Non-invasive Measurement of the Brain Edema and Hematoma

A new method is introduced to measure the conductivity of brain. This method uses magnetic excitation to induce eddy currents inside the brain matter and measures the magnetic field caused by the induced eddy current. The theoretical basis of this method is analyzed and the measurement system is introduced. The aufhors do the experiment and draw a conclusion that the method provided is feasible.     

IMAGING DIAGNOSIS ‐ SPONTANEOUS SUBPERIOSTEAL VERTEBRAL HEMORRHAGE IN A GREYHOUND

A 4‐year‐old, spayed female greyhound dog was presented with an acute onset of paraplegia. There was no known history of trauma or coagulopathy. Spinal cord compression was identified on MRI. Intra‐operative evaluation revealed the presence of a large subperiosteal hematoma and a smaller epidural hematoma. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of a spinal subperiosteal hematoma diagnosed antemortem through MRI, with surgical exploration and successful treatment in a dog.     

Intracorneal hemorrhage in 19 dogs (22 eyes) from 2000 to 2010: a retrospective study

Objective The aim of this retrospective study is to review clinical data on patients that suffered intracorneal hemorrhage (ICH), and the veterinary and human literature available for this condition. Animal Studied A search for ICH was performed within the clinical database of the Animal Health Trust. Nineteen cases were identified (22 eyes). Procedures The patient’s age, breed, and gender were reviewed, together with etiology, location, treatment, and follow‐up. The relevant data were compared with the Animal Health Trust (AHT) ophthalmology referral population for the same period of time (n = 5555). Results Twenty‐two eyes were affected. No breed or sex predisposition could be identified. Patients aged 10 years and above were more frequently affected when compared with the AHT ophthalmology referral population. ICH was recorded in all corneal quadrants, with the mid‐peripheral cornea more often affected. Areas of corneas affected by the ICH showed long‐term loss of transparency. Ocular diseases as a source of neovascularization varied from ocular surface to intraocular disease. Systemic diseases were investigated in some patients, and no concomitant disease could be linked to the development of ICH. Conclusions Intracorneal hemorrhage is a rare condition associated with corneal neovasculature. As in the human ophthalmology literature, ICH could not be linked to a specific ocular or systemic disease. Severe complications described in humans with this condition, such as pupillary block or corneal perforation, were not seen in any of these canine patients. Canine ICH seem to reabsorb with time, with or without medical treatment. Surgical treatment was not required in any of our patients.     

银杏达莫联合高压氧治疗高血压脑出血术后的疗效观察

目的 观察银杏达莫注射液联合高压氧治疗微创血肿清除术后高血压脑出血的临床疗效及其安全性。方法 选取94例行微创血肿清除术的高血压脑出血患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为观察组及对照组。对照组给予高压氧治疗;观察组在对照组治疗的基础上另给予银杏达莫注射液治疗,两组治疗时间均为14 d。治疗后对患者疗效进行评价;治疗前后分别检测各组患者血管外周阻力(R)、动态阻力(DR)、脑血管平均流速(Vmean)和脑血管平均流量(Qmean)等脑血管功能水平,并观察各组患者NIHSS评分、Fugl-Meyer运动功能评价量表及格拉斯哥昏迷指数(GCS)评分。结果 观察组总有效率为85.1%,明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后脑血管功能指标、NIHSS、Fugl-Meyer及GCS评分均得到明显改善(P<0.05),且治疗后观察组上述指标的改善程度明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 银杏达莫注射液联合高压氧治疗高血压脑出血微创血肿清除术后具有较好的疗效,值得进行深入探讨。     

一例犬脾脏血肿的诊断与治疗

脾脏血肿是脾脏血管破裂,血液浸入包膜下形成的。该病临床上多由强烈外力造成,发病率低,诊断和治疗难度大。笔者就一经过临床症状检查、B超、X光检查、剖腹探查术等确诊为脾脏血肿的病例进行分析和总结,目的是为该病的临床诊疗提供理论和实践指导意义。     

复方麝香注射液联合尼莫地平治疗高血压性脑出血微创清除术后患者的疗效观察

目的 观察复方麝香注射液联合尼莫地平治疗微创清除术后高血压性脑出血患者的临床疗效,探讨其临床应用价值。方法 选取2018年5月至2019年5月本院收治的96例高血压脑出血患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组48例。对照组在基础治疗及护理的基础上给予尼莫地平注射液14 d,后改用尼莫地平片继续服用14 d;观察组在对照组的基础上加用复方麝香注射液静脉滴注28 d。观察两组患者治疗前后的血肿量、水肿量、神经功能缺损程度[美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（national institute of health stroke scale,NIHSS）评定]、血清学相关指标[白细胞介素-6（interleukin-6,IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-a（tumor necrosis factor-a,TNF-a）、基质金属蛋白酶-9（matrix metalloprotein-9, MMP-9）],以及治疗后临床疗效。结果 （1）治疗后,两组患者的血肿量、水肿量均较本组治疗前减少,NIHSS评分均较本组治疗前降低,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）,且观察组低于对照组（P<0.05）;（2）治疗后,两组患者的血清IL-6、TNF-a、MMP-9均较本组治疗前下降（P<0.05）,且观察组低于对照组（P<0.05）;（3）治疗后观察组患者的总有效率为95.83%,高于对照组的81.25%（P<0.05）。结论 采用复方麝香注射液联合尼莫地平治疗微创清除术后高血压性脑出血患者,可促进患者颅内血肿吸收,改善神经功能缺损,疗效显著,值得临床推广。     

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FEATURES OF EXTRADURAL HEMATOMAS ASSOCIATED WITH INTER VERTEBRAL DISC HERNIATION IN A DOG

Myelography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed on a 4-year-old neutered female Rottweiler with bilateral pelvic limb paresis. On the myelogram, there was extradural spinal cord compression at the level of the T11-12 intervertebral disc. Inadvertent placement of epidural contrast medium also allowed identification of a 1-cm circular filling defect in the epidural space dorsal to the compressed spinal cord. MRI showed partial loss of the nucleus pulposus signal of the T11-12 disc, a focal signal void within the vertebral canal at T11 compatible with a free disc fragment, and extradural masses compressing the spinal cord at T10-11 and T11-12. Hemorrhage within the masses was confirmed on T2*-weighted images. A mixture of hematoma and mineralized disc material was found at surgery, and there was no histopathologic evidence of neoplasia. In this article, the appearance on MRI of hemorrhage associated with intervertebral disc herniation is discussed.     

Pathological findings of hemorrhagic bowel syndrome (HBS) in six dairy cattle cases

Six adult dairy cows clinically diagnosed as hemorrhagic bowel syndrome (HBS) were the subjects of this study. The involved intestinal lesions were fixed in formalin and examined macroscopically and histopathologically. Pathological examinations revealed large intramural hematomas with necrotic foci, resulting in luminal obstruction. The mucosal layer in the lesions was detached from the intestinal wall, and there were no hemorrhagic changes in the lumen. The intramural hematomas were sometimes covered with histologically intact mucosal layer. These pathological findings were not consistent with those of “intraluminal blood clots” reported previously. Gram-positive and anti-Clostridium antibody-positive short bacilli were found in hemorrhagic necrotic areas. However, the exact relationship between Clostridium spp. observed in the lesions and HBS remains unclear, because this bacterium is a normal inhabitant in cattle.