赖氨酸占蛋白质及饲粮的比例对杜洛克猪生长肥育性能及胴体品质的影响

杜洛克猪48头,体重27kg左右,分6组。试验前期(27～60kg)日粮的消化能均为13.67MJ)/kg,后期(60～90kg)均为13.44MJ/kg。粗蛋白1、2、3组前期均为18％,后期均为16％;4、5、6组前期均为16％,后期均为14％。同时配合3种赖蛋比水平6.6～6.9％,6.1～6.25％及5％。试验结果表明:4、5、6组平均日增重、饲料利用率及胴体瘦肉率都略高于1、2、3组,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。在前期,以第5组平均日增重最高(达782克),极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01);饲料利用率2.41,极显著好于其他各组(P<0.01)。后期以第5组平均日增重最高(875克)。试验前期,第5组获得最佳的日增重(822克),极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01),饲料利用率2.98,胴体瘦肉率65.79％,与其他各组差异不显著(P>0.05)。在两种粗蛋白水平组内,均以赖蛋比6.1～6.25％的第5组和第2组生长速度最快(822克和778克)。说明在相同的能量水平下,赖蛋比是影响生长速度的主要因素。     

镇海巨高长毛兔体重与产毛性能相关的研究

利用原全国家兔育种委员会2000年长毛兔性能测定数据,分析研究了镇海巨高长毛兔12月龄时体重与产毛性能的相关。结果表明:母兔的体重、标准含水率产毛量、单次产毛率和估测年产毛率均显著或极显著地高于公兔;随着体重的增加,标准含水率产毛量相应地提高,单次产毛率和估测年产毛率相应地下降;体重与标准含水率产毛量、单次产毛率的相关系数分别为0.225、-0.324(P<0.01);标准含水率产毛量与单次产毛率的相关系数为0.845(P<0.01)。     

Effect of stage of maturity of whole-crop barley on intake and liveweight gain by dairy steers differing in initial live weight

The effect of maturity at harvest of whole-crop barley for ensiling on intake and liveweight gain of dairy steers differing in initial live weight (LW) was evaluated in an experiment over two years. Light (104–120 kg) and heavy (402–419 kg) dairy steers were fed diets containing predominantly whole-crop barley silage harvested at the milk stage [dry matter (DM) content of 284 g kg⁻¹ and neutral-detergent fibre (NDF) concentration of 526 g kg⁻¹ DM] or the dough stage of maturity (DM content of 328 g kg⁻¹ and NDF concentration of 445 g kg⁻¹ DM) and supplemented with up to 1 kg of concentrate. Dry matter intake (g kg⁻¹ LW) was higher for whole-crop barley harvested at the dough stage than at the milk stage of maturity and the difference was greater in heavy than in light steers ( P <  0·001). Liveweight gain was higher and feed conversion ratio was lower for dough-stage compared with milk-stage silage ( P  <   0·05) but there was no interaction with size of steer. Whole-crop barley harvested at the dough stage of maturity promoted higher liveweight gains in dairy steers compared with whole-crop barley harvested at the milk stage due to a higher DM intake.     

武定鸡早期肉用性能遗传规律的研究

 本文对武定鸡90日龄活重、胸角、龙骨长及屠体性状的遗传规律初步进行了探讨。材料取自我校鸡场1985年1～6月两批出雏的各200只纯繁殖鸡种,测定诸性状的平均数、标准差。遗传分析用单元内半同胞相关法,将不同季节及性别不同资料合并,计算活重遗传力为0.364,龙骨0.1843,胸角0.376,屠体十个性状的遗传力最高是全净膛重0.8748,最低屠体重0.1,此外着重分析活重、龙骨长、胸角度与屠体主要性状的表型相关、遗传相关及环境相关。结果活重与胸角度、龙骨长间存在较高的遗传相关(0.425、0.4652)。而这三个性状,又与屠体诸性状的主要性状间呈较强的正相关。因此通过对活重等三个性状的辅助选择,有可能提高选种的准确性,从而提高遗传改进量。     

应用四元回归分析估测黄牛活重

根据蒙城本地黄牛、秦本F1代、西本F1代(秦:秦川牛;西:西门塔尔牛;本:蒙城本地黄牛)及豫北黄牛、本夏利F2代和本夏西F2代(本:豫北黄牛;夏:夏洛来牛;西:西门塔尔牛)的体尺体重资料,运用生物统计方法对黄牛活重进行了四元回归分析,并建立了黄牛活重估测的四元回归方程。     

The response of vaccinated rams to experimental challenge using Brucella ovis

One hundred and thirty eight rams were allocated to four experimental groups. An inactivated Br. ovis vaccine was administered either once by the intraperitoneal route (1 i/p), twice by the intraperitoneal route (2 i/p), or twice by the subcutaneous route (2 s/c), and the last group was left unvaccinated. They were then challenged by the intravenous inoculation of between 123 and 1.23 × 10⁸ live Br. ovis bacteria. The number of rams that succumbed to infection within the four groups was 4/35 (11%) for the 2 s/c, 7/33 (21%) for the 2 i/p, 9/35 (26%) for the 1 i/p and 18/35 (51%) for the unvaccinated rams. Vaccination reduced the number of rams that succumbed to experimental challenge and although there were differences between the vaccinated groups, these were not statistically significant.

Following challenge, unvaccinated rams were the first to excrete Br. ovis in their semen; three weeks following inoculation. Next, those vaccinated by either one or two doses by the intraperitoneal technique began to excrete the organism (five weeks) and then finally those rams vaccinated twice by the subcutaneous route (seven weeks).     

日粮中精料和牧草比例对舍饲山羊增重的影响

报道了在四川省洪雅县进行的一项山羊舍饲试验。试验分3个阶段、4个分组,每组8只5月龄的波尔×成都麻羊杂交公羔(去势),按不同精料与牧草配比饲喂。在舍饲条件下,无论以哪种牧草为基础日粮,随着补饲精料比例的增加,总的干物质采食量相应增加,而牧草采食量有所下降。以牛鞭草为基础日粮时,如果不补饲精料,山羊日增重很低,补饲精料可明显提高日增重。在牛鞭草日粮的基础上增加苜蓿干草,最初阶段因试验羊不太适应,导致日增重降低,但是经过约2周的适应之后,山羊日增重显著提高,但苜蓿干草成本较高,用于饲养山羊并不划算。以多花黑麦草为基础日粮时,山羊增重效果最好,依补饲精料比例的不同(12%~43%),山羊日增重130~189g,10月龄时的胴体重为17.56~25.23 kg。以黑麦草为基础日粮结合补饲精料虽可以提高山羊日增重,但增加精料导致成本过高,净收入降低。综合比较,在黑麦草基础上添加10%精料(干物质基础)的配比最好,每只羊每日可通过增重获得0.64元净收入。     

饲料中添加柑桔皮粉和有机稀土复合饲料添加剂对黄杂肉用仔鸡生产性能的影响

将32日龄黄杂肉用仔鸡120只随机分成2组,每组60只,第一组为对照组,仅饲喂基础日粮,第二组饲喂在基础日粮中添加2％的柑桔皮粉 0．5％的730有机稀土复合饲料添加剂的日粮,试验进行35d,结果表明,试验组的增重比对照组高17．07％,料重比比对照组降低16．86％,饲料转化率比对照组提高20．27％,经济效益比对照组高40．14％。     

皮德蒙牛与本地改良母牛杂交一代的体重和体尺指标测定

为了研究皮德蒙牛对本地改良母牛的改良效果,测定了皮黑F1,皮西F1和皮犏F1、代牛初生、30日龄和90日龄的体雷和多项体尺指标．结果表明,皮西F1组的各项被检指标均显著高于其他两种杂交组合后代的指标。     

Performance and blood parameters when lambs and meat‐goat kids were finished on pasture with and without whole cottonseed (Gossypium hirsutum) supplementation

We evaluated forage production patterns, weight gains and blood parameters when lambs (Ovis aries) and meat‐goat (Caprus hircus) kids were finished on a mixed sward of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) with (SUP) and without (UNSUP) supplemental whole cottonseed (Gossypium hirsutum; WCS) in a replicated study. Botanical composition and energy/protein ratios of the sward varied with year and with time during the growing season. Swards had greater amounts of red clover relatively early and more cocksfoot later in the season. Suffolk (SX) lambs had the heaviest body weights, Katahdin (KA) lambs were intermediate, and meat‐goat (GX) kids were the lightest at the end of each year. Overall body weight gain followed a trend of SX > KA > GX, and WCS supplementation increased weight gain for all animals by 18%. Only in 2008 did SUP animals have higher blood urea nitrogen levels, which may indicate less efficient use of dietary nitrogen when grazing grass–legume pastures managed for high nutritive value compared with UNSUP animals. Gossypol in WCS did not affect blood packed cell volume between SUP and UNSUP lambs and meat‐goat kids. Suffolk lambs, Katahdin lambs and cross‐bred Boer meat‐goat kids finished on pasture with and without WCS supplementation produced desirable body weights for most ethnic markets in the USA.