绵羊慢病毒自然感染绵羊的硬化性淋巴细胞性乳腺炎

７头来自新疆南部某绵羊慢病毒（ＯｖＬＶ）感染的羊场的绵羊用于本研究。用琼脂凝胶免疫扩散检查绵羊血清中对绵羊进行性肺炎（ＯＰＰ）病毒（ＯＰＰＶ）的抗体，结果表明有６例呈阳性，１例阴性，抗体效价在３年中呈下降趋势。４例血清学阳性边菜羊和１例阴性和田羊有不同程度的硬化性（纤维性）淋巴细胞性乳腺炎，小叶内有不等的淋巴细胞浸润，导管周围无淋巴滤泡形成，小叶间大量纤维组织增生。７例的肺、脑、关节、血管均无ＯｖＬＶ性特异性病变。从血清学阳性羊的外周血白细胞中未分离到ＯｖＬＶ。     

siRNA干扰ATGL基因表达对猪脂肪细胞脂肪分解的抑制作用

【目的】探讨猪脂肪甘油三酯水解酶(adipose triglyceride lipase,ATGL)基因在脂肪细胞脂解中的作用。【方法】构建针对猪ATGL基因CDS区113和1 358位点的慢病毒干扰载体,包装后用其感染猪成熟脂肪细胞,检测ATGL和激素敏感脂酶(hormone-sensitive lipase,HSL)基因mRNA及其蛋白的表达情况;用甘油试剂盒检测细胞甘油释放量。【结果】成功构建了ATGL基因的慢病毒干扰载体,用其感染猪成熟脂肪细胞后,RT-PCR分析和Western印迹检测结果表明,试验组脂肪细胞ATGL的表达显著下调,HSL的表达没有明显变化;甘油释放量显著降低,其中针对ATGL基因CDS区113位点的siRNA1对ATGL mRNA的干扰效率达55%,甘油释放量降低了49%。【结论】成功构建了猪ATGL基因慢病毒干扰载体,其能显著降低ATGL基因mRNA及其蛋白在猪成熟脂肪细胞中的表达,降低脂肪细胞的甘油释放量,表明ATGL在猪脂肪细胞脂解中有着重要作用,且113位点是ATGL基因CDS区的最佳干扰靶位点。     

A survey of FIV antibodies and FeLV antigens in free-roaming cats in the capital area of Finland.

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) was first isolated and identified in 1986. Since then it has been shown to have a worldwide distribution, and the infection generally appears to have reached a state of endemicity. This is the 1st study of FIV-prevalence in Finland. Serum samples of 196 free-roaming cats were tested for antibodies to FIV and FeLV antigens (Feline leukemia virus). With a combined enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 13 of the cats (6.6%) turned out to be positive for FIV and 2 for FeLV (1.0%). Adult male cats in the capital area of Finland had a FIV prevalence of 24%, a relative proportion 4.7 times higher than that for females.     

One-cycle growth studies with Maedi—Progressive pneumonia—Visna viruses: Shorter latent periods revealed

The latent periods of Visna virus and of progressive pneumonia virus were demonstrated by one-cycle growth studies to end 14–16 hr after infection of sheep choroid plexus cell cultures. Maedi virus was demonstrated to have a 14–18-hr latent period.     

慢病毒介导稳定表达 Cas9 蛋白的鸡成纤维细胞系构建及其活性验证

【目的】筛选稳定表达 Cas9 蛋白的鸡成纤维细胞系（DF-1）,并基于单链退火修复机制（Single Strand Annealing, SSA）的报告载体系统,检测 DF-1 细胞系中的 Cas9 核酸酶活性。【方法】将携带 Cas9 蛋白的慢病毒载体质粒与辅助质粒一起转染 293T 细胞包装慢病毒,收集慢病毒 Cas9 上清液感染 DF-1 细胞,经抗生素筛选得到稳定表达 Cas9 蛋白的 DF-1 细胞,分别用 PCR 和 Western blot 验证阳性 DF-1 细胞表达 Cas9 蛋白的情况;选择鸡卵清白蛋白（OVA）基因的 sgRNA 序列,将 sgRNA 退火产物克隆至 pYP152 构建 sgRNA 表达载体,并在 sgRNA 靶位点两端设计引物扩增 OVA 基因靶片段,将靶片段克隆至报告载体 pCMV-SSA-mCherry-Hind Ⅲ,以破坏 mCherry 蛋白的表达,之后再将 sgRNA 表达载体与 SSA 报告载体共同转染稳定表达 Cas9 蛋白的 DF-1 细胞,最后在荧光显微镜下分析不同稳转株对 mCherry 蛋白表达的修复情况。【结果】经抗生素筛选得到 27 株稳定表达 Cas9 蛋白的 DF-1 细胞系,采用 PCR 扩增稳转细胞基因组,结果显示这些细胞具有 Cas9 蛋白基因序列,Western blots 试验结果显示上述稳转细胞株均表达 Cas9 蛋白;sgRNA 表达载体与 mCherry-SSA 报告载体共转后,通过荧光显微镜观察发现筛选到的稳转细胞株均可恢复报告载体中 mCherry 蛋白的表达。【结论】成功构建了具有切割活性的稳定表达 Cas9 蛋白的 DF-1 细胞系,可为后续在稳定表达 Cas9 蛋白的 DF-1 细胞系上开展鸡相关功能基因研究提供基础材料。     

基于四环素调控系统构建白蛋白启动子调控大鼠uPA转基因表达的慢病毒载体

基于四环素调控系统构建白蛋白(albumin,Alb)启动子调控大鼠uPA(urokinase-type plasminogen activator,ruPA)转基因肝特异性过表达的慢病毒载体pLVX-Alb-TetOne-TRE-ruPA-T2A-CopGFP(pLATTRUTG)。以CTG0875-2-11质粒为模板,PCR扩增大鼠的uPA(ruPA)基因,3’端添加Flag标签,In-Fusion克隆至pLVX-Alb-TetOne-TRE-T2A-CopGFP(pLATTTG)质粒中,得到慢病毒载体pLVX-Alb-TetOne-TRE-ruPA-T2A-CopGFP(pLATTRUTG),所构建质粒经测序和酶切鉴定。将pLATTRUTG瞬时转染293T细胞,转染后24 h倒置荧光显微镜检测CopGFP表达;接着向6孔细胞培养板内加入强力霉素(Doxycycline,Dox),48 h后在倒置荧光显微镜下观察CopGFP表达(包括未加Dox的孔),随后收集细胞以提取总RNA和总蛋白,用于RT-qPCR检测ruPA及报告基因表达和Western blot检测标签蛋白Flag表达。酶切和测序确证我们成功构建了慢病毒载体pLATTRUTG;瞬转293T细胞后,24 h倒置荧光显微镜下可见零星细胞(约占0.1%)发弱的绿色荧光,加Dox 48 h后所有细胞展现强的绿色荧光,而不加Dox的孔内仍然只见到零星细胞(约占0.1%)发弱的绿色荧光。RT-qPCR和Western blot检测结果显示,与不加Dox的细胞相比,加Dox的细胞中ruPA、报告基因CopGFP和Flag表达水平显著升高。结果提示,成功基于四环素调控系统构建Alb启动子调控大鼠uPA转基因表达的慢病毒载体pLATTRUTG,为相关后续实验奠定了基础。     

dusp1敲降对低温诱导斑马鱼ZF4细胞凋亡的作用

为了研究双特异性磷酸酶(dual-specificity phosphatase 1,dusp1)基因与鱼类低温诱导的细胞凋亡之间的关系,本研究经Eco RI和Age1酶切构建plko.1-dusp1-sh RNA1,plko.1-dusp1-shRNA2,plko.1-negative control(nc),plko.1-EGFP的重组质粒,并分别与慢病毒包装质粒pCMV-DR8.9.1、pCMV-VSVG共同转染至293T细胞中,经293T细胞包装的病毒,感染斑马鱼(Danio rerio)胚胎成纤维样细胞(zebrafish embryos fibroblast like cell line,ZF4),RT-PCR检测表明dusp1成功被敲降。经嘌呤霉素筛选获得稳定表达细胞系,将细胞于28℃培养(正常对照组)或经10℃低温处理10 d,使用annexin V-FITC/Propidium lodide(PI)双色标记流式细胞术检测ZF4细胞凋亡情况。结果显示:低温胁迫下dusp1敲降的细胞凋亡(dusp1-shRNA1敲降,dusp1-kd1;dusp1-shRNA2敲降,dusp1-kd2)比例较nc组显著上调,其中早期凋亡和晚期凋亡细胞比例dusp1-kd1显著高于nc组,并且dusp1-kd1活细胞数显著低于nc组(P0.05),进一步证明dusp1参与鱼类冷应激过程,并在低温情况下保护细胞。该研究为后期对斑马鱼细胞低温胁迫实验奠定了基础,其中dusp1基因沉默型斑马鱼细胞在10℃低温处理10 d凋亡数显著大于对照组,证明dusp1在细胞凋亡信号通路中起到重要调控作用,为低温下研究斑马鱼基因的分子机制提供新的思路。     

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus and Puma Lentivirus in Florida panthers (Puma concolor coryi): Epidemiology and Diagnostic Issues

This study documents the seroprevalence of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and puma lentivirus (PLV) in free-ranging and captive Florida panthers (Puma concolor coryi) (n = 51) and translocated Texas cougars (P. concolor stanleyana) (n = 10) from 1985 to 1998. The sera were tested for anti-FIV antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot tests. The ELISAs were read kinetically (KELA) and the sera were retrospectively examined by PLV peptide ELISA. Eleven panthers and one cougar were positive by KELA; 4 panthers and 4 cougars were equivocal; 35 panthers and 5 cougars were negative; and 1 panther had no data. Seven of the 11 KELA-positive panthers were also positive by Western blot tests and all but one were positive by PLV peptide ELISA. Ten KELA-negative and Western blot-negative cats, were positive by PLV peptide ELISA. KELA results varied within cats from one sample period to the next, but PLV peptide ELISA results were consistent. Territorial sympatry and mating behaviour, noted from radiotelemetry location data on the cats, may have contributed to viral transmission between seropositive animals. These findings suggest that Florida panthers and the introduced Texas cougars have been exposed to FIV and/or PLV.