陆海杂种F1成熟纤维的电镜观察初步分析

[目的]明确陆海杂种F1与亲本纤维细胞形态学上的差异,了解优质纤维的形态特征。[方法]以陆地棉中棉所36、鲁棉研19和海岛棉海8577、海7124为亲本配制了4个杂交组合,在扫描电子显微镜下观察F1成熟纤维的形态特征,并与亲本进行比较。[结果]F1纤维长度为32.89~34.75 mm,比强度为34.75~39.80 cN/tex,马克隆值为3.560~4.380,均接近或超过海岛棉亲本。与亲本相比,F1成熟纤维顶部和中部的扭曲程度增大,纵纹加深,均偏向于海岛棉亲本,并且多数组合成熟纤维的中部出现了泡状膨大。[结论]陆海杂种F1成熟纤维的形态与品质明显偏向于海岛棉亲本,并出现了泡状膨大的新性状。     

Lens morphometry determined by B-mode ultrasonography of the normal and cataractous canine lens

Purpose To determine axial lens thickness, anterior chamber depth and axial globe length in canine eyes with normal lenses and in eyes with immature, mature, congenital, posterior polar and diabetic cataract. Methods B‐mode ultrasonography was performed in 50 normal dogs and, as a prephacoemulsification screening procedure, in 100 dogs with cataract. Axial B‐mode ultrasonograms were used to determine lens thickness, anterior chamber depth and globe diameter. Statistical comparisons between groups were made by analysis of variance and multivariate analysis, with a significance level of P < 0.05. Results Axial globe lengths were not statistically significantly different between groups apart from the smaller globes in younger dogs with congenital cataract. Axial lens thickness in diabetics (8.4 ± 0.9 mm) was statistically significantly different from the lens thickness in normal eyes (6.7 ± 1.0 mm), eyes with immature cataract (6.4 ± 0.8 mm) and eyes with mature cataract (7.4 ± 0.9 mm) although these groups, while varying in thickness, were not statistically significantly different from each other. Anterior chamber depth was statistically significantly reduced in eyes with diabetic cataract (2.9 ± 0.1 mm) from that in normal eyes (3.8 ± 0.1 mm), eyes with immature cataract (3.5 ± 0.1 mm) and eyes with mature cataract (3.2 ± 0.6 mm) although these groups, while varying in chamber depth, were not statistically significantly different from each other. Conclusions Lenses with diabetic cataracts were significantly increased in axial thickness compared to lenses in other eyes, although lenses with mature cataracts showed a trend towards increased axial thickness and immature cataracts demonstrated a trend towards reduced thickness. While previous studies on cataract pathobiology have suggested a reduction in lens thickness in immature cataract through lens protein loss and an increase in thickness in mature cataracts through intumescence, this study is the first to document these changes in the canine lens.