似的病理变化.     

鸡传染性病毒性腺胃炎研究进展

鸡传染性病毒性腺胃炎是一种以腺胃肿大、腺胃乳头出血溃疡为主要特征的传染病,该病多发生于雏鸡,主要表现为生长停滞和消瘦,剖检除较常见的腺胃炎变化外,还可见胸腺和法氏囊萎缩,胰腺坏死。该病的临床症状、病理变化表现不尽相同,病原众说不一。文章就该病的病原学、流行病学、病理变化、临床症状以及鉴别诊断做了综述。     

传染性腺胃炎组织病理学和超微结构的研究

近两年来,我国的许多地区流行了一种以腺胃肿胀,生长严重受阴为特征的传染病－－传染性腺胃炎。对肿胀的腺胃组织进行组织学和超微结构的观察表明,腺上皮细胞以网状细胞组织增生为主,肿胀的细胞内有大量的空泡样结构,与马立克氏病、淋巴细胞白血病有明显的区别。朋腺胃组织的超薄切片中可观察到４种病毒颗粒,其中有３种业已证明分别为网状内上组织增生症病毒、冠状病毒和新城疫病毒,另一种病毒呈球形,大小在６０￣８０ｎｍ,     

PROGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF THE PROVENTRICULUS: KEEL RATIO FOR SHORT-TERM SURVIVAL IN PSITTACINES WITH PROVENTRICULAR DISEASE

The proventriculus:keel ratio was evaluated as a prognostic indicator for short-term survival in parrots with proventricular disease. Measurements were made from right lateral radiographs of 41 parrots with proventricular disease. Results were compared with the previously described abnormal proventriculus:keel ratio range and to short-term clinical outcome at 1-month postdiagnosis. The ratio in all parrots was >0.52, and 39% of parrots succumbed to their disease within 1 month of diagnosis. There was no significant association between the proventriculus:keel ratio and survival duration ( P =0.9). The proventriculus:keel ratio is a sensitive indicator of proventricular disease in parrots but is insensitive as a prognostic indicator.     

Zygomycotic proventriculitis and ventriculitis in ostriches (Struthio camelus) with impaction

Three young ostriches (Struthio camelus), aged 4 months, were found to have zygomycotic proventriculitis and ventriculitis associated with impaction. Clinical signs were anorexia, chronic weight loss, weakness and lethargy followed by scant faeces for seven days. Proventriculi and ventriculi from birds were full of masses of hay, grass, leaves and other fibrous materials in combination with sand, gravel and plastic. Erosions and haemorrhagic ulcers of varying number and severity were present in the mucosae of both organs involved. Mucosal lesions were characterized by haemorrhagic necrosis. Throughout the affected mucosae there were 5 to 12 microns wide rarely-septated fungal hyphae with non-parallel walls, irregular branching and occasional globoid distentions, typical of Zygomycetes. Zygomycotic proventriculitis and ventriculitis secondary to impaction was diagnosed.