Characterization of bovine ileal epithelial cell line for lectin binding,susceptibility to enteric pathogens,and TLR mediated immune responses

In this study, primary and immortalized bovine intestinal epithelial cells (BIECs) were characterized for the expression of surface carbohydrate moieties. Primary BIEC-c4 cells showed staining greater than 90 % for 16 lectins but less than 50 % staining for four lectins. Immortalized BIECs showed significantly different lectin binding profile for few lectins compared to BIEC-c4 cells. BIEC-c4 cells were studied for infectivity to E. coli, Salmonella enterica, bovine rotavirus, bovine coronavirus, and bovine viral diarrhea virus. Bovine strain E. coli B41 adhered to BIEC-c4 cells and Salmonella strains S. Dublin and S. Mbandaka showed strong cell invasion. BIEC-c4 cells were susceptible to bovine rotavirus. LPS stimulation upregulated IL-10, IL-8, and IL-6 expression and Poly I:C upregulated TLR 8 and TLR 9 expression. This study provides important knowledge on the glycoconjugate expression profile of primary and immortalized BIECs and infectivity and immune responses of primary BIECs to bacterial and viral pathogens or ligands.     

合成氨基酸对肉鸡肠道功能的改善作用

鸡球虫病、坏死性肠炎等肠道感染可能对消化道内源性氨基酸损失产生较大影响。虽然对这一课题的了解不多，但相关文献报道了这些疾病对氨基酸表观回肠消化率的影响。在确定肠内氨基酸流动时必须考虑多种因素，包括肉鸡的年龄、是否有病原体、肠内氨基酸代谢等。胃肠道和肝脏共同承担向外周血释放氨基酸的任务，这些氨基酸是支持蛋白质合成所必需的。一般来说，肠道是氨基酸代谢反应的一个非常活跃的器官系统，它首先会满足自身对氨基酸的需求，然后才会将氨基酸输送到机体其他部分。因此，本综述旨在讨论影响肠内氨基酸流动的因素及日粮氨基酸和肠道感染对氨基酸利用和代谢的影响。     

The effect of feeding a novel multistrain yeast fraction on European seabass (Dicentrachus labrax) intestinal health and growth performance

Fish were fed a single‐strain yeast fraction (SsYF; 2 g/kg) or a multistrain yeast fraction (MsYF; 0.8 g/kg) for 10 weeks. The results demonstrated significant (p ≤ 0.03) elevations in weight gain, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, and feed conversion ratio in fish fed the yeast fraction‐supplemented diets. In the distal intestine, a significant elevation in microvilli density was observed after 5 and 10 weeks of dietary supplementation with MsYF and SsYF, respectively, compared to control fed fish (p < 0.001). A significant elevation (p = 0.02) in the perimeter ratio was observed in fish fed diets supplemented with the yeast fractions. After 10 weeks of feeding on the experimental diets, Rt‐qPCR demonstrated a significant downregulation (p < 0.05) in the stress response genes, heat‐shock protein 70 (hsp70) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna), in fish fed diets supplemented with the yeast fractions. Significant (p < 0.05) elevations in interleukin 1‐beta (il1β) and interleukin‐10 (il10) gene expression were observed in fish fed diets supplemented with the MsYF compared to the other dietary groups. These findings suggest that feeding an MsYF specifically at a lower incorporation rate < 1 g/kg, compared to a commercial SsYF at 2 g/kg, is effective in improving the intestinal health status and growth performance of European seabass.     

低聚半乳糖干预缓解肠道炎症的研究进展

肠道炎症已成为我国社会健康的难题和挑战，其发病率在我国迅速增长。肠道炎症发病原因复杂，目前尚缺乏有效的缓解药物，因此加强肠道炎症有效缓解物质的研发至关重要。低聚半乳糖（galactooligosaccharide，GOS）是一种食疗益生性较优的乳源功能性低聚糖，能够有效促进肠道内益生菌的增殖，改变肠道菌群结构，刺激免疫应答，进而改善肠黏膜屏障功能，缓解肠道炎症。本文综述近年来国内外有关肠道炎症及GOS干预缓解肠道炎症作用的研究进展，并对其应用前景进行展望，为此领域的研究提供科学依据。     

猫鼻气管炎病毒、怀状病毒、泛白细胞减少症病毒的分离及其其形态学观察

根据病毒的理化特性，从猫三联活疫苗中分离出猫鼻气管炎、猫西洋太和猫泛白细胞减少症病毒；筛选出每种病毒敏感的细胞，并将该3种病毒分别分别在其中传代与扩增；通过电镜观察此3种病毒的形态学特征及其在宿主细胞内增殖部位、分布情况等，并以此对猫3种病毒进行了初步鉴定。     

大豆高产理想株型的构成

根据大豆理想株型的概念，分析了大豆的主要生理性状和形态性状与产量的关系，并提出了大豆高产理想株型的合理构成，以期为大豆育种的田间选择和株型育种提供理论依据和实践指导。     

湖南省滑胸茧蜂属Homolobus Foerster初报(膜翅目:茧蜂科:滑胸茧蜂亚科)

描记滑胸茧蜂属属征和褐滑胸茧蜂形态,并提供该蜂的形态图。     

PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗与灭活疫苗生殖道黏膜免疫效果观察

应用组织学方法比较观察了猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)弱毒细胞疫苗与灭活疫苗生殖道黏膜免疫的效果。试验选用5月龄长白×大约克夏二元杂交母猪18头。PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗和灭活疫苗通过生殖道黏膜免疫接种。结果表明PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗生殖道黏膜接种组母猪的子宫黏膜上皮内淋巴细胞数较灭活疫苗生殖道黏膜免疫接种组和对照组母猪显著减少(P<0.01);而且子宫黏膜上皮变矮变薄,变得有些不规则。灭活疫苗生殖道黏膜接种组母猪子宫黏膜上皮内淋巴细胞数与对照组母猪间差异不显著(P>0.05)。本试验结果显示PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗经生殖道黏膜免疫接种则对生殖道黏膜上皮内淋巴细胞产生抑制作用。说明PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗和灭活疫苗经生殖道黏膜免疫效果不理想     

纤维素酶对兔日增重、肠绒毛结构、胃内容物及肝、睾丸内无机元素含量的影响

选用雄性日本大耳白兔20只,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组10只。结果表明,饲喂纤维素酶(3g/头·日)的兔日增重明显增加(P<0.05),通过电镜观察试验组兔空肠肠绒毛结构比较完整,而对照组则比较紊乱。另外,纤维素酶还能提高兔胃酸度和胃蛋白酶的活力(P<0.01);使肝脏中Cu(P<0.01)及睾丸内无机元素的含量增加,而使肝脏中Mn的含量下降(P<0.01)。     

胆盐和游离脂肪酸影响离体小肠细胞类胡萝卜素吸收的研究

用黄鸡小肠细胞进行了 β-胡萝卜素和黄体素的体外吸收试验 ,研究类胡萝卜素浓度、胆盐和游离脂肪酸对这两种类胡萝卜素吸收的影响。结果发现 :β-胡萝卜素和黄体素的吸收均呈浓度依赖性 ;牛磺胆酸钠极显著促进黄鸡离体小肠细胞类胡萝卜素的吸收(P<0.01) ,其促进 β-胡萝卜素和黄体素吸收的最佳浓度分别为3mM和10mM ;游离脂肪酸极显著促进了类胡萝卜素的吸收(P<0.01) ,其中油酸对类胡萝卜素的促吸收作用大于硬脂酸 ,促进 β-胡萝卜素和黄体素吸收的最佳油酸/硬脂酸比率分别为100 :0和3 :1。牛磺胆酸钠和游离脂肪酸影响 β-胡萝卜素吸收的动态变化模式与它们对黄体素的显著不同