光散射技术在4.5%高效氯氰菊酯水乳剂物理稳定性研究中的应用

证明了将光散射技术用于评价水乳剂稳定性的可行性。通过4.5%高效氯氰菊酯水乳剂配方的研制,证明了来自Turbiscan Lab分散稳定性分析仪的稳定性参数(SI)可以作为水乳剂稳定性判定的量化指标,其结果与传统的热贮稳定性和冻融稳定性试验结果一致,SI<4.0的4.5%高效氯氰菊酯水乳体系具有稳定性。此外,正交试验结果表明,乳化剂配比对体系的稳定性影响最大,水质和共乳化剂用量的影响相对较小且差异不显著。选定乳化剂配比后,水质和共乳化剂对体系物理稳定性的影响是协同作用的结果,水质可以在较宽的范围内选择,因而可用自来水配制合格的4.5%高效氯氰菊酯水乳剂。     

便携式XRF仪现场快速测定土壤中Pb的可行性研究

便携式XRF分析仪具有轻便、快速和可测对象较多与测量元素较广等特点而广泛应用于矿石、土壤等方面快速检测,但土壤的现场快速测定结果的准确性有待进一步研究与探讨。以安宁河谷平原土壤中Pb为研究对象,通过对便携式XRF仪现场快速检测结果与实验室分析结果的对比和影响因素的分析,建立基于安宁河谷平原表层土壤快速测定结果的线性函数为y=1.170 9x-17.326 0(R~2=0.992 9,x为现场检测结果),探讨其影响因素,为该区域表层土壤中Pb快速检测结果提供依据。     

便携式气体分析仪在柴油机排放测试中的应用

利用便携式气体分析仪在内燃机测试台架上对柴油机按照工况试验循环进行了废气排放分析测试,并对测试结果的有效性进行了分析与评判。     

正交设计法研究花生粗脂肪含量测定方法

以石油醚为浸提剂,选择浸提温度、浸提时间和淋洗时间3个因素,根据L9(34)正交设计表,用FOSS2050型脂肪测定仪对索氏提取法测定花生粗脂肪含量进行了研究。结果表明,淋洗时间对花生粗脂肪含量测定结果影响最大,其次是浸提时间;花生粗脂肪含量测定的最佳提取方案为浸提温度120℃、浸提时间80 min、淋洗时间30 min。     

Combined mutations in five wheat STARCH BRANCHING ENZYME II genes improve resistant starch but affect grain yield and bread-making quality

Increases in the proportion of amylose in the starch of wheat grains result in higher levels of resistant starch, a fermentable dietary fiber associated with human health benefits. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of combined mutations in five STARCH BRANCHING ENZYME II (SBEII) genes on starch composition, grain yield and bread-making quality in two hexaploid wheat varieties. Significantly higher amylose (∼60%) and resistant starch content (10-fold) was detected in the SBEII mutants than in the wild-type controls. Mutant lines showed a significant decrease in total starch (6%), kernel weight (3%) and total grain yield (6%). Effects of the mutations in bread-making quality included increases in grain hardness, starch damage, water absorption and flour protein content; and reductions in flour extraction, farinograph development and stability times, starch viscosity, and loaf volume. Several traits showed significant interactions between genotypes, varieties, and environments, suggesting that some of the negative impacts of the combined SBEII mutations can be ameliorated by adequate selection of genetic background and growing location. The deployment of wheat varieties with increased resistant starch will likely require economic incentives to compensate growers and millers for the significant reductions detected in grain and flour yields.     

近红外分析技术在烟叶数字化烘烤过程中的研究与应用

研究近红外光谱分析仪在烟叶烘烤过程中的具体应用,应用近红外技术对烟叶烘烤进行实时监测,并提出烘烤专家意见,优化工艺曲线,降低烤坏烟叶比例,适合于大中型烟叶烘烤工场应用.项目实现了烟叶烘烤的数字化,且应用过程中体现出快速检测、样品完整、重现性好的特点.通过中央控制系统将专家写入计算机,能对烘烤过程中的烤房进行有效控制,从而达到减工、降本、提质、增效的目的.     

Age-related changes in hematology and plasma chemistry values of hybrid striped bass (Morone chrysops X Morone saxatilis)

Hybrid striped bass (Morone chrysops X Morone saxatilis ) are an important aquaculture species yet there are few diagnostic tools available to assess their health. Hematology and clinical chemistry analyses are not used extensively in fish medicine due to the lack of reference intervals for various fish species, and because factors such as age can affect blood values. There is little published information regarding age-related changes in blood values of juvenile fish. It is important to evaluate juvenile fish, as this is the time they are raised in aquaculture settings. Determining age-related changes in the blood values of fishes would further develop clinical pathology as a diagnostic tool, enhancing both fish medicine and the aquaculture industry. The results of standard hematology and clinical chemistry analysis were evaluated in juvenile hybrid striped bass at 4, 6, 9, 15, and 19 months of age. Values for PCV and RBC indices were significantly lower, and plasma protein concentration was significantly higher in younger fish. Total WBC and lymphocyte counts were significantly higher in fish at 6 and 9 months of age, while neutrophil and monocyte counts were higher at 6, 9, and 15 months. Eosinophil counts were significantly higher in 9-month-old fish. The majority of hematologic values fell within previously established reference intervals, indicating that only slight modification to the intervals is necessary for evaluating hematologic results of hybrid striped bass at different ages. The following analytes deviated sufficiently from adult reference intervals to warrant separate reference values: plasma protein concentration at 4 months, WBC and lymphocyte counts at 15 and 19 months, and thrombocyte-like-cells at 9 months of age. Values for most biochemical analytes were significantly different among age groups except for creatinine and potassium concentrations. Comparisons with reference intervals were not made for biochemical analytes, because established reference intervals were not available. Age-related changes in hematologic and biochemical values of striped bass were similar to those reported for rainbow trout and mammals.     

Hematology and serum chemistry values of the European brown hare

Background: Hematology and serum biochemistry values can be useful for evaluating the health of populations of captive and free-living European brown hares ( Lepus europaeus ). However, current information is fragmented and incomplete.
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine normal hematology and serum chemistry values for a population of captive European brown hares and to investigate differences related to sex and age.
Methods: Routine hematology and serum chemistry values were determined for 48 captive European brown hares in Catalonia (northeastern Spain): 21 young (6 males and 15 females) and 27 adult (14 males and 13 females) hares. Blood was obtained by auricular venipuncture while animals were physically restrained. Results were expressed as the mean ± SD, and reference intervals were calculated as the mean ± 2SD.
Results: RBC count, PCV, concentrations of hemoglobin, total protein, albumin, gamma globulin, urea nitrogen, and creatinine, and alanine aminotransferase activity were significantly higher in adults than in young hares, and alkaline phosphatase activity and total bilirubin concentration were lower. Sex differences were not observed.
Conclusions: Hematology and serum chemistry results obtained in this study are considered representative for healthy captive European brown hares. A single reference interval can be used for values from male and female hares, however, age-specific intervals are needed for some analytes.