石门国家森林公园不同林分秋季保健功能差异比较和综合评价

开展不同林分保健功能的差异研究和综合评价,能为今后森林康养林的构建与管理提供科学依据。在2019年秋季（9-11月）森林康养旅游高峰期,选取广东省广州市石门国家森林公园中毛竹林、亚热带季风常绿阔叶林、枫香林、杉木林和枫香杉木混交林5种林分,并设置无林地对照组,分析人体舒适度、空气富氧度、负离子保健浓度和植物精气4个指标,采用隶属函数值对不同林分的保健功能进行综合评价。结果表明:1）5种林分的人体舒适度均处于Ⅰ级非常舒适水平,其中杉木林最佳（2.70）,无林地对照组处于Ⅱ级舒适水平。2）5种林分和无林地对照组的空气富氧度均处于Ⅱ级较高水平,其中枫香杉木混交林的O₂浓度最高（21.17%）,且5种林分的O₂浓度均高于空气中氧气的含量（20.95%）。3）5种林分的负离子保健浓度均处于Ⅲ级较适宜水平以上,其中亚热带季风常绿阔叶林的负离子浓度（7 234个·cm^-3）约为其他林分的3~5倍,处于Ⅰ级很适宜水平,无林地对照组处于Ⅳ级不适宜水平。4）5种林分的植物精气相对含量均较低（<10%）,其中亚热带季风常绿阔叶林植物精气的种类和相对含量均显著高于其他4种林分。5）根据隶属函数值大小,不同林分的综合保健功能强弱依次为亚热带季风常绿阔叶林（0.75）＞枫香杉木混交林（0.61）＞杉木林（0.57）＞枫香林（0.46）＞毛竹林（0.44）＞无林地对照组（0.00）。在秋季,5种不同林分的综合保健功能均优于无林地对照组,尤其是亚热带季风常绿阔叶林,非常适合游客进行森林康养游憩。     

Effects of dietary supplemental phytoncide instead of zinc oxide on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,blood profiles,and faecal microflora in growing pigs

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of phytoncide (PTC) instead of zinc oxide on growth performance, blood profile, nutrient digestibility and faecal microflora in growing pigs. A total of 120 growing pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] with initial body weight 24.48 ± 1.62 kg were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments for a 6 weeks feeding trials, the treatments as follow: CON (base diet),ZO (CON + 0.03% Zinc Oxide), PTC1 (CON + 0.5% PTC), PTC2 (CON + 1.0% PTC). Compared to basal diet, during weeks 1–3, 3–6, and overall experimental period, the ADG of growing pigs fed phytoncide diet trend to be increased, and fed ZO diet was significantly increased (p < 0.05). During weeks 3–6 and overall experiment period, pigs fed the ZO diet showed improvement in feed intake compared to pigs fed basal diet as a trend. Compared with basal diet, the pigs receiving phytoncide diet significantly increased the digestibility of DM and reduced the concentration of aspartate transaminase in pigs receiving 1.0% phytoncide diet. These results suggested that dietary supplement of phytoncide, Korean pine extract, could be used as an alternative to zinc oxide by decreasing detoxify to soil and plants without influencing the performance of growing pigs. Further study is needed to determine the systemic estimation of the dose of phytoncide.