狗舌草提取物诱导淋巴细胞性白血病L1210细胞分化的研究

以单猪屎豆碱（MO）、槲皮素（QU）和环磷酰胺（CY）为参照，观察了狗舌草600mL／L乙醇提取物（EX）对淋巴细胞性白血病L1210细胞体外试验的形态变化；利用流式细胞术，从DNA分子水平上检查了EX对L1210细胞各周期相的影响，探讨EX对L1210细胞的分化机理。结果发现，EX能够使L1210细胞向淋巴细胞方向发展；经EX作用24h后，L1210细胞G0＋G1期的百分比较对照组明显升高。提示EX对L1210细胞增殖的抑制作用可能是由于G1期的阻滞所致。     

压力实时监测法在管道泄漏检测中的应用

检测输油管道漏油的方法很多，介绍了通过压力实时监测确定输油管道漏油点方法，以及实际应用情况。实践证明，通过压力实时监视确定输油管道漏油点的方法在实际输油运行中是切实可行的。     

原油加热炉除尘技术研究

加热炉一般以原油或渣油为燃料，在其运行过程中，大量烟尘沉落在炉体内，烟尘的不断堆积，导致加热炉热效率下降，而吹扫炉膛又使大量烟尘进入环境，造成环境污染，为达到污染物的国家排放标准，就必须对排放的烟尘进行回收治理，根据燃油烟尘易漂浮并沾粘的特点，对几种除尘技术进行了比较，重点推荐了效果较好的滤袋式除尘器技术，提出了现场应用的要求。     

油罐阻油切水阀启动过程的研究

本文对油罐本安型阻油切水阀研制过程中的几个技术关键之一￣二次启动进行了较详细的力学分析，研究了阻油切水阀的启动过程，分析了启动过程中液体在静止和流动两种情况下对浮球工作的影响，提出了启动机构方案。     

人参提取液体外抑制IHNV作用效果研究

探究人参提取液体外抑制CCB细胞感染IHNV的能力,构建体外CCB细胞模型,运用RTCA技术和MTT法测得不同浓度人参提取液对IHNV抑制作用曲线,并从阻断病毒复制和杀灭病毒两方面讨论人参提取液作用效果。结果表明,4%人参提取液对IHNV具有明显抑制作用,能够在16 h内保护细胞不受IHNV病毒的侵染,其中2 h时对病毒灭活抑制率最高达到51.5%,1~12 h内对病毒复制有持续抑制作用。研究可为IHVN防治药物的研发提供新的思路及参考。     

Tall oil fatty acid inclusion in the diet improves performance and increases ileal density of lactobacilli in broiler chickens

1. Studies were conducted with tall oil fatty acids (TOFA) to determine their effect on broiler chicken performance and ileal microbiota. TOFA, a product originating from coniferous trees and recovered by fractional distillation of side-streams from pulp production, mainly comprises free long-chain fatty acids (~90%) and resin acids (~8%). Conjugated linolenic acids and pinolenic acid are characteristic fatty acid components of TOFA.

2. TOFA products at 750 mg/kg feed were tested in two 35-day broiler chicken trials, each using a wheat soya-based diet and with 12 replicate pens per treatment. In both trials, TOFA improved body weight gain at all time points (P < 0.001) and feed conversion efficiency during the first 21 days (P < 0.01). Two different dry TOFA formulations (silica carrier and palm oil coating) were tested and showed performance effects similar to liquid TOFA.

3. Ileal digesta of the broiler chickens was analysed for total eubacteria, Lactobacillus spp., Enterococcus spp., Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens on days 14 and 35. TOFA significantly increased total eubacteria and lactobacilli density on day 14 (P < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between these bacterial groups and broiler body weight on day 14 (P < 0.01).

4. A numerical reduction in C. perfringens was observed. In vitro growth inhibition studies showed that C. perfringens was strongly inhibited by 10 mg/l TOFA (P < 0.001), while common lactobacilli were resistant to >250 mg/l. The in vitro results were thus in line with in vivo observations.

5. The mechanisms behind the bacterial shifts and their role in performance improvement are unknown. Further purification of TOFA components is needed to identify the effective agents.     

Screening for New Cosmeceuticals from Brown Algae Fucus vesiculosus with Antioxidant and Photo-Protecting Properties

Phlorotannins play a role in biological functions to protect the cells against UV and oxidative damage in brown algae. We hypothesized that these compounds can function as photo-protectors and antioxidants in skin care formulations. Two types of extracts (water (FV-WE) and 67% v/v ethanol (FV-EE)) from Fucus vesiculosus were obtained with a phlorotannin content between 7−14% in dry extract. Exposure to sun light during growth was included as a factor on the phlorotannin content but did not influence the phlorotannin content. However, green colored F. vesiculosus had lower total phenolic content (TPC) (FV-WE = 6.9 g GAE 100 g⁻¹ dw, FV-EE = 7.8 g GAE 100 g⁻¹ dw) compared to those with a yellow/brownish color (FV-WE = 10.4–13.7 g GAE 100 g⁻¹ dw, FV-EE = 11.2–14.0 g GAE 100 g⁻¹ dw). UVA and UVB photo protective capabilities of the extracts through different biological effective protection factors (BEPFs) were evaluated using in vitro methods; the Mansur method for sun protection factor (SPF) and calculation of effective solar absorption radiation (%ESAR) to determine SPF and UVA protection factor (UVA-PF) of the extract and in seaweed enriched lotion. The SPF was negligible, when evaluating FV-WE in lotion (10 and 20% w/w). Moreover, %ESAR of the FV-WE showed SPF and some UVA-PF, but not enough to give sufficient SPF in lotions (10% w/w). It was concluded that the concentration of UV protecting compounds in the extracts was too low to and that further fractionation and purification of phlorotannins is needed to increase the SPF.     

青海胡麻新品种选引及适宜播量试验初报

从胡麻主产区引进19个新育成的品种(系),2005年进行预备试验,综合其产量、农艺性状和抗病性,从中筛选出晋亚8号、8858、陇亚9号、97047、0144(甘肃)、91-197-8和3号胡麻7个表现较好的品种(系);2006年进行播种量试验。结果表明各引进胡麻品种(系)的产量在总体上都比作为对照的青海当地品种的产量高;晋亚8号、97047和陇亚9号是表现最好的3个品种,其适宜播种量为375~450万粒/hm2,具体为:晋亚8号和97047为375~450万粒/hm2,陇亚9号为375万粒/hm2左右。     

不同氮磷配比对三年生宽叶羌活药材产量及品质的影响

采用二因素随机区组设计,利用尿素、过磷酸钙不同配比施用于3 a生宽叶羌活实生苗进行施肥试验.结果表明:单施尿素时施肥量120 kg/hm2是3a生宽叶羌活药材高产的最佳施用量,单施过磷酸钙时,施用量400 kg/hm2是宽叶羌活药材产量最佳使用量.随着尿素和过磷酸钙用量的增加、3 a生宽叶羌活药材的羌活根产量、挥发油含量、醇浸出物含量逐渐增加,在尿素施肥量120 kg/hm2、过磷酸钙施用量400 kg/hm2时3 a生宽叶羌活药材根产量、挥发油含量、醇浸出物含量均达到最大,之后逐渐降低.在青藏高原地区,3 a生羌活药材产量、挥发油含量、浸出物含量最高的肥料配比为:尿素施肥量120 kg/hm2、过磷酸钙用量400 kg/hm2.     

迷迭香精油对几种植物病原菌的抑菌活性研究

采用生长速率法和抑菌圈法测定了迷迭香精油对甜瓜蔓枯病菌、西瓜炭疽病菌、甜瓜灰霉病菌、甜瓜枯萎病菌、梨树腐烂病菌、柑橘黑腐病菌、油菜菌核病菌、蚕豆轮纹病菌和桃细菌性穿孔病菌的抑菌活性.结果表明:迷迭香精油对8种病原真菌都具有很好的抑菌活性,其EC50分别为843.9914、1 084.2372、483.9457、1 735.5866、1 011.7869、901.2150、356.8803、1 197.3657 μL/L;对桃细菌性穿孔病菌也具有一定的抑菌活性,浓度为100 mL/L时,抑菌圈直径为1.00 cm,最低抑菌浓度为1 000 μL/L.