基于线粒体COⅠ基因狼山鸡和鹿苑鸡DNA条形编码分析

以狼山鸡和鹿苑鸡为研究对象,利用DNA测序技术测定线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚基Ⅰ(COⅠ)基因序列,探讨COⅠ基因的特定区段作为DNA条形码在识别地方鸡品种方面的可行性和有效性.结果表明:选择的这段COⅠ基因序列有15个突变位点,共9个单倍型,其中狼山鸡有3个特异单倍型,鹿苑鸡有5个特异单倍型,这为寻找品种鉴定依据奠定了基础;平均单倍型多样度为0.835,平均核昔酸多样度为0.004 19,2个品种间核苷酸分歧度为0.003 89,表明2个地方鸡品种COⅠ基因序列具有较高的遗传多样性.     

Identification of the Serious Damage in Superficial Part on Piles

Two kinds of singular signal's characteristics of upper part serious damage piles encountered in the examination of structural integrity of piles are presented. Based on vibration and wave theories, the principle of identifying the existence of the upper part serious damage piles and the method of identifying the damaged positions and severity of piles are worked out. The structure integrity of a pile including damage type and position should be identified by vibration theory of single severity of freedom from its oscillating signs of low frequency,and the damage type and position should be respectively detected by vibration theory and wave theory from the oscillating signs of high frequency. The method is of great practicability in engineering field.     

基于近红外光谱的普洱茶年份检测研究

近红外光谱分析技术是近年发展起来的一种定性、定量分析技术,其具有快速,不破坏样品,操作简单等特点,已广泛应用于各个领域。利用近红外光谱分析技术的特点,首先对54 份不同年份的普洱茶近红外光谱图吸收峰的差异进行分析,然后对普洱茶的年份进行鉴别。结果表明,随着普洱茶年份的增加,其内含主要化学成分不断减少,近红外光的吸收值也不断减少,因此波峰的尖锐程度也不断减少。随后应用聚类分析技术对不同年份的普洱茶进行定性分析,从聚类分析得到的三维立体图中可以看出,各个年份的普洱茶有比较明显的聚类现象,其中有3份茶叶样品被判断为错误,识别准确率为94.444%。     

ITS2序列作为青风藤DNA条形码的研究

采用DNA试剂盒法提取采自不同地区的青风藤及其类似植物的基因组DNA,设计通用ITS2引物进行PCR扩增和测序,运用生物信息学软件对序列进行分析,从而对青风藤及其类似植物进行分子鉴定。结果表明:产地为陕西、贵州、湖北的青风藤样品序列长度分别为380~437、429~436、434~438 bp,GC含量在54.2%~55.7%,平均GC含量约为55%。青风藤及其类似植物的ITS2序列存在较大差异,且平均K2P遗传距离明显大于青风藤的种内平均K2P遗传距离。这说明内转录间隔区2(ITS2)作为DNA条形码可准确地鉴别青风藤与其他类似植物,为中药材的鉴别提供了新途径。     

1株产洛伐他汀红曲菌的筛选和鉴定

为筛选产洛伐他汀菌株,从不同来源的12个红曲米样品中,分离得到56株菌。通过薄层层析法初筛,HPLC复筛,得到5株产洛伐他汀菌株。对其中1株洛伐他汀产量最高的菌株MPT13(0.263 mg/mL)进行个体形态、菌落特征和分子生物学方法鉴定,并与GenBank中已有的有关序列进行比较及系统发育分析,结果鉴定菌株MPT13为紫色红曲霉(Monascus purpure)。     

兔出血性败血症病原学特性鉴定

从疑似兔出血性败血症病死兔体内分离到15株兔多杀性巴氏杆菌,通过Carter荚膜群鉴定法和Heddleston热稳定抗原鉴定法鉴定其血清型,确定11株为血清A:1型。药敏试验结果表明,大部分菌株对磺胺六甲氧嘧啶和头孢噻呋两种药物较为敏感。     

小鹅瘟病毒的分离与初步鉴定

从死亡的具有典型小鹅瘟症状的7日龄雏鹅肝中分离到1株病毒．选用未免疫小鹅瘟疫苗的健康母鹅所产的12日龄鹅胚，进行鹅胚接种试验，雏鹅表现出典型鹅瘟临床症状和剖检特征；鸡胚致死率达到25％；不能凝集多种动物红细胞；能凝集黄牛精子，经琼脂扩散试验，用此株病毒感染的鹅胚液能与小鹅瘟病毒阳性血清发生特异性反应．综上所述，这株病毒初步鉴定为小鹅瘟病毒．     

台湾引进甜杨桃的两种真菌病原鉴定

对福建闽南地区种植的从台湾引进的甜杨桃进行真菌性病害的鉴定.在病害症状和病症组织病理学鉴定的基础上,进行菌株的rDNA-ITS区序列PCR扩增,测序结果在GenBank中进行同源性搜索,下载部分具有代表性属或种的ITS序列,利用软件MEGA4构建分子系统发育树;按照柯赫氏法则对病原物进行了致病性测定,回接后的叶片或果实...     

Minimum Error Variance Adaptive Controlling Technique Applied on the Auto Regulation System of the Draw Frames

Firstly, the uncertain factors in drawing process, which cause the changes of the sensor's displacement and the sensor's vibration, are analyzed in terms of mechanics and statistics. Systemic randomictiy and non linearity affect the performance of traditional auto regulation equipment. Using the minimum error variance adaptive controlling technique to solve the uncertainty of controlled system is the ideal method. Secondly, using generalized least square method to achieve the principle and method of the system identifying model is described. Thirdly, the design steps of the minimum error variance adaptive adjustor and the method of the computer simulation are discussed. The result of test running shows that the output of the system follows the input of the system better, the system restrains the random disturbance more efficiently, and the performance of auto regulation is improved apparently.     

河南林业司法鉴定中存在的问题与对策

分析了河南省林业司法鉴定在处理林业资源纠纷中的重要意义。探讨了当前林业司法鉴定中存在的问题及对策。