马桑根瘤内生菌纯培养物的分离、回接及其生物学特性

多次采用根瘤切片法直接从野生的马桑根瘤中分离内生菌纯培养物均未获成功;但用同样方法从温室里人工接种形成的马桑根瘤中却分离到大量纯培养物。其中273株经盆栽回接后发现有24株能侵染结瘤;少数菌株还通过半固体斜面和珍珠岩盆栽回接成功。对10株纯培养物表型特性的研究表明,它们均具有Frankia的形态和培养特征;生理类型除有A、B两型外,尚出现有一类A、B混合型,其中凡属B型菌株的均能侵染结瘤,A型则不能,两株A、B混合型中有1株能结瘤,另1株却不能;碳、氮源利用特性和其它Frankia基本相似;细胞壁组分既有Ⅲ型也有Ⅱ型;全细胞鉴别性糖大多为木糖和半乳糖,少数菌株只含有半乳糖或木糖,或含有半乳糖、木糖和阿拉伯糖。DNA中G+C mol%为65%～74%。     

蓝狐多重感染的病原学及主要病原的分子生物学特性

2006-2007年期间,山东6地区规模化毛皮动物养殖场出现母狐空怀、流产,幼狐呼吸困难,鼻孔出血,气喘并伴有腹泻、死亡等症状,为探明病因,对发病场进行流行病学调查和送检的236份病料组织进行病原学检查,结果表明造成该病的主要原因是由绿脓杆菌(Pseudomonas aerudinosa)、沙门菌(Salmonella)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)和普通变形杆菌(Proteus vulgaris)共感染所致.这4种细菌单独感染、二重感染、三重感染和四重感染的平均感染率分别为50%、45.8%、3.8%和0.4 0%.在分离的4种细菌中以绿脓杆菌的分离率为最高,达到86%,对该痛原又进行(G+C)mol%、16SrRNA序列同源性和系统发育分析,构建了包括9株邻近种属细菌在内的系统发育树,其中与绿脓杆菌(AJ249451)同源性最高,为99.2%,进一步确定该病原菌属于假单胞菌属中绿脓杆菌.本研究为目前规模化毛皮动物养殖场蓝狐病的原因提出了新的思路,为疾病的防治提供了依据.     

不同水稻品种对钾的吸收及其对钾肥的反应

测定了９个水稻品种在０．１ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＫ２ＳＯ４＋０．２ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＣａＳＯ４溶液中吸收２小时和４小时的Ｋ＾＋浓度和ＰＨ值的变化。结果表明溶液的ＰＨ变化与Ｋ＾＋浓度变化呈极显著的正相关，这为建立快速简便地筛选高吸钾速率水稻品种的方法提供了基础。幼苗耗竭试验表明，水稻利用土壤中的钾大部分来自非交换性钾源。各品种的吸钾总量与来自非交换性钾及１ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＮＯ３不能撮的钾和矿物钾均有极显著的相关性，这可     

The enzymatic incorporation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate into polyisoprene in rubber particles from Parthenium argentatum Gray

Studies have indicated the presence of both a de novo biosynthesis of new polyisoprene chains and the elongation of pre-existing rubber-PP chains in rubber particles from Ficus elastica Roxb. and small rubber particles from Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Müll. Arg. In this paper, we have isolated rubber particles from the cortical parenchyma of Parthenium argentatum Gray with an adsorbed isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase that was competent to form polyisoprene to determine the presence of de novo biosynthesis of polyisoprene and the elongation of pre-existing rubber-PP. The gel filtrated rubber particles were supplied saturating concentrations of [¹⁴C]-isopentenyl pyrophosphate for 1 h and the resulting concentrations of [¹⁴C]-polyisoprene were isolated and analyzed with a Waters 150C Gel Permeation Chromatograph. The mol wt distribution of the [¹⁴C]-polyisoprene ranged from 10³ to 10⁶ Da with no formation of high mol wt chains equal to the polyisoprene in the mol wt distribution of natural rubber from P. argentatum. The mol wt distribution of [¹⁴C]-polyisoprene following 1 h of incubation of the reaction mixture was similar to the mol wt distribution formed by the bound rubber transferase in washed rubber particles of H. brasiliensis and the time-dependent formation of polyisoprene by washed rubber particles from P. argentatum. The data support the conclusion that the washed rubber particles from P. argentatum contain a bound rubber transferase that initiates the formation of new chains of polyisoprene from the dimethylallyl pyrophosphate initiator generated from the added isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase followed by the extensive polymerization of isopentenyl pyrophosphate to form a monomodal rubber polymer. There was no evidence in these washed rubber particles of a chain elongation of pre-existing rubber-PP.     

摩尔比对脲醛树脂胶中甲醛含量的影响

降低人造板甲醛释放量的关键在于使用低游离甲醛树脂胶。在制胶过程中，进行了3种摩尔比试验，结果表明，摩尔比对脲醛树脂中甲醛含量影响极大，低摩尔比的脲醛树脂其游离甲醛含量低，用其生产的人造板产品，甲醛释放量也低，符合环保产品的标准。降低甲醛和尿素的摩尔比及改进制胶工艺的反应过程．是制成环保胶的主要途径。     

板栗雄花序生长发育规律及雄花结构解剖观察

通过对板栗（Castanea mollissima Blume)雄花序的生长发育规律和雄花解剖结构观察,结果表明,同一枝条上基部雄花序首先形成,依次向上进行,同一枝条上从基部雄花序开始生长至最顶部一个雄花序发育完全需要50 d左右;同一个雄花序上,基部雄花簇首先开放,依次向上进行,而从基部雄花序开始开花至顶部雄花序完全开花需要20 d左右;一个雄花簇有雄花5～7朵,一般为单数,顶部一朵,下方四朵为两朵并列排列,同一雄花簇中最顶部一朵雄花最先开放,依次向下进行,并列排列的两朵同时开花;板栗雄花小孢子囊数量多,且发育进程有较大差异,表现为无限分化的趋势,小孢子囊两室,偶而有四室出现,内含大量花粉粒。总之,板栗雄花多,花粉数量大,开花散粉时间长,对于相对数量较少的雌花而言,是否为适应风媒传粉所需,有待进一步研究。     

Application of a radioimmunoassay for detection of the major internal antigen (p24) of bovine leukemia virus from cultured lymphocytes of cattle

A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for the major internal antigen of bovine leukemia virus has been applied to detecting this protein in cultured lymphocytes of infected cattle. The specificity inherent in this assay offers obvious advantages over a previously described syncytium induction assay for infectious bovine leukemia virus, because false positive reactions due to other viruses such as bovine syncytial virus are avoided. Investigations of various culture conditions indicated that maximal amounts of antigen had been produced after incubation for 72 hr at 37°C. Lymphocyte concentrations of 10⁶?5×10⁷ cells/ml gave satisfactory results. Tests of cultured lymphocytes from bovine leukemia virus infected or bovine leukemia virus-free cattle indicated a comparable sensitivity between the radioimmunoassay and syncytium induction assay in the detection of bovine leukemia virus infections.