中药产后调理提高奶牛生产性能的试验研究

应用中药增乳Ⅰ号进行了产后调理提高奶牛生产性能的试验研究。结果表明,试验组奶牛羊草采食量,产奶量,乳脂率、受胎率均显著高于对照组(P<0.01), 隐性乳房炎发病率显著低于对照组(P<0.01),血清GOT、ALP、钙、磷和血糖浓度两组差异不显著(P>0.05),而且均在正常范围内。说明该方剂能够改善产后奶牛体况,提高奶牛生产性能,对预防多种产后疾病具有一定意义,适宜于奶牛产后应用。     

影响哺乳期羔羊生长的母羊因素分析

为探索母羊因素对哺乳期云上黑山羊羔羊生长发育的影响,根据母羊体重、胎次分别选取云上黑山羊初生羔羊90只和120只,公、母各半,从出生开始直至90日龄断奶,每10天进行1次体重测定,进行生长发育分析.结果表明:①母羊产后体重对羔羊初生重、哺乳期体重具有显著影响(P<0.05).母羔中,38～45 kg母羊组和48～62 ...     

Pregnancy Rate in Zebu Cows with Two Different Postpartum Intervals Exposed to a Two-Bull Rotational System

In order to evaluate the reproductive effect of a rotational breeding system, the pregnancy rate of 69 Zebu cows was assessed, 32 late postpartum (211±93 days postpartum, LP) and 37 early postpartum (averaging 63±8 days after calving, EP). In the LP group, 60% (19/32) were cycling before exposure to the bulls but only 38% (14/37) in the EP group. The two groups were dissimilar from the start (p<0.05). The cows were exposed in a rotational breeding system, with six Brahman bulls with previous sexual experience paired off in three groups (A–B, C–D and E–F). The cows were exposed to each pair of bulls for a period of 3 weeks, with one week in between each period, when the females were without the presence of a male. In the LP group, the pair of bulls A–B obtained a pregnancy rate of 72% (23/32), whereas for bulls C–D the pregnancy rate was 33% (3/9) and for bulls E–F the pregnancy rate was 67% (4/6). In contrast, for the EP cows, bulls A–B obtained a pregnancy rate of 32% (12/37), bulls C–D a pregnancy rate of 67% (12/18) and for bulls E–F a pregnancy rate of 55% (6/11). The percentage pregnancy obtained using the pair of bulls A–B differed (p<0.05) between LP and EP, whereas for bulls C–D and E–F it was similar. The pregnancy rate was different (p<0.05) in the first 3 weeks of mating for the LP group, the highest number of cows becoming pregnant during the first 3 weeks of the study. In contrast, the highest number of pregnancies in EP occurred evenly during the last 6 weeks. This study suggests that the reproductive performance of pairs of bulls in a 9-week rotational programme with the overall pregnancy rate is similar (94% in the LP and 81% in the EP). However, the time taken for the females to become pregnant, and hence the performance of the bulls, is related to the average number of days postpartum for the cows.     

纤维素酶和丙二醇对产后奶牛能量负平衡相关血清指标的影响

本文旨在比较饲粮中添加纤维素酶和丙二醇对产后奶牛能量负平衡相关血清指标、尿液酮体浓度的影响。试验选择24头处于围产前期奶牛随机分成3组,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,另设置丙二醇组(基础饲粮+0.5%丙二醇制剂)和纤维素酶组(基础饲粮+0.1%纤维素酶制剂),测定产后第1、20、40、60和100天奶牛能量负平衡相关血清指标、尿液酮体的浓度。结果表明:在产后第1天丙二醇组血清葡萄糖和胰岛素浓度显著高于其余2组(P<0.05);在产后第1、20、40和60天,丙二醇组血清游离脂肪酸和尿液酮体浓度显著低于对照组(P<0.05),第20天显著低于纤维素酶组(P<0.05);甘油三酯等与肝脏脂肪代谢相关的血清指标试验组优于对照组,且以丙二醇组更好。综上,饲粮添加丙二醇及纤维素酶对奶牛产后能量负平衡有一定的改善作用,且以添加0.5%丙二醇制剂效果相对更好。     

米索前列醇与催产素预防产后出血效果的随机对照研究

目的 :观察米索前列醇与催产素预防产后出血的疗效比较。方法 :31 8例产妇随机分为两组 ,米索前列醇组 (米索组 ) 1 62例 ,在胎头着冠后立刻给予口服米索 60 0 μg,催产素组 1 56例 ,在胎儿前肩娩出后立刻给予子宫体部注射催产素 2 0 IU。结果 :米索组第三产程时间明显短于催产素组〔(7.2± 3.9) min vs (9.9± 3.9) min〕;产后 2 h出血量明显少于催产素组〔(1 60 .4± 73.4) m L vs (2 4 0 .3± 1 0 3.4)m L〕,差异均有显著性 (P<0 .0 5)。结论 :米索前列醇对预防产后出血优于催产素     

诱导乏情母牛发情研究

用催情促孕饲料添加剂(PEP)结合激素处理诱发乏情母牛发情。结果表明:饲喂PEP比对照组能极显著地提高发情率。饲喂PEP30d后,母牛总发情率为81 3%(P<0 05),总受胎率为91 6%(P<0 01),显著提高激素处理组的总发情率(P相似文献   

Factors Affecting Fertility According to the Postpartum Period in Crossbred Dual-Purpose Suckling Cows in the Tropics

To determine the relationship between first service conception rate (FSC) and the postpartum period (PP), 6160 calvings from 2250 crossbred dual-purpose cows were analysed. The effects of breed predominance (BT: Bos taurus and BI: Bos indicus), season of service (dry, intermediate and humid), parity (1 or 2 and more), agroecological region (Sub-humid and Dry Tropical Forest) and milk production were studied. The postpartum period was grouped according to the calving–first service interval as G1 ≤ 60 days (n = 1889); G2 > 60 ≤ 90 days (n = 1436); G3 > 90 ≤ 120 days (n = 1030); and G4 > 120 days (n = 1805). Data were analysed by chi-squared test. The overall mean for FSC was 58.2% and was lower in G1 (p < 0.01). All PP showed a breed effect on FSC, with mean values of 61.6% and 53.3% for BI and BT, respectively. Season of service also affected FSC, which was significantly lower during the humid period: 51.2% versus 57.4% and 61.5% for the intermediate and dry periods (p < 0.01), respectively. Parity and environmental effects were not observed on FSC. Levels of milk yield did influence the FSC, which decreased from 66.7% and 61.0% for milk yields of < 1500 kg and between 1501 and 2000 kg to 46.0% in milk yields > 2000 kg (p < 0.01).     

酵母铬对围产后期奶牛抗氧化能力的影响

选用20头胎次相近和分娩期相近的中国荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为4组,对照组为基础日粮,3个处理组在基础日粮中分别添加3．0、6．0和9．0g／a的酵母铬。试验期为2周,从分娩当天持续到产后14d。结果表明,（1）与对照组相比,添加酵母铬可以提高血清中总抗氧化能力（T—AOC）,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶（GSHPx）的活力（P〈0．01）,降低丙二醛的浓度;（2）酵母铬降低了皮质醇含量,提高了胰岛素活性。本试验条件下,发现基础日粮添加9．0g／d的酵母铬,使铬添加水平为0．8mgCr／kg时,效果较好。为研究在日粮中添加不同水平的酵母铬对围产后期奶牛抗氧化性能的影响提供依据。     

A case of miliary bovine tuberculosis in a dog

Extract

Ethiopia is an agricultural and stock-raising country, some six times the size of Italy, and with climates ranging from tropical desert to temperate highlands. Until recently, its isolation was profound. A year ago Eritrea was added as a Federated State, and with it came the fine port of Massawa. A road also exists to the coast to the port of Assab, and this in future may be developed into a useful cargo route. The present railway line from Djibouti to Addis is very expensive running, as it goes over much desert country without hope of picking up freight. The people, 18,000,000 in number, are made up of many tribes, the senior being the Amharic, while the religions are mainly Coptic and Moslem. Food customs vary a little but are simple, mainly consisting of bread made from teff or dhura, called indjerra, and a highly-spiced and hot stew known as “wott.” Feast days are meat-eating days of beef, mutton, goat, and poultry in varying degrees of preparedness and in that order of value.