蛋鸡低饲养标准饲粮配方的研究

为适应本地区当前生产需要,用低饲养标准饲粮配方,对莱杭鸡的生长与产蛋性能进行了比较试验。结果表明,在整个试验期内,补加鱼粉(1—5%)的试Ⅰ组,和含2种饼类(2—14%)的试Ⅱ组,在体重、料重比(试Ⅰ组—5.87,试Ⅱ组—6.07,对照6.66),产蛋量,料蛋比(试Ⅰ组—3.83,试Ⅱ组—3.88,对照—4.28)和盈利(元/只:试Ⅰ组—1.03,试Ⅱ组—1.23,对照—0.75)等方面较好:但因试Ⅰ组中鱼粉价高而盈利较低;加菜籽饼(2%)和豌豆粉(3—6.7%)的第Ⅲ组与选自生产配方中的对照组,在生产性能与效益方面较低,但仍可盈利,属于低标准、低效益配方,适于在饲养条件差和经营水平低的养鸡场、户采用。     

从土地覆盖变化看塔里木河中下游天然草地的退化

通过GIS技术和1990～2000年的TM影像图,分析了塔里木河中下游近10年的土地覆盖动态变化,结果显示:在塔里木河中下游地区,天然草地退化严重,高、中覆盖草地大幅减少,低覆盖草地的数量虽然增加但主要是流域河岸胡杨林群落退化后向荒漠灌丛草地演化的结果;而在自然环境更加恶劣的塔里木河下游地区,随着断流和地下水位的下降,天然草地正在向裸地和沙地演变。通过分析,提出了恢复塔里木河中下游天然草地的治理建议。     

NaCl胁迫下枸杞愈伤组织活性氧产生与质膜H+—ATPase活性的关系

以枸杞愈伤组织为材料,研究了盐胁迫对活性氧伤害和质膜H -ATPase活性的影响。结果表明,NaCl浓度为100mmol/L时超氧阴离子(O2-·)和过氧化氢(H2O2)含量上升,质膜H -ATPase活性先升后降;质膜相对透性与丙二醛(MDA)含量呈显著正相关;超氧阴离子(O2-·)和过氧化氢(H2O2)含量与质膜H -ATPase活性在重度胁迫下呈显著负相关,说明盐胁迫下活性氧积累可能是加速伤害质膜功能的主要原因之一。     

Effects of p.o. administered xylitol in cats

Xylitol is commonly used as sugar substitute in households. While it has numerous beneficial effects on human health, it is highly toxic to dogs. The goal of this study was to examine whether xylitol has similar deleterious effects, such as hypoglycaemia and acute hepatic failure, on cats. Our research included six healthy middle‐aged cats. Xylitol was dissolved in deionized water and administered p.o. at three doses (100, 500 and 1,000 mg/kg body weight). These dosages have been considered toxic and can cause liver failure or even death in dogs. After every xylitol administration, the basic health status and the blood glucose of cats were observed regularly. Additionally, prior to and 6, 24 and 72 hr after xylitol administration, blood samples were taken to check complete blood count, clinical biochemical parameters and enzymes such as ALT, ALKP, GGT, GLDH, bile acids, BUN, creatinine, phosphate, total protein, albumin, sodium and potassium. There were no significant changes (p > .05) in any of the haematological or biochemical parameters. Blood glucose concentrations did not show any significant alterations, except at 1,000 mg/kg dose, where a mild but significant increase was observed, but it was in physiological range. Based on our results, xylitol did not induce toxic effects on cats.     

中国白酒低度化概述

介绍白酒低度化的原因,分析低度化中品质稳定、去浊澄清和保持原风味等问题,并提出对策,以为低度化白酒的发展提供参考。     

利用蒸发冷却空调开展控温储粮试验

在拱板式高大平房仓的拱板间安装蒸发冷却空调开展控温储粮技术,解决拱板间的积热,以达到延缓仓内温度和上层粮温上升速度的目的。蒸发冷却空调主要利用水泵抽取水槽内的水,通过分水器均匀分布到特殊纤维制成的湿帘组件上,而大流量轴流风机的转动令仓外空气以极高速度穿过湿帘组件将湿气散发到空间,以增加空气中的湿度,通过正压促使空气流动,从而达到换气降温的效果。试验结果表明,利用低功率蒸发冷却空调,可以有效排除拱板间的积热,实现换气降温、节能、环保、绿色储粮的目的。     

NaCl胁迫对白蜡种子生理特性的影响

为了给盐碱地造林树种选择提供依据,以采自秦皇岛和保定的白蜡种子为试材,采用不同浓度的NaCl胁迫处理,研究了其萌发过程中发芽率、细胞膜透性、保护酶活性、丙二醛MDA的变化,结果表明:(1)随着NaCl胁迫浓度的增加,两地白蜡种子发芽率均呈现逐渐降低的变化趋势,秦皇岛各处理的白蜡种子发芽率分别比对照降低了8.9%、52.6%、56.3%、61.6%、87.9%、91.1%,而保定的白蜡种子分别比对照降低20.2%、56.2%、68.7%、86.5%、89.9%、100.0%;(2)随着浓度的升高,种子的相对电导值、K+、Na+渗透率升高,种子的SOD酶活性降低,MDA含量增加,NaCl胁迫浓度越高,种子所受到的伤害越深;(3)0.20%浓度的NaCl胁迫对白蜡种子萌发影响不大。对于不同种源的白蜡种子,秦皇岛的白蜡种子抗盐性要优于保定的白蜡种子。     

古尔班通古特沙漠钠猪毛菜种子异型性及其萌发行为研究

钠猪毛菜在我国仅分布在新疆,具有很强的抗干旱和抗盐碱能力。研究钠猪毛菜不同类型种子形态及其萌发特性,结果表明,钠猪毛菜产生3种类型的种子,其形态特征、萌发特性均有显著差异。A型种子绿色,圆形,着生方式为横生,直径为(1.294±0.089) mm,百粒重(90.71±0.42) mg,花被背部有翅状附属物;B型种子红色,圆形,着生方式为直立,直径为(1.166±0.069) mm,百粒重(85.52±0.49) mg,花被背部有短/无翅状附属物;C型种子黄色,圆形,着生方式为直立,直径为(1.044±0.062) mm,百粒重(83.84±0.31) mg,花被背部无翅状附属物。A型种子在5 ℃/15 ℃、10 ℃/20 ℃、 15 ℃/25 ℃、 20 ℃/30 ℃、 25 ℃/35 ℃(光/暗=12 h/12 h)变温条件下萌发率均>92%,B型种子在5种变温条件下萌发率<60%,为非深度生理休眠,低温层积2周后可打破休眠;C型种子在5种变温条件下萌发率<5.3%,为深度生理休眠,划破种皮可打破休眠。浓度低于0.2 mol·L^-1的NaCl溶液对A型种子萌发的影响不大,但从0.8 mol·L^-1起,萌发率随着浓度增高而降低,直至为零,将在0.05~4.00 mol·L^-1NaCl溶液中处理的A型种子转移至蒸馏水后,仍有一定的恢复萌发率。苞片延缓A型种子吸胀,影响种子的最终萌发率,去除苞片可显著提高种子的萌发率。通过研究钠猪毛菜种子异型性及其萌发行为,为揭示其生态适应机制提供科学依据,并为新疆荒漠地区生态建设提供基础资料。     

基于单片机与电话网的远程测控研究

在很多的行业、部门中,都存在着因为现场与能够处理数据的管理机构隔着较远的距离,或者因为现场无人值守而导致取得的第一手数据无法及时的进行上传,但是,又必须要定时的对部分现场数据进行及时的了解和传送,这样的话对现场的情况就能够起到实时监控或者准时监控的目的。这时,各行业部门中就非常需要得到一种能够满足该项要求的单片机数据采集及远程通信系统来提供可靠的技术支持。     

Differences in Ion Accumulation and Salt Tolerance among Glycine Accessions

Salinity reduces crop yield by limiting water uptake and causing ion‐specific stress. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is sensitive to soil salinity. However, there is variability among soybean genotypes and wild relatives for salt tolerance, suggesting that genetic improvement may be possible. The objective of this study was to identify differences in salt tolerance based on ion accumulation in leaves, stems and roots among accessions of four Glycine species. Four NaCl treatments, 0, 50, 75 and 100 mm , were imposed on G. max, G. soja, G. tomentella and G. argyrea accessions with different levels of salinity tolerance. Tolerant genotypes had less leaf scorch and a greater capacity to prevent Na⁺ and Cl^? transport from soil solution to stems and leaves than sensitive genotypes. Magnitude of leaf injury per unit increase in leaf Na⁺ or Cl^? concentrations was lower in tolerant than in susceptible accessions. Also, plant injury was associated more with Na⁺ rather than with Cl^? concentration in leaves. Salt‐tolerant accessions had greater leaf chlorophyll‐meter readings than sensitive genotypes at all NaCl concentrations. Glycine argyrea and G. tomentella accessions possessed higher salt tolerance than G. soja and G. max genotypes.